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PM Vishwakarma Yojana is a central government scheme launched on 17 September 2023 that supports traditional artisans and craftspeople across 18 trades with free skill training (₹500/day stipend), a ₹15,000 toolkit e-voucher, and collateral-free loans up to ₹3 lakh at just 5% interest. Implemented by the Ministry of MSME with a ₹13,000 crore budget over 5 years (FY2023-24 to FY2027-28). Registration is done FREE at Common Service Centres (CSC) using Aadhaar biometric authentication.

Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY), launched in 2016, is India's largest housing programme providing financial assistance to build pucca houses for economically weaker sections. Under PMAY-Gramin (rural), eligible BPL families receive ₹1.20 lakh in plain areas and ₹1.30 lakh in hilly or north-eastern states paid directly through DBT. Under PMAY-Urban, first-time homebuyers in EWS (annual income up to ₹3 lakh) get 6.5% interest subsidy on home loans up to ₹6 lakh, reducing monthly EMI significantly. LIG (income ₹3–6 lakh) gets 6.5%, MIG-I (₹6–12 lakh) gets 4%, and MIG-II (₹12–18 lakh) gets 3% subsidy under the Credit Linked Subsidy Scheme (CLSS). Beneficiaries are selected through the SECC database and state government surveys. Over 2.1 crore PMAY houses have been completed as of 2026.

PM-KISAN (Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi), launched in February 2019, provides ₹6,000 per year direct income support to all land-holding farmer families in India — transferred as three equal installments of ₹2,000 every four months directly to Aadhaar-linked bank accounts. As of 2026, over 11 crore farmers receive PM-KISAN, making it the world's largest direct cash transfer programme for farmers. All land-holding farming families are eligible, regardless of land size. Farmers must complete annual eKYC (OTP or biometric at CSC) to continue receiving installments. Income tax payees, government employees, and institutional landholders are excluded from PM-KISAN benefits.

Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY (Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana), launched in September 2018, provides cashless hospitalisation coverage of ₹5 lakh per family per year at 30,000+ empanelled government and private hospitals. PM-JAY is the world's largest government-funded health insurance scheme, covering 55 crore+ people from the bottom 40% of India's population as per the SECC 2011 database. The scheme covers 1,949 medical procedures including surgeries, chemotherapy, kidney dialysis, neonatal care, and mental health treatment — at no cost to the beneficiary. Beneficiaries can avail treatment in any empanelled hospital across any state, completely cashless, using the Ayushman Card. Senior citizens aged 70+ years now get an additional ₹5 lakh top-up cover. Over 8 crore hospitalisation cases have been covered under PM-JAY as of 2026.

Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana provides free LPG gas connections to women from below poverty line households to replace unhealthy cooking fuel usage.

PM Young Achievers Scholarship Award Scheme for Vibrant India provides scholarships to OBC, EBC, and DNT students for education in Classes 9-12.

PMSBY provides accidental death and disability insurance cover of ₹2 lakh for just ₹20 per year, renewable annually through bank auto-debit.

Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana, run through the Micro Units Development and Refinance Agency (MUDRA) under the Department of Financial Services, offers collateral-free business loans to non-corporate, non-farm micro and small enterprises. Loans are sanctioned under four categories: Shishu (up to ₹50,000), Kishore (₹50,001–₹5 lakh), Tarun (₹5 lakh–₹10 lakh), and Tarun Plus (₹10 lakh–₹20 lakh, launched 2024 for repeat Tarun borrowers). Funds are routed through banks, RRBs, NBFCs and microfinance institutions, and disbursed directly to the borrower's account, helping small traders, manufacturers and service providers expand. Over 52 crore loans worth ₹27 lakh crore have been sanctioned since 2015.

Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana is a government-backed savings scheme for girl children offering one of the highest fixed interest rates (8.2% p.a.) with full tax exemption under Section 80C. Minimum deposit just Rs.250/year; maximum Rs.1.5 lakh/year. Account matures 21 years from opening or at marriage after age 18.

Atal Pension Yojana provides a guaranteed monthly pension of Rs.1,000 to Rs.5,000 after age 60 to unorganized sector workers. Over 7 crore subscribers enrolled. Small monthly contributions from age 18 ensure a dignified retirement income. Contributions also qualify for Section 80CCD(1B) tax deduction up to Rs.50,000.

PM Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY) is a government-backed renewable term life insurance scheme that offers Rs.2 lakh death cover for any cause at just Rs.436 per year. The premium is automatically debited from the subscriber's savings bank account every year between 25 May and 31 May. Launched in 2015 under Pradhan Mantri Jan Suraksha Yojana, the scheme is available to all bank account holders aged 18 to 50 years and is administered through partner public and private sector banks.

Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana provides comprehensive financial support to farmers who suffer crop loss due to natural calamities, pests, or diseases at very low premium rates.

Kisan Credit Card provides farmers with flexible and affordable short-term credit for cultivation expenses, post-harvest needs, and allied activities at interest rates as low as 4% per annum.

Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (BBBP) is a national mission launched in 2015 to address India's declining child sex ratio (CSR) and ensure the survival, protection, education, and empowerment of the girl child. The scheme operates across all 640 districts with a multi-ministry approach involving Women and Child Development, Health, and Education. Key interventions include community awareness campaigns against sex-selective abortion, free education support for girl students under the Sukanya Samriddhi and Udaan programmes, and Anganwadi-based health support. Financial incentives like Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana accounts are linked to BBBP to encourage families to invest in their daughters' future.

Stand Up India facilitates bank loans between Rs.10 lakh and Rs.1 crore to at least one SC or ST borrower and one woman borrower per bank branch for setting up new greenfield enterprises. Over 2.37 lakh accounts sanctioned worth Rs.55,000 crore since 2016. 7-year repayment period with 18-month moratorium. Apply at standupmitra.in.

Prime Minister Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP) provides government subsidy of 15 to 35% on project costs to set up micro-enterprises. Manufacturing sector: up to Rs.50 lakh project cost. Service sector: up to Rs.20 lakh. SC/ST/Women/NE region get 35% subsidy vs 15% for General urban. Implemented by KVIC through banks. Over 9.67 lakh units established creating 77 lakh+ jobs since 2008.

Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM), also known as Har Ghar Jal, is a flagship central government initiative launched in 2019 to provide Functional Household Tap Connections (FHTC) to every rural household in India by 2024. Under JJM, the central and state governments jointly fund the installation of piped water supply infrastructure, ensuring a minimum of 55 litres of potable water per person per day. The scheme prioritises SC/ST-dominated habitations, aspirational districts, drought-prone areas, and schools and Anganwadi centres. Rural communities participate through Village Water and Sanitation Committees (VWSCs). The JJM helpline for water supply complaints is 1916.

PM Poshan Shakti Nirman (formerly Mid-Day Meal Scheme) provides free hot cooked meals to students in government and government-aided schools to improve nutrition and boost school attendance.

The National Scholarship Portal is a one-stop platform for students to apply for all central government scholarship schemes including pre-matric, post-matric, and merit-cum-means scholarships for SC, ST, OBC, and minority students.

PMMVY provides Rs.5,000 cash incentive to pregnant and lactating women for the first living child to partially compensate for wage loss and encourage institutional delivery and proper nutrition.

PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana provides 300 units of free electricity per month to households that install rooftop solar panels, with a central government subsidy of up to ₹78,000 on installation cost.

E-Shram is a national database for unorganized sector workers providing a Universal Account Number (UAN) card, ₹2 lakh accident insurance, and priority access to 12 government welfare schemes.

The Agniveer Scheme, launched under the Agnipath programme in 2022, recruits Indian youth aged 17.5 to 21 years for a 4-year short-service commission in the Indian Army, Navy, or Air Force. Agniveers receive a monthly salary starting at Rs.30,000 (rising to Rs.40,000 in the 4th year) plus risk and hardship allowances. On completion of 4 years, they receive a tax-free Seva Nidhi package of Rs.11.71 lakh (their contribution matched by the government with interest). Up to 25% of each batch is offered permanent enrolment in the regular armed forces based on merit and performance. Agniveers also receive priority in central paramilitary forces (CRPF, CISF, BSF) and several state police recruitment drives.

Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) is India's largest financial inclusion scheme with 56+ crore accounts. Any Indian citizen can open a zero-balance savings account with free RuPay debit card, ₹2 lakh accident insurance, ₹30,000 life insurance, and ₹10,000 overdraft facility.

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) guarantees 100 days of wage employment per year to every rural household in India. Workers receive ₹267/day (minimum wage varies by state) directly to their bank accounts. With over 15 crore active Job Card holders, MGNREGA is the world's largest employment guarantee programme.

PM Internship Scheme is a flagship Government of India initiative launched in 2024 that places 1 crore young Indians (aged 21–24) in 12-month paid internships at top 500 companies across sectors. Interns receive ₹9,000/month stipend (₹6,000 from government + ₹3,000+ from company CSR), ₹6,000 one-time travel grant, and ₹2 lakh accident insurance under PM Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana.

PM Kisan Maandhan Yojana (PM-KMY) is a voluntary and contributory pension scheme for small and marginal farmers launched in 2019. Farmers aged 18–40 contribute a small monthly amount (₹55–₹200 depending on entry age) and receive a guaranteed pension of ₹3,000/month after reaching 60 years of age. The Government of India contributes an equal matching amount to the Pension Fund.

PM Kaushal Vikas Yojana 4.0 (PMKVY 4.0) is the fourth phase of India's flagship skill training programme launched in 2022. It provides free short-term skill training in 220+ job roles across industry sectors to 1 crore youth. Trainees receive a National Skill Qualification Framework (NSQF)-linked certificate, ₹8,000 completion bonus, and placement support through top companies.

PM Swamitva Yojana (Survey of Villages Abadi and Mapping with Improvised Technology in Village Areas) provides legal property rights to village household owners through drone-based survey. Villagers get a Property Card (Adhikar Patra) which can be used as collateral for bank loans up to ₹5 lakh. Launched in 2020, covering 6 lakh+ villages across India.

PM DAKSH (Pradhan Mantri Dakshata Aur Kushalta Sampann Hitgrahi) Yojana provides free short-term and long-term skill training to Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, OBCs, EBCs, DNTs, and Minorities. Trainees receive ₹1,000–₹3,000 monthly stipend during training, placement support, and industry-recognized certification. Apply at pmdaksh.dosje.gov.in.

Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM) organises rural poor women into Self Help Groups (SHGs) and provides them access to bank credit, livelihood support, and social mobilisation. SHGs get revolving fund of ₹15,000, Community Investment Fund up to ₹2.5 lakh, and bank loans up to ₹3 lakh at subsidised rates.

PM SHRI (PM Schools for Rising India) is a centrally sponsored scheme that upgrades 14,500 government schools across India into modern, green, and smart schools. Each selected PM SHRI school gets ₹2 crore+ for smart classrooms, digital libraries, labs, career counselling, vocational education, and NEP 2020 implementation over 5 years.

One Nation One Ration Card (ONORC) allows any NFSA beneficiary to avail their entitled ration from any Fair Price Shop (FPS) anywhere in India using Aadhaar-based biometric authentication. Migrant workers can now get ration in the city where they work, not just their home state. All 36 states/UTs are covered under ONORC.

National Means-cum-Merit Scholarship (NMMS) is a centrally sponsored scholarship scheme that provides ₹12,000 per year (₹1,000/month) to meritorious students from economically weaker sections studying in Classes 9 to 12 in government schools. The scholarship continues for all 4 years (Class 9 to 12) subject to annual renewal. Apply through scholarships.gov.in.

PM CARES for Children scheme provides comprehensive support to children who lost both parents or legal guardian due to COVID-19. Benefits include: ₹10 lakh corpus deposited in their name (accessible at age 18), free education from Class 1 to Class 12 (Navodaya/KVS or state residential schools), PM-JAY health insurance up to ₹5 lakh, and monthly stipend after 18 years.

Public Provident Fund (PPF) is India's most popular long-term savings scheme backed by the Government of India with guaranteed returns. Invest ₹500 to ₹1.5 lakh per year and earn 7.1% interest (compounded annually) — completely tax-free under Section 80C and Section 10. Maturity period is 15 years (extendable). Account can be opened at any post office or nationalised bank.

National Pension System (NPS) is a voluntary, contributory pension scheme regulated by PFRDA (Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority). Open to all Indian citizens aged 18–70. Invest in market-linked pension funds and receive a monthly pension after age 60. NPS offers additional tax deduction of ₹50,000 under Section 80CCD(1B) over and above the ₹1.5 lakh 80C limit.

Senior Citizen Savings Scheme (SCSS) is a government-backed savings scheme specifically for senior citizens (60+ years) offering the highest guaranteed interest rate among all small savings schemes — 8.2% per annum (paid quarterly). Maximum deposit ₹30 lakh per person. Backed by Government of India, completely safe. Available at all post offices and select banks.

Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) is India's largest sanitation programme launched on October 2, 2014. Under SBM-Gramin (rural), BPL and identified APL households get ₹12,000 incentive to construct household toilets. Under SBM-Urban, urban local bodies get funding for individual, community, and public toilets. SBM-Gramin Phase 2 focuses on ODF Plus (solid/liquid waste management, plastic waste management).

Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) is the flagship fisheries development scheme launched in 2020 with a budget of ₹20,050 crore. It provides subsidized assistance for aquaculture infrastructure, fishing boats, nets, ice plants, cold storage, and livelihood support to 2.8 crore fishing community members. Subsidy: 40-60% for general category, 60% for SC/ST/Women.

Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan is an integrated school education scheme covering pre-school to Class 12, implemented from 2018 by merging SSA, RMSA, and TE. It provides free textbooks, uniforms (₹600/year), Midday Meal, ICT labs, sports equipment, and special needs support to students in all government schools. It also funds teacher training, school infrastructure, and equity interventions for girls and marginalised communities.

National Health Mission (NHM) is India's largest public health programme covering National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) and National Urban Health Mission (NUHM). It provides free essential medicines, diagnostics, and health services at government health facilities. Key components: ASHA workers, Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY), Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK), free immunisation, and Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK).

Mission Vatsalya is the umbrella child protection and welfare scheme of the Government of India launched in 2021-22 (replacing earlier ICPS). It ensures every child lives in a safe and nurturing environment. Key benefits: Sponsorship Scheme (₹4,000/month for vulnerable children), Foster Care Support, Child Care Institutions (CCIs) for orphans and abandoned children, and After Care (₹2,000/month for youth aged 18-21 leaving CCIs).

Startup India is Government of India's flagship initiative to build a strong startup ecosystem. Recognized startups get: 3-year income tax exemption (80-IAC), 80% rebate on patent fees, government procurement without prior experience requirement, self-certification under 9 labour laws, and access to Fund of Funds (FFS) of ₹10,000 crore. Register at startupindia.gov.in to get DPIIT recognition certificate.

Digital India is the Government of India's flagship programme to transform India into a digitally empowered society. Key pillars: DigiLocker (online document storage), UMANG app (500+ government services), BharatNet (rural broadband), CSC (Common Service Centres — 5 lakh+), Aadhaar-based DBT, e-Courts, e-Hospital, BHIM UPI, and India Stack APIs. Launched in 2015 with a vision of Digital Infrastructure, Digital Services, and Digital Literacy.

Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY) provides free residential skill training to rural youth from poor families (aged 15-35) and places them in jobs paying minimum ₹10,000/month. It is funded by Ministry of Rural Development and covers food, accommodation, and training costs. Focus on SC/ST/minorities/women — 50% of training must be for these categories.

Lakhpati Didi Yojana is the Government of India's ambitious initiative to make 3 crore women SHG (Self Help Group) members earn ₹1 lakh or more per year through skill development, micro-enterprise support, and livelihood enhancement. Announced by PM Modi in 2023, it provides free skill training in LED bulb making, plumbing, drone repair, solar panel installation, and other high-demand trades. Drone Didi is a subset of this initiative.

Namo Drone Didi is a Government of India scheme to provide 15,000 agricultural drones to women SHG (Self Help Group) clusters for crop spraying and agri-services. Each SHG cluster (10-15 SHGs) gets a drone with 80% subsidy (up to ₹8 lakh), free training for the woman pilot, and a guaranteed income of ₹1 lakh/year from drone rental services to farmers in their area.

Rashtriya Vayoshri Yojana (RVY) provides free assisted-living devices (walking sticks, elbow crutches, wheelchairs, hearing aids, spectacles, dentures) to BPL senior citizens aged 60+ years who suffer from age-related disabilities. Devices are distributed at special camps organized by ALIMCO in camps at the district level. 100% funded by Central Government from Senior Citizens Welfare Fund.

Pradhan Mantri Rojgar Protsahan Yojana (PMRPY) incentivises employers to create new jobs by paying the employer's full 12% EPF contribution for 3 years for each new employee (earning up to ₹15,000/month). This reduces the cost of hiring, especially for MSMEs and factories. Over 1.52 crore beneficiaries and 1.74 lakh establishments benefited since launch.

National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS) promotes apprenticeship training by sharing 25% of the prescribed stipend (up to ₹1,500/month) with employers who engage apprentices. The scheme covers all designated trades and optional trades under Apprentices Act. Over 50 lakh apprentices trained since launch. Apply at apprenticeshipindia.org as student or employer.

PM Gati Shakti National Master Plan is a ₹100 lakh crore infrastructure initiative to boost multi-modal connectivity across India by 2025. It integrates planning of 16 ministries through a GIS-based platform to synchronize rail, road, port, airport, pipeline, waterway, and logistics infrastructure. It aims to reduce logistics costs from 14% to 8% of GDP and create employment for 60 lakh people.

PM Dhan-Dhaanya Krishi Yojana (PMDDKY) is India's most significant new agriculture scheme launched by PM Modi in October 2025 under Budget 2025-26. The scheme targets 100 low-productivity agricultural districts across India with a ₹1.44 lakh crore investment over 6 years, benefiting 1.7 crore farmers. It integrates 36 existing central agriculture schemes under one umbrella to deliver irrigation, crop insurance, soil health, post-harvest storage, credit access, and market linkage in a convergent manner to each selected district. The scheme prioritises Aspirational Districts and districts with below-national-average agricultural productivity. Key benefits include: pre and post-harvest infrastructure, crop diversification support, natural farming promotion, and farmer income doubling through value-chain linkages.

Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) is India's targeted food security scheme for the poorest of the poor, launched by PM Atal Bihari Vajpayee in December 2000. Under AAY, identified families (with yellow ration card) receive 35 kg of food grain per month at highly subsidised rates — rice at ₹3/kg and wheat at ₹2/kg (and coarse cereals at ₹1/kg). AAY covers 2.5 crore families nationally — those with no steady income, landless agriculture labourers, marginal farmers, rural artisans, slum dwellers, and the destitute. Under the National Food Security Act (NFSA) 2013, AAY beneficiaries receive grains free of cost (zero price) as the state and central government absorb the full cost. The yellow AAY ration card is distinct from the Priority Household (PHH) white/pink card.

Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana (PMKSY) is India's flagship irrigation scheme launched in 2015 with the motto 'Har Khet Ko Pani, More Crop Per Drop.' The scheme aims to achieve convergence of irrigation investments at field level — providing end-to-end solutions from water source creation to field application. PMKSY has four major components: (1) Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Programme (AIBP) — completing long-pending irrigation projects; (2) Har Khet Ko Pani (HKKP) — ground water development and distribution network; (3) Per Drop More Crop (PDMC) — micro-irrigation (drip and sprinkler) with 55% subsidy for small/marginal farmers; (4) Watershed Development. Over 7 crore hectares of agricultural land covered with an outlay of ₹93,068 crore under the current phase.

Pradhan Mantri Vaya Vandana Yojana (PMVVY) is a government-backed pension scheme exclusively for senior citizens aged 60 years and above, administered by LIC of India. PMVVY provides guaranteed pension income at 7.4% per annum for 10 years — payable monthly, quarterly, half-yearly, or annually — regardless of market conditions. Launched by PM Modi in 2017 and extended in subsequent phases, it allows investment of up to ₹15 lakh per senior citizen (₹30 lakh per couple), giving a maximum monthly pension of ₹9,250 per month. After 10 years, the full purchase price is returned to the investor or to their nominee on death. In case of critical illness, premature exit is permitted with 98% of purchase price returned.

The Gig and Platform Workers Social Security Scheme is India's Budget 2025-26 flagship initiative to extend formal social security to an estimated 1 crore gig and platform workers (Ola/Uber drivers, Swiggy/Zomato delivery partners, Urban Company workers, etc.) who were previously excluded from any welfare net. The scheme extends PM-JAY health insurance (₹5 lakh/year) and e-Shram accident insurance (₹2 lakh) to all registered gig workers through the e-Shram portal. Additionally, aggregator platforms (Ola, Uber, Swiggy, Zomato) are required to contribute 1-2% of their platform fees to a Gig Workers Welfare Fund. India is among the first countries to legislate social security for gig workers at this scale.

Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY) is India's flagship organic farming promotion scheme launched in 2015 under the National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture. PKVY provides financial assistance of ₹50,000 per hectare over 3 years to farmers adopting organic farming through cluster-based approach. Farmers are organised into clusters of 50 in a contiguous area of 50 hectares, and the cluster receives organic inputs, certification support, and market linkage. The scheme promotes traditional Indian organic farming methods including Rishi Krishi, Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF), and Bharat Organic certification. Over 8.89 lakh farmers have been certified organic under PKVY, making India the world's largest organic producer by farmer count.

e-NAM (Electronic National Agriculture Market) is India's pan-India electronic trading portal for agricultural commodities, launched in 2016 to create a unified national market for farmers. It connects 1,361 APMCs (Mandis) across 23 states/UTs through a single online platform, enabling farmers to sell their produce to buyers across India at transparent, competitive prices without middlemen. Farmers get better price discovery through online bidding, while buyers can purchase from any empanelled mandi remotely. Over 1.8 crore farmers and 2.7 lakh traders are registered. Key features: online quality assaying, electronic payment, logistics integration, and FPO (Farmer Producer Organisation) trading module. The platform handles over ₹3 lakh crore in trade annually.

Soil Health Card (SHC) Scheme is India's flagship soil testing initiative launched by PM Modi in February 2015. Under the scheme, every farmer's agricultural land is tested for 12 soil health parameters including major nutrients (N, P, K), secondary nutrients (S, Ca, Mg), and micro-nutrients (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, B, Mo) every 3 years. Based on test results, a Soil Health Card is issued — a printed/digital report showing soil nutrient status and crop-specific fertiliser recommendations (how much urea, DAP, potash to use). The scheme has issued over 23 crore soil health cards to date, saving farmers money on excess fertiliser use while improving crop yields by 5-6%. Under Budget 2025-26, the scheme is being expanded with digital soil map creation.

National Apprenticeship Training Scheme (NATS) is India's government scheme providing on-the-job training to diploma and degree graduates in government and private establishments, with a monthly stipend of ₹3,542–₹9,000 depending on qualification and establishment type. Administered by the Board of Apprenticeship Training (BOAT) under the Ministry of Education, NATS is distinct from NAPS (National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme under Labour Ministry which covers ITI/vocational). NATS specifically targets engineering diploma holders and graduate engineers for 1-year structured training at India's top public sector undertakings (PSUs) and private companies. Over 5.23 lakh apprentices were engaged in FY2024-25. The scheme is mandatory for establishments with 30+ employees to engage apprentices.

Biopharma SHAKTI (Synergizing Healthcare, Advancement, Knowledge, Technology and Innovation) is a new ₹10,000 crore flagship mission announced in Union Budget 2026-27 to position India as a global biotech and biopharma leader. The mission focuses on accelerating vaccine development, biologics manufacturing, biosimilar production, and genomics research. It builds on India's existing Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC) infrastructure and the Ayushman Bharat Health Infrastructure Mission. The scheme provides grants, equity support, and subsidised loans to biotech startups, MSMEs, and large pharma companies investing in next-generation biologics, mRNA platforms, cell and gene therapy, and precision medicine. India's pharma industry — valued at $65 billion — is already the world's 3rd largest by volume; Biopharma SHAKTI targets making it #1 by 2030.

Smart Cities Mission (SCM) launched in June 2015 aims to develop 100 cities across India with smart infrastructure, ICT solutions, and citizen-centric services. ₹2.05 lakh crore total investment (central + state + PPP). Focus on smart roads, smart water, smart power, IT connectivity, e-governance, and sustainable environment. All 100 cities have formed Special Purpose Vehicles (SPVs) and 7,800+ projects worth ₹1.78 lakh crore completed. A staple topic in UPSC and state PSC examinations.

UDAN (Ude Desh Ka Aam Nagrik) scheme makes air travel affordable for common citizens by capping fares at ₹2,500/seat (1-hour flight) on regional routes. Budget 2025-26 announced 120 new regional air routes. UDAN connects Tier 2 and Tier 3 cities and unserved airports. Airlines operating UDAN routes get Viability Gap Funding (VGF) from the government. Over 600 UDAN routes operational, 80+ airports connected, 1.3 crore+ passengers served.

PM Gram Sadak Yojana Phase IV (PMGSY-IV) launched 2024 targets connecting 25,000 unconnected habitations with all-weather roads. Budget: ₹70,125 crore. Phase IV upgrades existing PMGSY roads, connects multi-village habitations, and prioritises left-wing extremism (LWE) affected areas, tribal regions, and border areas. Overall PMGSY (all phases combined): 7.93 lakh km roads built, 1.85 lakh rural habitations connected since 2000.

PM Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana (PMGKAY) provides free food grain — 5 kg wheat/rice per person per month — to 81.35 crore beneficiaries covered under the National Food Security Act (NFSA). Launched in April 2020 during COVID-19, made permanent from January 2024 under the NFSA umbrella. No payment required — grain is distributed free through PDS ration shops. Budget: ₹2 lakh crore annually. Managed by the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution.

Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana Urban 2.0 (PMAY-U 2.0) was launched in August 2024 to build 1 crore affordable houses for urban poor and middle-class families over 5 years (2024-29) with a total outlay of Rs 10 lakh crore. The scheme provides interest subsidy (Credit Linked Subsidy Scheme — CLSS) up to Rs 2.30 lakh on home loans, beneficiary-led construction (BLC) assistance, and affordable housing in partnership. EWS/LIG/MIG families with annual income up to Rs 18 lakh are eligible.

National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP) is a flagship central social protection scheme providing monthly cash pensions to elderly (60+), widows, and persons with disabilities below the poverty line. Components: Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS) — Rs 200/month (60-79 yrs), Rs 500/month (80+ yrs); Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme (IGNWPS) — Rs 300/month; Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme (IGNDPS) — Rs 300/month; Annapurna — 10 kg free grain. Over 3.5 crore beneficiaries annually. States often top up the central component.

PM Street Vendor's AtmaNirbhar Nidhi (PM SVANidhi) provides affordable working capital loans to street vendors. Extended as PM SVANidhi 2.0, the scheme offers: 1st loan Rs 10,000, 2nd loan Rs 20,000, 3rd loan Rs 50,000 — all with 7% interest subsidy. Vendors who repay on time and use digital transactions get 1% cashback. Over 60 lakh loans sanctioned. Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs implements via ULBs and microfinance institutions.

PM e-Bus Sewa was launched in August 2023 to deploy 10,000 electric buses across 169 cities in India under the Public Private Partnership (PPP) model. The scheme targets cities with population 3 lakh+ (Tier 2 and Tier 3) that currently lack organised bus services. Central government provides capital subsidy per bus and 10-year operational support. Total outlay: Rs 57,613 crore. Aims to reduce urban pollution, lower commuting costs, and improve last-mile public transport connectivity.

Atal Innovation Mission (AIM), established in 2016 under NITI Aayog, is India's flagship initiative to foster innovation and entrepreneurship. Key programmes: Atal Tinkering Labs (ATL) — Rs 20 lakh per school for STEM problem-solving in 10,000 schools; Atal Incubation Centres (AIC) — Rs 10 crore grant to set up startup incubators; Atal New India Challenges (ANIC) — grant up to Rs 1 crore for technology solutions to national problems; Atal Community Innovation Centres (ACIC) — innovation centres in Tier 2/3 cities. Over 10,000 ATLs operational.

Mission Shakti is the Ministry of Women and Child Development's flagship umbrella scheme for the safety, security, and empowerment of women. Launched in 2021-22, it consolidates multiple women safety schemes into two sub-schemes: SAMBAL (safety/support) and SAMARTHYA (empowerment). SAMBAL covers: One Stop Centres (OSC) — 733+ centres for distress women; 181 women helpline; PM Matru Vandana Yojana maternity benefit; Swadhar Greh (shelter homes). SAMARTHYA covers: Beti Bachao Beti Padhao; Ujjwala anti-trafficking; Nari Adalats. Nirbhaya Fund projects also channelled through Mission Shakti.

PM WANI (Wi-Fi Access Network Interface) is India's free public WiFi scheme that enables any shopkeeper, tea stall, or kirana store to become a public WiFi hotspot without a licence. Launched December 2020, it works through Public Data Offices (PDOs — any shop) who install WiFi routers and provide internet to public. Citizens get affordable/free WiFi access. Target: 20 lakh PDO hotspots across India, especially rural areas. Anyone can walk into a PM-WANI PDO shop and connect to internet. No licence needed for shopkeepers.

Pradhan Mantri Matsya Kisan Samridhi Sah-Yojana (PM-MKSSY) is a new central scheme launched in Budget 2024-25 specifically for the formalization and welfare of fishermen and fish farmers. Key benefits: Kisan Credit Card (KCC) for fishermen — ₹3 lakh credit at 7% (effective 4% with subvention); micro-insurance of ₹2 lakh for boat owners and ₹1 lakh for non-boat fishermen; onboarding on PM FishNet digital platform for identity and market access; and performance grants for fish production. Target: 4 crore fishermen and 7.5 lakh fish farmers. Part of PM Matsya Sampada Yojana ecosystem.

NPS Vatsalya is a dedicated National Pension System account for minors, launched in September 2024. Parents or legal guardians open and manage the account on behalf of a child below 18 years. A minimum annual contribution of ₹1,000 is required with no upper limit. On reaching 18, the NPS Vatsalya account seamlessly converts into a standard NPS Tier-I account, giving the young adult a head start on long-term retirement savings. Partial withdrawals (up to 25% of contributions, maximum 3 times) are allowed for education, medical treatment, or disability before the minor turns 18.

Bima Sakhi Yojana is a Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) scheme launched by PM Modi in December 2024 to empower rural and semi-urban women as LIC insurance agents. Enrolled women receive a monthly stipend of ₹7,000 (Year 1), ₹6,000 (Year 2), and ₹5,000 (Year 3) in addition to commission income from policies sold. After the 3-year period, they continue as full LIC agents earning commissions. The scheme targets 2 lakh women over 3 years and provides IRDAI agent licensing and free training.

The Unified Pension Scheme (UPS) is a central government pension reform approved by Cabinet in August 2024 and implemented from April 1, 2025. It offers central government employees currently under NPS (National Pension System) an assured pension of 50% of the average basic pay drawn over the last 12 months before superannuation, after completing 25 years of service. A minimum pension of ₹10,000/month is guaranteed for those with 10+ years of service. The family pension is 60% of the employee's pension amount. Pension is indexed to inflation through Dearness Allowance.

PM Vidya Lakshmi Scheme, approved by Cabinet in November 2024, provides collateral-free education loans of up to ₹10 lakh to meritorious students admitted to Quality Higher Education Institutions (QHEIs). Students from families with annual income up to ₹8 lakh get a 75% credit guarantee, removing the need for collateral or guarantor. For families with income up to ₹4.5 lakh, the government pays the full interest during the moratorium (study period + 1 year). Students can apply to up to 3 banks simultaneously through a single Common Education Loan Application Form (CELAF) at pmvidyalakshmi.co.in.

PM Electric Drive Revolution in Innovative Vehicle Enhancement (PM E-DRIVE) replaced FAME-II from March 2024 with an outlay of Rs.10,900 crore till March 2026. It provides direct subsidies on purchase of electric 2-wheelers (up to Rs.10,000), electric 3-wheelers (up to Rs.50,000), electric buses (Rs.40 lakh+), e-ambulances, e-trucks, and electric public transport vehicles. Unlike FAME-II, PM E-DRIVE focuses on fleet electrification and public transport rather than personal vehicles. EV charging infrastructure rollout: 22,000+ public fast chargers funded.

Atal Bhujal Yojana (Atal Jal) is a Rs.6,000 crore World Bank-supported groundwater management scheme covering 8,774 water-stressed gram panchayats across 7 states: Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, and Uttar Pradesh. The scheme promotes community-led groundwater management through Gram Panchayat Water Security Plans (WSPs), real-time monitoring, and performance-based incentives. Farmers are encouraged to adopt micro-irrigation, crop diversification, and water-use efficiency measures. 50% World Bank loan, 50% central government funding. 2021–2026 implementation.

PM VIDYA PRAVESH is a free 3-month school readiness module for children enrolling in Class 1 (age 6+), implemented under the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. It bridges the gap between Anganwadi/ECCE and formal schooling. The programme uses play-based, activity-based learning covering foundational literacy (alphabets, rhymes) and numeracy (counting, shapes) without formal homework or examinations. Teachers are trained under NISHTHA FLN module. Implemented across all government and government-aided primary schools in India. Module materials available in all scheduled languages on DIKSHA platform.

One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) is a Government of India scheme approved in November 2024 with Rs.6,000 crore outlay to provide free access to 13,000+ international research journals and databases to over 6,300 government higher education institutions (universities, colleges, IITs, NITs, AIIMS) and 1.8 crore+ students, faculty, and researchers. Previously, institutions paid individually — ONOS centralises subscriptions via the government, saving institutions lakhs per year. Implemented by INFLIBNET Centre under Ministry of Education. Access via e-Shodh Sindhu portal (ess.inflibnet.ac.in).

Ayushman Bharat – Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY) for Senior Citizens 70+ is a landmark October 2024 expansion of India's flagship health insurance scheme. Every Indian citizen aged 70 years and above gets ₹5 lakh per year cashless health cover at empanelled hospitals — REGARDLESS of income, BPL status, or pre-existing PMJAY enrollment. Families already covered under PMJAY get an additional ₹5 lakh top-up exclusively for senior members. The new Vy Vandana Card (Distinct Senior Card) is issued separately to 70+ citizens. Covers cardiac, cancer, kidney, joint replacement, neurosurgery, ICU, and 1,949+ procedures at 30,000+ hospitals nationwide.

Intensified Mission Indradhanush 5.0 (IMI 5.0) is India's flagship universal immunization campaign launched in August 2023 under the National Health Mission. It targets 100% full immunization of pregnant women and children aged 0–5 years against 12 vaccine-preventable diseases: tuberculosis (BCG), polio (OPV/IPV), hepatitis B, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, Haemophilus influenzae type b, rotavirus, measles, rubella, pneumococcal disease, and Japanese encephalitis (in endemic districts). IMI 5.0 specifically addresses 'zero-dose' children and dropouts identified through digital data systems. The Mission Indradhanush series has so far covered 5.46 crore children and 1.32 crore pregnant women across all districts of India.

Pradhan Mantri Mega Integrated Textile Region and Apparel (PM MITRA) is a flagship scheme to develop 7 mega textile parks across India with a total outlay of ₹4,445 crore (2021–2028). The 7 parks are located in: Virudhunagar (Tamil Nadu), Warangal (Telangana), Navsari (Gujarat), Kalaburagi (Karnataka), Dhar (Madhya Pradesh), Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh), and Amravati (Maharashtra). Each park has world-class plug-and-play infrastructure for spinning, weaving, processing, dyeing, printing, and garment manufacturing in one location. PM MITRA aims to create 20 lakh direct and 70 lakh indirect jobs, attract Rs 70,000 crore in investment, and boost textile exports.

National Mission on Edible Oils – Oilseeds (NMEO-Oilseeds) is the central government's ₹10,103 crore mission approved in September 2024 to achieve self-reliance (Atmanirbhar) in edible oils. India currently imports 56% of its edible oils (over Rs 1.4 lakh crore worth annually). NMEO-Oilseeds targets boosting domestic oilseed production from 39 million tonnes (2022-23) to 69.7 million tonnes by 2030-31, increasing area under oilseeds by 40 lakh hectares. Key crops: groundnut, mustard, soybean, sunflower, sesame, niger, linseed, safflower, castor. Farmers get high-yield seeds, training, mechanization subsidy, and bonus on MSP. Implementation: 2024-25 to 2030-31.

Pradhan Mantri Sahaj Bijli Har Ghar Yojana (Saubhagya), launched September 2017, provided FREE electricity connections to over 2.86 crore un-electrified rural and economically backward urban households across India. Saubhagya effectively achieved universal household electrification — 99.99% of identified households were electrified by March 2019. Saubhagya works alongside Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana (DDUGJY), which focuses on rural electrification infrastructure: feeder separation, sub-stations, transformers, and last-mile distribution. DDUGJY continues to upgrade rural power infrastructure. Combined outlay exceeds Rs 1.5 lakh crore.

ULLAS (Understanding of Lifelong Learning for All in Society) — also called Nav Bharat Saksharta Karyakram or New India Literacy Programme (NILP) — is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme launched in February 2022 to make 5 crore adult non-literates (age 15+) functionally literate by 2027. The scheme has five components: (1) Foundational Literacy and Numeracy; (2) Critical Life Skills (financial, digital, legal, electoral); (3) Vocational Skills; (4) Basic Education (Class 3–8 equivalency); and (5) Continuing Education. ULLAS leverages volunteers (teachers, students, NGOs, retirees) and the DIKSHA + ULLAS App for self-paced digital learning in 22 Indian languages. Annual Foundational Literacy Assessment Test (FLNAT) certifies learners.

PM PRANAM (Pradhan Mantri PRogramme for Restoration, Awareness, Nourishment and Amelioration of Mother Earth) is a Cabinet-approved (June 2023) state-incentive scheme to reduce chemical fertilizer use and promote bio-fertilizers, organic fertilizers, and natural farming. PM PRANAM has NO separate budget — it works by giving 50% of the SAVINGS in fertilizer subsidy back to states as a grant, when those states successfully reduce their urea/DAP/MOP consumption. Of this 50%, states must use 70% for fertilizer-related infrastructure (storage, bio-fertilizer units, soil testing labs) and 30% as direct rewards to farmers, FPOs, panchayats, and SHGs adopting alternate fertilizers. This rewards states for sustainable agriculture without burdening the central exchequer.

Pradhan Mantri Uchchatar Shiksha Abhiyan (PM-USHA) is the restructured higher education scheme approved in 2023 with Rs 12,926 crore outlay for 5 years. PM-USHA replaces the earlier RUSA (Rashtriya Uchchatar Shiksha Abhiyan) with stronger NEP 2020 alignment. It funds state and central universities, colleges, multi-disciplinary education and research universities (MERUs), and cluster universities. Key components: (1) Strengthening existing universities; (2) New model degree colleges in underserved districts; (3) Grants to gender-inclusive and accessible institutions; (4) Multi-disciplinary curriculum reform; (5) Equity initiatives for SC/ST/OBC/women/PwD. Implemented through Project Approval Boards (PABs) at central and state levels.

The Rural Prosperity and Resilience Programme is a major Budget 2025 (February 2025) initiative to address rural underemployment in agriculture through skilling, entrepreneurship, agri-investment, and rural infrastructure. The programme has a multi-sectoral approach focused on: (1) Skilling for young rural workers, women, and small/marginal farmers; (2) Entrepreneurship development for rural startups and FPOs; (3) Investment in agri-value chains, food processing, and rural infrastructure; (4) Rural-urban migration pause through local livelihood creation. Phase 1 focuses on 100 priority districts identified for high under-employment. Implemented in convergence with PMKVY, DAY-NRLM, PMEGP, and Make-in-India.

Pradhan Mantri Development Initiative for Northeast Region (PM-DevINE) is a 100% central-funded scheme approved in October 2022 with Rs 6,600 crore outlay for 2022-23 to 2025-26. Implemented by the Ministry of Development of Northeast Region (DoNER), PM-DevINE supports infrastructure, social development, and livelihood projects across the 8 Northeast states: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, and Tripura. Key focus: (1) Infrastructure (roads, telecom, power); (2) Social development (healthcare, education); (3) Livelihood support; (4) NE-specific needs (PM-DevINE complements MDoNER's other schemes like NEC). Projects are sanctioned with a 4-year completion timeline, and 70% must show on-the-ground progress before next-phase release.

Mission Karmayogi — formally the National Programme for Civil Services Capacity Building (NPCSCB) — was approved by the Cabinet in September 2020 to comprehensively reform Indian civil services training and capacity building. The mission targets all 4.6+ million central government employees with role-based, competency-driven, citizen-centric capacity building. The iGOT Karmayogi (Integrated Government Online Training) digital platform offers thousands of online courses for civil servants. Five core principles: (1) Rule-based to Role-based; (2) Behavioural + Functional + Domain competencies; (3) Anytime-anywhere learning; (4) On-demand training; (5) Vocation-based individualised pathway. The Karmayogi Bharat SPV (Special Purpose Vehicle) operates the platform. The Capacity Building Commission (CBC) provides strategic oversight.

BharatNet is India's flagship rural broadband connectivity programme to provide high-speed internet to all 2.65 lakh Gram Panchayats (GPs) across India. Originally launched as NOFN (National Optical Fibre Network) in 2011, renamed BharatNet in 2015, and revamped in August 2023 with a Cabinet approval of Rs 1.39 lakh crore for last-mile connectivity. BharatNet enables: e-governance, telemedicine, online education, agri-extension, and digital banking in villages. The revamped scheme uses a 'BharatNet 2.0' design — connecting all 2.65 lakh GPs by 2025-26 and providing fibre-to-the-home (FTTH) connections to 1.5 crore rural households. Implemented by Bharat Broadband Network Ltd (BBNL).

Aspirational Districts Programme (ADP), launched January 2018 by NITI Aayog, focuses on transformation of 112 most underdeveloped districts across 28 states identified through composite indicators. ADP works on 5 themes (49 KPIs): Health & Nutrition (38%), Education (26%), Agriculture & Water Resources (20%), Financial Inclusion & Skill Development (10%), Basic Infrastructure (6%). District rankings (Delta and overall) are published monthly through the Champions of Change Dashboard, creating healthy competition. ADP has been extended as the Aspirational Blocks Programme (ABP) in 2023 to cover 500 additional underdeveloped blocks. Funds are convergence-based (existing schemes); the programme provides strategic direction, monitoring, and best-practice sharing.

Skill India Digital Hub (SIDH) is a comprehensive digital platform launched in September 2023 by the Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship (MSDE). SIDH aggregates skill development, education, employment, and entrepreneurship opportunities in one place. Users can: (1) Access 7,500+ free courses across PMKVY, NCS, and partner platforms; (2) Get personalised skill recommendations using AI; (3) Find job and apprenticeship opportunities via NCS integration; (4) Receive digital skill certificates (NCVET-verified); (5) Apply for entrepreneurship and self-employment loans. SIDH is the ONE-STOP SHOP for skill seekers, integrating PMKVY, NAPS, NATS, NCS, DDU-GKY, eKaushal, ASEEM, and other government skill initiatives.

Khelo India is the Government of India's flagship sports development scheme launched in 2018 to revive sports culture, identify talent, and create world-class sports infrastructure. Components: (1) Khelo India Youth Games (KIYG) — annual multi-sport competition for under-17 and under-21 athletes; (2) Khelo India University Games (KIUG) — for university students; (3) Khelo India Talent Identification — top athletes get ₹6.28 lakh/year scholarship (₹120,000 stipend + boarding/lodging + training + competition exposure) for 8 years through Khelo India Athlete (KIA) status; (4) KIRTI (Khelo India Rising Talent Identification) — talent hunt scheme for under-14 to under-17 with 1 lakh+ athletes assessed annually; (5) Khelo India Centres — 1,000+ sports centres across districts.

Common Service Centres (CSC) is one of India's largest digital service delivery networks, operated by the CSC e-Governance Services India Limited under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY). With over 5 lakh CSCs across rural and urban India, the scheme delivers 400+ government and private digital services at the village level — Aadhaar enrollment, PAN card, passport, banking, insurance, telemedicine, education, e-courts, FASTag, and more. Village Level Entrepreneurs (VLEs) operate CSCs and earn commission on every transaction. CSC reach: 2.5+ lakh Gram Panchayats covered. Apna CSC mobile app and apnacsc.in allows VLE registration, service catalog access, and earnings tracking.

Nutrient Based Subsidy (NBS) is the central government scheme that provides subsidy on Phosphatic and Potassic (P&K) fertilizers — DAP, MOP, complex fertilizers (NPK), and 23+ other nutrient-based fertilizers (except urea which is under a separate subsidy regime). NBS subsidy is fixed PER NUTRIENT (N, P, K, S) on an annual basis by the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs. Fertilizer companies sell at MRP fixed by the government and claim NBS subsidy from the centre. This scheme keeps fertilizers affordable for farmers — India's total fertilizer subsidy bill is Rs 1.8+ lakh crore/year (urea + NBS combined). NBS is run by the Department of Fertilizers, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers.

PM-CARES Fund (Prime Minister's Citizen Assistance and Relief in Emergency Situations) is a public charitable trust established on 27 March 2020 to receive donations for disaster relief, public health emergencies, and welfare measures. It is governed by a Board of Trustees chaired by the Prime Minister, with the Defence, Home, and Finance Ministers as ex-officio trustees. Donations qualify for 100% tax deduction under Section 80G of the Income Tax Act and are exempt from FCRA restrictions for foreign donations. PM-CARES has funded COVID-19 ventilators, oxygen plants, vaccine R&D, migrant relief, and education (PM-CARES for Children — separate scheme). Donations via pmcares.gov.in, online banking, UPI, debit/credit cards, NEFT/RTGS.

Under Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY), the RAS (Recirculating Aquaculture System) and Biofloc Fish Farming components provide 40% subsidy to general category and 60% subsidy to women/SC/ST/Northeast farmers on setting up high-density indoor fish farms. RAS is a sophisticated indoor fish farming technology where water is filtered and recirculated, allowing year-round production with minimal water use. Biofloc is a low-cost variant where microbial biomass in the tank itself filters waste. PMMSY subsidy: Up to Rs 25 lakh per RAS unit (12 tanks) and Rs 4 lakh per medium biofloc unit (7 tanks). Boosts inland fish production, reduces water/land requirement, and provides high returns (Rs 5–8 lakh annually per unit).

Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maan-dhan (PM-SYM) is the flagship pension scheme for India's unorganised sector workers — street vendors, rickshaw pullers, domestic workers, construction labourers, agriculture labourers, hawkers, and home-based workers. Launched February 2019. Workers aged 18-40 with monthly income ≤ ₹15,000 contribute ₹55-₹200/month (based on entry age) and the Government of India matches the contribution on 1:1 basis. After age 60, beneficiaries receive a guaranteed monthly pension of ₹3,000 for life. 50+ lakh subscribers enrolled. Enroll at maandhan.in or any CSC.

Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana (PMBJP) makes quality generic medicines available at 50-90% cheaper prices than branded equivalents through Jan Aushadhi Kendras (JAKs). Run by Pharmaceuticals & Medical Devices Bureau of India (PMBI). Over 14,000 Kendras across all districts; sells 2,047+ medicines and 300+ surgical items. The Janaushadhi Suvidha Oxo-Biodegradable Sanitary Napkin is available at just ₹1/pad. Launched 2008 (rebranded 2015). PMBJP saves Indians ₹30,000+ crore annually in healthcare costs.

One Rank One Pension (OROP) is the landmark Government of India scheme ensuring that defence personnel of the SAME RANK retiring with SAME LENGTH OF SERVICE get the SAME PENSION, regardless of retirement date. Approved November 2015 (effective from 1 July 2014). Periodically revised every 5 years. OROP-2 revision (Jan 2022) covered pensions till 1 July 2019. The Defence Ministry has approved further revision (OROP-3) effective from 1 July 2024, benefiting over 25 lakh ex-servicemen, war widows, and disabled soldiers. Pension arrears for OROP-3 are being disbursed through the SPARSH (System for Pension Administration RAKSHA) portal.

Atmanirbhar Bharat Rojgar Yojana (ABRY) is a flagship employment generation scheme launched October 2020 to incentivise hiring of new employees post-COVID. The Government of India pays employer + employee EPF contributions (24% of wages) for 2 years for new employees earning up to ₹15,000/month, hired by establishments registered with EPFO. ABRY-1 ended March 2022; ABRY-2 extended till March 2024 covering 60+ lakh new employees. ABRY-3 (relaunched 2024) is currently active for new establishments. Implemented by Employees' Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO).

Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT) 2.0 is a centrally-sponsored scheme to provide universal access to functional water taps and 100% sewerage management in 500 cities across India. Launched October 2021 (succeeds AMRUT 1.0 from 2015) with total outlay of ₹2,99,000 crore for 2021-2026. Targets: 2.68 crore new water tap connections + 2.64 crore new sewer/septage connections. Also covers rejuvenation of urban water bodies, green spaces, and digital governance. Implemented by Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs (MoHUA).

Pradhan Mantri Gramin Digital Saksharta Abhiyan (PMGDISHA) is the largest digital literacy programme in the world — training 6 crore adults in 40% of rural households to be digitally literate. Free 20-hour training on smartphone use, internet, email, digital payments, government services, and online banking. After training, learners take a NIELIT exam — those who pass get a Digital Literacy certificate. Implemented through 5+ lakh Common Service Centres (CSCs). 6.39 crore registered, 5.93 crore trained, 4.62 crore certified as of 2024.

Operation Greens (TOP — Tomato, Onion, Potato) is a Government of India scheme launched November 2018 to stabilise prices of perishable vegetables and protect farmers from distress sales. Two main components: (1) Price stabilisation of TOP crops with Government intervention during oversupply/scarcity; (2) 50% subsidy on transportation and storage costs to FPOs, cooperatives, processors, exporters. Extended to all fruits & vegetables (TOP to TOTAL) in 2020-21. Implemented by Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI). Outlay: ₹500 crore.

Pradhan Mantri Annadata Aay Sanrakshan Abhiyan (PM-AASHA) is the central scheme to ensure farmers get the Minimum Support Price (MSP) for their pulses, oilseeds, and copra. Approved September 2018. Three components: (1) PSS (Price Support Scheme) — direct MSP procurement by central agencies; (2) PDPS (Price Deficiency Payment Scheme) — DBT for price gap; (3) PPSS (Private Procurement & Stockist Scheme) — pilot with private players. Implementation by NAFED, FCI, SFAC. Covers 23+ crops at notified MSP. Continued and enhanced for 2024-26 cycle with ₹35,000 crore outlay.

Prime Minister's Scholarship Scheme (PMSS) — administered by the Welfare and Rehabilitation Board (Defence Ministry) and Ministry of Home Affairs (CAPFs) — provides ₹3,000/month (boys) and ₹3,250/month (girls) to wards/widows of ex-Defence personnel (Army/Navy/Air Force/Coast Guard) and Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF — BSF, CRPF, ITBP, CISF, SSB, Assam Rifles) for professional courses (engineering, medical, MBA, dental, veterinary, computer applications). 5,500 scholarships annually for Defence, 2,000 for CAPF.

Centrally Sponsored Post-Matric Scholarship for Scheduled Caste (PMS-SC) is the largest scholarship scheme in India by coverage — benefiting 60+ lakh SC students annually for studies after Class 10 (Class 11/12, ITI, diploma, graduation, post-graduation, PhD). Covers full tuition fees (including hostel charges in some categories), maintenance allowance (₹230-₹1,200/month based on group), book allowance, study tour allowance, and disability allowance for PwD students. Annual outlay: ₹6,000+ crore. Implemented through National Scholarship Portal (NSP).

Pre-Matric Scholarship for SC and ST students is the centrally-sponsored scheme for Class 1-10 students from Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe communities. Provides maintenance allowance, book allowance, and additional allowances for SC/ST students whose families earn ≤ ₹2.5 lakh/year. Two separate schemes: Pre-Matric for SC (administered by Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment) and Pre-Matric for ST (administered by Ministry of Tribal Affairs). Covers Class 1-10 — different rates for day scholars vs hostellers. Over 50 lakh SC + 30 lakh ST students benefit annually. Implemented through NSP.

Pradhan Mantri Khanij Kshetra Kalyan Yojana (PMKKKY) is the central guideline that mandates use of District Mineral Foundation (DMF) funds — collected as additional contributions from mining lease holders — for welfare of mining-affected communities. Launched September 2015. Mining companies contribute 10-30% of royalty to DMF. PMKKKY provides framework: 60% of DMF funds for HIGH PRIORITY (drinking water, environment, education, healthcare, women & child welfare, skill development, sanitation) and 40% for OTHER priority (infrastructure, livelihood, energy). Implemented in 600+ mining-affected districts. Total DMF corpus crossed ₹75,000 crore.

Bharatmala Pariyojana is India's largest highway infrastructure programme — approved October 2017 with outlay of ₹10.63 lakh crore. Aims to construct 34,800 km of national highways under: Economic Corridors (9,000 km), Inter-Corridor + Feeder Routes (6,000 km), National Corridor Efficiency Improvement (5,000 km), Border + International Connectivity (2,000 km), Coastal + Port Connectivity (2,000 km), Expressways (800 km), Balance NHDP (10,000 km). 25,000+ km already constructed as of 2024-25. Implemented by NHAI under Ministry of Road Transport & Highways.

Sagarmala Programme is the Government of India's flagship initiative for port-led development — leveraging India's 7,500 km coastline for economic growth. Launched March 2015 with 802 projects worth ₹6 lakh crore for 2015-2035. Four pillars: (1) Port Modernisation & New Ports; (2) Port Connectivity Enhancement; (3) Port-led Industrialisation (Coastal Economic Zones); (4) Coastal Community Development (fishermen welfare, skill development). Implemented by Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways. 240+ projects completed; 350+ under implementation.

Make in India is the Government of India's flagship initiative launched 25 September 2014 to transform India into a global manufacturing hub. Focuses on 25 sectors including: automobiles, aerospace, biotechnology, chemicals, defence, electronics, food processing, IT/BPM, leather, pharmaceuticals, ports, railways, renewable energy, roads, space, textiles, tourism, wellness. Augmented by Production Linked Incentive (PLI) Schemes for 14 sectors with ₹1.97 lakh crore outlay (2021-2027) — providing 4-6% incentive on incremental production to companies meeting investment + production thresholds.

Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana (HRIDAY) is the Government of India scheme to preserve and revitalise the unique heritage character of 12 historic cities while ensuring inclusive urban development. Launched January 2015 with ₹500 crore outlay. 12 heritage cities: Ajmer, Amaravati, Amritsar, Badami, Dwarka, Gaya, Kanchipuram, Mathura, Puri, Varanasi, Velankanni, Warangal. Focus: heritage conservation, urban infrastructure (roads, sanitation, lighting), tourism infrastructure, livelihood for heritage artisans. Implemented by Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs (MoHUA).

PRASAD (Pilgrimage Rejuvenation and Spiritual, Heritage Augmentation Drive) is the Ministry of Tourism scheme to develop pilgrimage and spiritual heritage destinations holistically. Launched 2015. Focuses on 41 sites across 25 states/UTs in 1st phase. Funds infrastructure: pilgrim facilities (parking, toilets, food, accommodation, drinking water), connectivity (roads, signage), pilgrim safety (CCTV, emergency response), digital tourism services. Renamed to PRASHAD (Pilgrimage Rejuvenation and Spiritual, Heritage Augmentation Drive) in 2017. Total outlay: ₹4,000+ crore. Now subsumed under Swadesh Darshan 2.0.

Swadesh Darshan is the Ministry of Tourism's flagship scheme for theme-based tourism circuit development. Launched 2014 with 15 theme circuits (Buddhist, Coastal, Desert, Eco, Heritage, Himalayan, Krishna, Northeast, Ramayana, Spiritual, Sufi, Tribal, Tirthankar, Wildlife, Rural). Revamped as Swadesh Darshan 2.0 in 2022 with destination-centric (not just circuit-centric) approach. 76 destinations identified across 31 states/UTs. ₹5,000+ crore outlay since 2014. Phase 2 focuses on sustainable, inclusive, responsible tourism with technology integration.

NPS-Lite (Swavalamban) is the simplified National Pension System for unorganised sector workers and low-income groups. Launched 2010. Subscribers contribute ₹100 to ₹12,000 annually. The Government of India contributed ₹1,000 annually to each subscriber's pension account from 2010-2017 (now closed for new subscriptions but existing subscribers continue). NPS-Lite has been gradually superseded by Atal Pension Yojana (APY) and PM-SYM. Existing NPS-Lite subscribers can: (a) continue NPS-Lite, (b) migrate to APY/PM-SYM. Operated by PFRDA through aggregators.

PRABUDDHA Scheme is the Government of Karnataka's initiative — emulated by other states — providing financial assistance to meritorious students from Scheduled Castes (SC), Scheduled Tribes (ST), and Backward Communities to pursue higher studies in top global universities. Up to ₹50 lakh per student covering tuition + living + travel. Top 200 universities (QS Rankings) eligible. Originally Karnataka state scheme but now central counterpart National Overseas Scholarship Scheme covers similar mandate for SC/ST nationally. Combined coverage benefits over 100 marginalised students per year for Masters/PhD abroad.

PM-KUSUM (Pradhan Mantri Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthaan Mahabhiyan) is a central government scheme under the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) that gives farmers up to 60% central + state subsidy on solar-powered irrigation pumps (2HP to 10HP). Launched in 2019, the scheme has three components: Component A — 10,000 MW of decentralised solar plants on barren/cultivable land; Component B — standalone solar-powered agriculture pumps (target: 20 lakh pumps); Component C — solarisation of grid-connected agriculture pumps (target: 15 lakh pumps). Farmers pay only 10% of the cost; 30% central subsidy + 30% state subsidy + 30% CFA from MNRE. States like Maharashtra (Mukhyamantri Saur Krishi Pump), Rajasthan, UP, MP have active portals. Budget: ₹34,422 crore. Total target: 30.8 lakh solar pumps by 2026.

Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) is a safe motherhood intervention under the National Health Mission (NHM), launched in 2005 by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. It promotes institutional delivery among pregnant women belonging to BPL/SC/ST families and reduces maternal and infant mortality. Cash incentive of ₹1,400 is given to women delivering in rural areas of Low Performing States (LPS: UP, UK, Bihar, Jharkhand, MP, Chhattisgarh, Assam, Odisha, Rajasthan, J&K) and ₹600 in High Performing States (HPS) for rural deliveries. Urban area deliveries get ₹1,000 in LPS and ₹400 in HPS. ASHA workers get ₹600 (LPS rural) or ₹200-400 per case. Over 1 crore beneficiaries annually. Cash paid directly to the mother at the time of delivery or just after discharge.

PM Research Fellowship (PMRF) is a prestigious scholarship scheme launched in 2018 by the Ministry of Education to attract the best Bachelor's/Master's students into PhD programmes at IITs, IISc, IISERs, NITs, and other premier research institutions. Fellowship amount: ₹70,000/month for all 5 years (revised from the earlier ₹31,000-70,000 slab structure). Research grant of ₹2 lakh per year for first 2 years, ₹2 lakh for 3rd year, ₹2 lakh for 4th and 5th year — total ₹10 lakh over 5 years. Selection is through direct admission or lateral entry from premier IITs/IISc/IISERs. Three channels: (1) Direct Admission from 4-year BS/B.Tech final year at premier institutes; (2) Lateral Entry from 2nd year of ongoing PhD; (3) Supernumerary seats for other students through national test. Target: 3,000 new fellows per year across Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM). Currently 4,000+ active PMRF fellows.

Eklavya Model Residential Schools (EMRS) is a flagship scheme of the Ministry of Tribal Affairs providing FREE quality residential education to Scheduled Tribe (ST) children from Class 6 to Class 12. Launched in 1997, EMRS schools are fully residential — providing free boarding, lodging, tuition, uniform, books, stationery, and medical care. The scheme aims to establish one EMRS in every block with ST population above 50% and at least 20,000 tribal population, by 2022 (extended to 2026). Currently over 688 EMRS schools are functional across 27 states/UTs, benefiting over 1.5 lakh students. Each EMRS school has capacity for 480 students. Budget enhanced to ₹38,000 crore for 2018-2022. Schools follow CBSE curriculum and have modern facilities including science labs, libraries, computer rooms, and sports facilities. Tribal students also get JEE/NEET coaching at EMRS. National Admission Test (EMRS-NAT) conducted for admission.

One Stop Centre (OSC) Sakhi is a centrally-sponsored scheme under the Ministry of Women and Child Development that provides integrated support and assistance to women affected by violence — domestic violence, sexual assault, acid attacks, trafficking, honour crimes, and more. OSCs (called 'Sakhi' centres) provide under one roof: emergency response, medical assistance, legal aid, psychological counselling, temporary shelter (up to 5 days), and police facilitation. There are 800+ OSCs operational across all districts of India. Helpline: 181 (free 24x7). Women can also call 112 (police emergency). OSCs are co-located with hospitals for easy access. Services are completely FREE. The scheme covers all women — regardless of religion, caste, age, or marital status. NRI women in distress also covered. Budget: ₹750 crore from Nirbhaya Fund. Services available 24x7.

Sub-Mission on Agricultural Mechanization (SMAM) is a central government scheme under the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare that provides 40% to 80% subsidy on agricultural machinery and equipment to farmers — including tractors, power tillers, rotavators, seed drills, threshers, harvesters, sprayers, drones, and more. SC/ST, women, and small/marginal farmers get higher subsidy (50-80%). General farmers get 40-50% subsidy. Maximum subsidy amount varies by machine type and state. The scheme also supports Custom Hiring Centres (CHC) — farmers can start a CHC (farm machinery rental service) with 40% subsidy up to ₹10 lakh per CHC. Farm Machinery Bank (FMB) scheme provides ₹10 lakh per group for SHG/FPO. State-level portals process applications. Application through agrimachinery.nic.in or state agriculture portal. Budget: ₹3,250 crore (2021-26). Target: 5 lakh CHC + 50,000 FMB.

National Career Service (NCS) Portal (ncs.gov.in) is India's largest online employment exchange and career development platform, launched in 2015 by the Ministry of Labour and Employment. It connects job seekers with employers, provides career counselling, skill development courses, apprenticeship opportunities, and internships — all FREE of cost. Over 1.4 crore registered job seekers, 2 lakh+ employers, and 20 lakh+ job vacancies listed. NCS also integrates with state employment exchanges, making registration valid across all states. Key features: Universal Account Number (UAN) for portability, Model Career Centres in districts, career counselling by trained counsellors, and skill gap assessment. Special focus on youth (18-35 years), women, PwD, and ex-servicemen. NCS Job Fair (Rozgar Mela) organised regularly. Integration with PM Internship Scheme 2026.

Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakaram (JSSK) is a central government initiative under the National Health Mission (NHM) that entitles ALL pregnant women delivering in government health facilities to absolutely FREE and cashless services — including C-section delivery, medicines, diagnostics (blood tests, ultrasound), diet, blood transfusion, and free transport (drop home after discharge). Launched on 1 June 2011, JSSK eliminates out-of-pocket expenses for pregnant women and sick newborns (0-30 days) at all government hospitals — district hospitals, CHCs, PHCs, and sub-centres. Key entitlements: (1) Free normal/C-section delivery; (2) Free medicines and implants; (3) Free diagnostics; (4) Free diet during hospital stay (3 days normal, 7 days C-section); (5) Free blood; (6) Free transport from home to facility and back; (7) Free treatment for sick newborn up to 30 days. Over 1.5 crore beneficiaries annually.

Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises (CGTMSE) is the backbone of collateral-free lending to MSMEs in India. It guarantees loans up to ₹5 crore from member banks and financial institutions to micro and small enterprises — without any collateral or third-party guarantee. CGTMSE covers 75-85% of the loan amount (up to 85% for micro enterprises, women entrepreneurs, NER/hilly states). The trust was set up jointly by the Ministry of MSME and SIDBI in 2000. Annual guarantee fee: 0.25-2.0% of the loan amount (subsidised for micro/women). Over 60 lakh guarantees issued worth ₹5 lakh crore+. Member Lending Institutions (MLIs): 130+ banks/NBFCs including PSBs, private banks, RRBs, SFBs, NBFCs. The borrower applies through the bank; the bank applies to CGTMSE for guarantee. New: CGTMSE 2.0 with enhanced limits.

AICTE Saksham (Scholarship for Aiding the Careers of Students with Specially-Abled Merits) is a scholarship scheme by the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) that provides ₹50,000 per year to Persons with Disability (PwD) pursuing undergraduate technical/engineering degree programmes at AICTE-approved institutions. The scholarship covers B.Tech, B.E., B.Arch, B.Pharma, HMCT, and other 4-year technical programmes. Eligibility: disability of 40% or more, family income ≤ ₹8 lakh per annum, admission to 1st year of AICTE-approved institution. Up to 1,000 scholarships awarded per year on merit. Application through National Scholarship Portal (scholarships.gov.in). Fresh and renewal applications accepted. Scholarship paid directly to student bank account.

Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme (IGNWPS) is a sub-scheme under the National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP), providing monthly pension to widows from BPL households. Central government contribution: ₹300/month (age 40-79) and ₹500/month (age 80+). Most states top up to ₹500-2,000/month from their own budget. Total beneficiaries: over 1.5 crore widows across India. Age eligibility: 40-79 years (widows below 40 are covered under state widow pension schemes). For widows aged 80+, the pension automatically merges with IGNOAPS (old age pension) at ₹500/month central contribution. States like UP (₹500/month), Rajasthan (₹750-1500/month), MP (₹600/month), WB (₹1,000/month) provide enhanced amounts. Pension paid via DBT directly to bank/post office account. Application through Gram Panchayat/Block Office or online on NSAP portal (nsap.nic.in) or state pension portal.

Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme (IGNDPS) is a sub-scheme of NSAP providing monthly pension to persons with severe or multiple disabilities (80%+ disability) from BPL households aged 18-79 years. Central government contribution: ₹300/month. States add their own contribution ranging from ₹200 to ₹1,200 more, making total pension ₹500-1,500/month depending on state. For disabled persons aged 80+, pension converts to IGNOAPS at ₹500/month central. Beneficiaries: over 15 lakh disabled persons. Covers all disability types: locomotor, visual, hearing, mental, multiple. Disability certificate of 80%+ from District Medical Board required. States like Maharashtra (₹600), MP (₹600), UP (₹500), Rajasthan (₹750-1,500) provide enhanced amounts. DBT to bank/PO account.

Maulana Azad National Fellowship (MANF) is a central government fellowship scheme for students belonging to notified minority communities (Muslim, Christian, Buddhist, Sikh, Parsi, Jain) pursuing M.Phil and PhD at recognised universities in India. Fellowship amount: ₹37,000/month for JRF (first 2 years) and ₹42,000/month for SRF (next 3 years), plus contingency allowance ₹10,000/year (Humanities/Social Sciences) and ₹12,000/year (Sciences). HRA as per university norms. Duration: up to 5 years total (2 years JRF + 3 years SRF). 756 new fellowships per year. Selection through NET-JRF score (UGC-NET or CSIR-NET). Implemented by University Grants Commission (UGC) on behalf of Ministry of Minority Affairs. Application on NSP/scholarship portal. Note: As per 2023 Supreme Court ruling and government review — verify current status before applying as scheme has had regulatory changes.

Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana (PMSSY) is a central government scheme under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare aimed at correcting regional imbalances in availability of affordable/reliable tertiary healthcare services in the country. Two main components: (1) Setting up new AIIMS (All India Institute of Medical Sciences) — 22 new AIIMS sanctioned (6 Phase I already established: Bhubaneswar, Bhopal, Patna, Jodhpur, Raipur, Rishikesh; Phase II-VII adding more). (2) Upgradation of Government Medical Colleges (GMCs) — super specialty services in 75 Government Medical Colleges. Budget allocation: ₹14,832 crore (revised). Phase-wise establishment: Phase I (6 AIIMS), Phase II (2 AIIMS), Phase III (3 AIIMS), Phase IV+ adding hospitals. Beneficiaries: All patients — especially those in underserved states (UP, Bihar, MP, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, NE states) who previously had to travel to Delhi/Mumbai for super specialty care. Free OPD at AIIMS. Emergency services free.

PM TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyan is India's mission to eliminate Tuberculosis (TB) by 2025 (revised to 2027). Under this, the Ni-kshay Poshan Yojana (NPY) provides ₹500/month direct cash support to all TB patients registered on the Ni-kshay portal for nutritional needs during their treatment. Additionally, Ni-kshay Mitra initiative allows individuals, organisations, and corporates to 'adopt' TB patients and provide nutrition support beyond government amount. NTEP (National TB Elimination Programme) provides free TB diagnosis and free medicines (Anti-TB drugs) at all government health facilities. TB patients also get free chest X-ray and CBNAAT/TrueNat molecular test. Social security benefit: DBT of ₹500/month throughout treatment duration (6 months to 2 years depending on TB type). 25 lakh+ TB patients registered on Ni-kshay. India aims to eliminate TB by 2027 (5 years ahead of global 2030 target).

National Food Security Mission (NFSM) is a centrally sponsored scheme under the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare launched in 2007 to increase production of Rice, Wheat, Pulses, Coarse Cereals, and Oilseeds through area expansion and productivity enhancement measures. NFSM provides subsidised seeds, micronutrients, soil amendment, farm machinery (seed drills, rotavators, zero-till machines), demonstration plots, and training to farmers in targeted districts. Five sub-missions: NFSM-Rice, NFSM-Wheat, NFSM-Pulses, NFSM-Coarse Cereals, NFSM-Commercial Crops. Beneficiaries: small and marginal farmers in 638 targeted districts. Seed subsidy: 50% of seed cost for certified seeds. Farm machinery: 50% subsidy (similar to SMAM). Soil health improvement: free lime/gypsum. Micro-irrigation support. Budget: ₹7,700 crore (2021-26). Target: Rice +25 MT, Wheat +8 MT, Pulses +4 MT.

Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH) is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme under the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare that covers development of horticulture — fruits, vegetables, flowers, roots and tubers, mushrooms, spices, aromatic plants, coconut, cashew, and bamboo. MIDH provides 40% to 90% subsidy for area expansion, nursery establishment, protected cultivation (greenhouse/polyhouse), post-harvest management, cold chain infrastructure, market linkage, and mechanisation. Key components: National Horticulture Mission (NHM) for states; Horticulture Mission for North East & Himalayan States (HMNEH); National Horticulture Board (NHB) for commercial horticulture. Polyhouse subsidy: up to ₹935/sqm (50% of cost). Drip/sprinkler irrigation: 40-50% subsidy. Cold storage: 35-50% subsidy. Over 25 lakh farmers benefit annually. Budget: ₹10,000 crore (2021-26).

Pradhan Mantri Karam Yogi Maan-Dhan (PM-KYMM) is a central government voluntary pension scheme for small traders, shopkeepers, and self-employed individuals with an annual turnover of up to ₹1.5 crore. Launched on 22 July 2019, PM-KYMM guarantees a minimum pension of ₹3,000/month after the age of 60 years. It is a contributory scheme: subscribers contribute ₹55-200/month (depending on entry age 18-40 years) and the government contributes an equal matching amount. On the subscriber's death, spouse gets 50% family pension. Not mandatory — purely voluntary. Registration through CSC centres (free). 35 lakh+ traders registered. Important: trades registered under GST with turnover ≤ ₹1.5 crore. Also not available to EPFO/ESIC/NPS members. Implemented by Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) and administered through maandhan.in portal.

The Indira Gandhi Scholarship for Single Girl Child is a UGC (University Grants Commission) scholarship scheme recognising the value of Single Girl Child and promoting higher education for girls who are the only child in their family. It provides ₹36,200 per year (₹3,100/month for 10 months + HRA as applicable) for Post-Graduate (PG) students. Duration: 2 years (for 2-year PG programme). The scholarship is available for full-time regular first-year PG courses at any recognised university. 3,000 scholarships awarded per year through merit-cum-means basis. Family income: no income limit specified. Eligibility: Indian woman student, only child of her parents (OR one of 2 girl children with no male sibling — check latest UGC guidelines), admission to 1st year PG. Application through NSP (scholarships.gov.in) or UGC portal. Note: This is the PG fellowship; the PhD-level Indira Gandhi Single Girl Child National Fellowship has separate guidelines (₹37,000/month for PhD).

Padho Pardesh is a central government scheme under the Ministry of Minority Affairs that provides interest subsidy on education loans for students from minority communities (Muslim, Christian, Sikh, Buddhist, Parsi, Jain) who take bank loans to pursue higher studies abroad — at Masters, M.Phil, or PhD level. The scheme pays the full interest on the education loan during the moratorium period (course duration + 1 year grace period). Post-moratorium, the student repays EMI normally. Family income limit: ₹6 lakh per annum. Loan through member banks of IBA (Indian Banks Association). No loan amount ceiling — but typically covers actual overseas tuition/living costs. Priority to students from economically weaker minority families. Applications through Maulana Azad Education Foundation (MAEF) via bank. Note: Scheme was under review/discontinued and later revised — verify current 2026 status at minorityaffairs.gov.in.

National Fellowship for Scheduled Castes (NFSC) is a central government scholarship scheme under the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment that provides full financial support to SC students pursuing M.Phil and PhD at universities and institutions recognized by UGC/AICTE. Fellowship amount mirrors UGC standards: JRF ₹37,000/month (first 2 years) and SRF ₹42,000/month (next 3 years), plus contingency allowance (₹10,000/year Humanities, ₹12,000/year Sciences). HRA as per university. 2,000 new fellowships per year. Selection through NET-JRF qualification (UGC-NET, CSIR-NET, SET). Application on NSP (scholarships.gov.in). Not to be combined with other central fellowships. Open to all SC students — not limited to specific disciplines. Up to 5 years duration. Administered by UGC.

National Fellowship for Scheduled Tribes (NFST) is a central government scheme under the Ministry of Tribal Affairs providing full financial fellowship to ST students pursuing M.Phil and PhD at UGC-recognised institutions. Amount: JRF ₹37,000/month (2 years) + SRF ₹42,000/month (3 years) + contingency ₹10,000/year (Humanities) or ₹12,000/year (Sciences) + HRA. Duration: 5 years. 667 new fellowships per year. Selection through UGC-NET-JRF or CSIR-NET-JRF score. Application through NSP/scholarships.gov.in or tribal.gov.in. Not combinable with any other central fellowship. Covers all disciplines. Implemented by UGC on behalf of Ministry of Tribal Affairs. Primarily targeted at reducing the PhD dropout rate among tribal students by providing financial security.

National AYUSH Mission (NAM) is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme under the Ministry of AYUSH that promotes traditional Indian medicine systems — Ayurveda, Yoga & Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, Sowa-Rigpa, and Homeopathy (AYUSH) — across India. Key components: (1) AYUSH hospitals and dispensaries — over 27,000 AYUSH dispensaries and 4,000+ hospitals operational with free medicines; (2) Ayushman Bharat Health and Wellness Centres (HWCs) integrating AYUSH services; (3) AYUSH education institutions development; (4) Quality and standardisation of AYUSH drugs; (5) AYUSH mainstreaming in PHC/CHC. Citizens benefit: Free OPD consultation, free Ayurvedic/Homeopathic/Unani medicines at government AYUSH centres, yoga sessions, panchakarma at empanelled centres. Budget: ₹4,607 crore (2021-26). 50 Wellness Centres for yoga in every district under AYUSH Wellness Centres programme.

Scheme of Fund for Regeneration of Traditional Industries (SFURTI) is a central government scheme under the Ministry of MSME that organises traditional industry workers — in khadi, coir, bamboo, honey, agarbatti, handloom, pottery, etc. — into clusters and provides funding for their development and modernisation. SFURTI provides: Hard interventions (machinery, tools, equipment — up to ₹2 crore); Soft interventions (skill development, design, quality, packaging — up to ₹25 lakh); Thematic interventions (technology upgradation, brand, marketing — up to ₹10 lakh). Per cluster total: up to ₹2.5 crore regular cluster or ₹5 crore heritage cluster. Implementing Agencies (IAs): KVIC, Coir Board, state government agencies, NGOs. 50 artisan clusters covered per year. Target artisans: 50,000+ per year. Artisans need not apply directly — their cluster/IA applies. Artisans benefit through improved equipment, market access, fair wages.

Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakaram (RBSK) is a national child health screening and early intervention programme under the National Health Mission (NHM) launched in 2013. RBSK covers ALL children from birth to 18 years — including newborns (0-6 weeks), Anganwadi children (6 weeks-6 years), and school children (6-18 years) — for FREE health screening across 4D categories: Defects at birth, Diseases, Deficiencies, and Developmental delays including disabilities. 30 health conditions are screened including Congenital Heart Disease (CHD), club foot, cleft lip, cataracts, sickle cell disease, hearing impairment, vision defects, dental issues, anaemia, growth stunting, and more. Mobile Health Teams (MHTs) — 2 doctors/AYUSH practitioners, 4 ANMs/staff nurses — visit schools and Anganwadis. If a condition is detected, children are referred to District Early Intervention Centres (DEIC) for FREE treatment, including surgery if needed (funded by NHM). Over 10 crore children screened annually.

Nirbhaya Fund is a non-lapsable corpus of ₹10,000 crore set up by the Government of India in 2013 (post the December 2012 Delhi gang-rape case) to fund projects and schemes for the safety and dignity of women. The fund is not a direct-benefit scheme — it finances government-run safety infrastructure. Projects funded under Nirbhaya Fund include: One Stop Centres (OSC Sakhi) — 800+ crisis support centres; Emergency Response Support System (ERSS) — Dial 112; Safe City projects in 8 cities; CCTV cameras in public transport; Women Helpline 181; Criminal Law Amendment; Fast Track Courts for sexual assault; Central Victim Compensation Fund (CVCF). Citizens benefit indirectly — through better safety infrastructure, faster courts, and direct services like OSC (free shelter + legal aid) and Women Helpline 181.

Mahila Shakti Kendra (MSK) is a centrally sponsored scheme under the Ministry of Women and Child Development launched in 2017 as part of the umbrella Mission Shakti. MSKs provide a one-stop convergence point for women in rural areas — connecting them to government schemes, skills training, health services, legal aid, digital literacy, and market linkage. MSKs operate at three levels: National/State level (Knowledge Centres at NIPCCD/SIRDs), District level (Women Resource Centres at 640 aspirational/backward districts), and Block level (community mobilisation through 920 blocks). Student volunteers engage with village communities. Key services: Awareness of government schemes (PMJDY, PM Ujjwala, PM Awas), skill training referral, registration for welfare schemes, counselling, health camps. Budget: ₹972 crore (2017-22, extended to 2025-26).

Working Women Hostel Scheme is a central government scheme under the Ministry of Women and Child Development that promotes construction and expansion of hostels for working women (including widows) living away from home in urban, semi-urban, and rural areas. The scheme provides grant assistance to NGOs, cooperative societies, state governments, municipal bodies, and state housing boards for building/expanding Working Women Hostels. Grant: up to 75% of project cost (max ₹60 lakh for new hostel) or up to 60% for expansion. Each hostel must have at least 50 rooms. Facilities mandated: crèche (day care) for children up to 5 years of residents, common area, security, mess. Rent subsidy: women with income ≤ ₹50,000/month can stay; those with income ≤ ₹20,000/month may get priority. Hostel managed by the grantee organisation. Over 900 operational hostels across India. To find nearest hostel: contact State WCD department.

National Crèche Scheme (NCS) is a central government programme under the Ministry of Women and Child Development that provides day-care facilities (crèches) for children aged 6 months to 6 years of working mothers — including daily wage earners, construction workers, domestic workers, farmers, and other women in employment. Crèches are run by NGOs, civil society organisations, and self-help groups with central funding. Services at each crèche: day care, supplementary nutrition, health check-ups, immunisation, pre-school education, recreational activities. Monthly parent contribution: ₹20/child (BPL) or ₹100/child (non-BPL). Government pays ₹5,000-8,000 per crèche per month to the operating organisation. Over 9,000 crèches operational covering 1.35 lakh children. In 2023, the scheme was revised under 'Mission Shakti — Supporting Urban, Rural and Sub-urban Working Women with a Child Care Facility (SUWC)' name with enhanced funding.

Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya (JNV) is the Government of India's flagship FREE residential school scheme for talented rural children. 661 JNV schools across India, one per district. Provides FREE education + boarding + meals + uniforms + books from Class 6 to 12 in CBSE curriculum. Admission via JNV Selection Test (JNVST) for Class 6 (Class 9 lateral entry also available). 80% seats reserved for rural students. SC/ST/OBC/Girl reservations apply. Over 3 lakh students attend JNVs.

Sainik Schools are 33 fully-residential CBSE-affiliated schools across India established to prepare students for the National Defence Academy (NDA) and other military service entries. Admission via All India Sainik Schools Entrance Examination (AISSEE) for Class 6 and Class 9. State governments provide scholarships covering full fees for SC/ST/OBC/EWS students. Even general students get partial subsidy (up to ₹15,000/year for general; ₹25,000-₹40,000 for SC/ST). Strong tradition — many alumni become Army officers, IAS, IPS.

Free Coaching Scheme for SC/ST/OBC Students is the Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment's central scheme providing FREE coaching at top private institutes for SC/ST/OBC students preparing for: UPSC Civil Services, IIT-JEE, NEET, CAT, CLAT, GATE, Bank PO/Clerk, SSC, Railway, NDA, CDS. Plus monthly stipend ₹6,000-₹8,000. Family income ≤ ₹8 lakh. Empanelled institutes include Akash, Vajiram & Ravi, FIITJEE, Career Launcher etc. Aim: bridge coaching access gap for marginalised students.

Kishore Vaigyanik Protsahan Yojana (KVPY) was India's flagship national fellowship for school students (Class 11-12) and undergraduate students pursuing pure science (B.Sc/Int.MSc) at recognized Indian institutions. Run by Department of Science & Technology (DST) since 1999. Provided ₹5,000-₹7,000/month + ₹20,000-₹28,000 annual contingency. **DISCONTINUED IN 2022** — KVPY merged into INSPIRE Scholarship Scheme for Higher Education (SHE) administered by DST. Students who were KVPY fellows continue to receive their fellowships. New applicants should apply to INSPIRE.

CSIR Junior Research Fellowship (CSIR-JRF) is the Council of Scientific & Industrial Research's fellowship for PhD researchers at CSIR's 38 national laboratories (NCL, IICB, IICT, CFTRI, NPL, etc.) and recognized universities. Awarded to candidates who clear CSIR-UGC NET with JRF rank. ₹37,000/month (JRF, 2 years) + ₹42,000/month (SRF, 3 years) for 5-year PhD. Plus annual contingency ₹20,000. Critical for science research career.

Department of Biotechnology Junior Research Fellowship (DBT-JRF) is awarded to top performers in DBT-JRF Biotechnology Eligibility Test (BET) for PhD research in life sciences / biotechnology / molecular biology. ₹37,000/month (JRF) → ₹42,000/month (SRF) for 5 years + research contingency. ~275 fellowships per year (Category I: 225, Category II: 50). For research at top Indian institutes including ICGEB, NII, CDFD, IISc, etc.

Indian Council of Medical Research Junior Research Fellowship (ICMR-JRF) is awarded to top performers in ICMR-JRF Entrance Examination for PhD research at ICMR's 26 institutes + other medical research centres. Subjects: Biomedical sciences, Public Health, Medical Statistics, Health Economics. ₹37,000/month (JRF) → ₹42,000/month (SRF) for 5-year PhD + annual contingency. ~50-60 fellowships per year. Highly prestigious for medical research career.

AICTE Yashasvi Scholarship Scheme is a merit-based scholarship for engineering, diploma, and management students enrolled in AICTE-approved institutions. Provides ₹12,000/year for Diploma students and ₹18,000/year for UG (BE/BTech) and PG students. Aimed at supporting meritorious students from economically weaker sections (family income ≤ ₹8 lakh/year). About 50,000+ scholarships awarded annually. Apply online at AICTE National Scholarship Portal (NSP — scholarships.gov.in) every year between October-December. Direct DBT transfer to Aadhaar-linked bank account.

National Overseas Scholarship Scheme for OBC and EBC (Economically Backward Class) students provides financial assistance to pursue Master's and PhD courses abroad at top 500 QS-ranked foreign universities. Annual maintenance allowance (~$15,400/year), full tuition fee reimbursement, equipment allowance, visa fee, one-time airfare (economy class). Total benefit up to ₹40 lakh per student over the course. Around 70 scholarships per year (50 OBC + 20 EBC). Administered by Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment. Family income ≤ ₹8 lakh/year. Apply online when notification released (usually February-March).

Prime Minister's Scholarship Scheme (PMSS) for the wards and widows of Ex-Servicemen and Ex-Coast Guard personnel — administered by the Kendriya Sainik Board (KSB), Ministry of Defence. Boys receive ₹2,500/month and Girls receive ₹3,000/month for a maximum of 5 years (depending on course duration). 5,500 fresh scholarships per year. For Professional Courses: Engineering, Medical, Dental, Veterinary, MBA, BBA, BCA, MCA, Law, Architecture, Pharmacy etc. at recognized Indian institutions. Apply online at ksb.gov.in/pmss every August-October.

National Scholarship for Persons with Disabilities (NSPwD) is a central government scheme for students with 40%+ benchmark disability pursuing technical, professional, and academic courses post-Class 10. Provides Maintenance Allowance: ₹500/month (Day Scholar) or ₹2,500/month (Hosteller) + Course Fee reimbursement up to ₹10,000 per year + ₹6,000 reader allowance for visually impaired. Around 5,500 scholarships per year. Two streams: Pre-Matric (Class 9-10) and Post-Matric (Class 11 to PhD). Administered by Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (DEPwD), Ministry of Social Justice. Apply online at scholarships.gov.in.

Indian Council for Cultural Relations (ICCR) Scholarship Scheme is offered by the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) for foreign nationals to pursue UG, PG, MPhil, and PhD studies at Indian universities and institutes. Around 22 schemes covering ~3,940 scholarships per year for students from 140+ countries. Benefits: Full tuition fee + Monthly Living Allowance (₹18,000 UG, ₹20,000 PG, ₹22,000 MPhil/PhD) + Hostel/House Rent + Annual Contingency + Thesis allowance + Medical benefit + Economy class airfare. Specially aimed at strengthening India's cultural diplomacy. Apply on Admissions to Alumni Portal (A2A — a2ascholarships.iccr.gov.in) every year between February-April.

National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) Scholarship Scheme provides financial assistance to meritorious open school learners. Multiple sub-schemes: NIOS Topper Scholarship for Class 10 and Class 12 top scorers (₹5,000-₹15,000 one-time), NIOS Scholarship for Persons with Disabilities (PwD — full fee waiver + ₹3,000/year), and Scholarship for SC/ST/OBC Single Girl Child + Below Poverty Line learners (50-100% fee exemption + maintenance allowance). For learners studying Secondary (Class 10), Senior Secondary (Class 12), and Open Vocational Education Programme (OVEP) through NIOS. Around 1.5 lakh learners benefit annually. Apply through NIOS regional centre or online portal during course registration period.

Prime Minister's Scheme for Mentoring Young Authors (PM YUVA) — administered by the Ministry of Education through the National Book Trust (NBT) — is an author mentorship programme to nurture young writers under 30 years. Selected authors get ₹50,000/month consolidated scholarship for 6 months under mentorship + 10% royalty on published book sales. 75 young authors selected annually under different themes. Books are published in Hindi, English, and 22 Indian languages by NBT. PM YUVA 3.0 (announced 2024-25 for FY2025-26) focuses on themes like 'Vision of India @ 2047', 'Indian Knowledge Systems', and 'Indian Democracy'. Apply through innovateindia.mygov.in on theme launch.

Maulana Azad Education Foundation (MAEF) is an autonomous body under the Ministry of Minority Affairs that provides scholarships to meritorious girl students belonging to notified minority communities (Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis). The MAEF Girls' Scholarship Scheme (the main scheme) provides ₹12,000 one-time scholarship to Class 11 girl students who scored 55%+ in Class 10. The MAEF Begum Hazrat Mahal Girls' Scholarship pays ₹6,000-₹12,000/year. The scheme aims at increasing female literacy and reducing dropouts among minority girls. Around 30,000+ girls benefit annually. Apply online at maef.nic.in.

PM RAHAT (Road Accident Victim Hospitalization and Assured Treatment), launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 13 February 2026, provides cashless emergency medical treatment up to ₹1.5 lakh per victim for road accident injuries — for the first 7 days from the date of accident. The scheme covers any road accident victim on any category of road across India, including hit-and-run cases. Treatment is provided at hospitals empanelled under Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY. Stabilization care is guaranteed for up to 24 hours in non-life-threatening cases and up to 48 hours in life-threatening cases. Hospitals are reimbursed through the Motor Vehicle Accident Fund (MVAF) — funded by insurance company contributions and government allocation for uninsured/hit-and-run cases. PM RAHAT is integrated with the ERSS 112 emergency response system and is a landmark golden-hour intervention designed to save lives lost annually on Indian roads due to delayed care.

Mission Saksham Anganwadi and POSHAN 2.0 is India's flagship nutrition programme — one of the world's largest — bringing together ICDS Anganwadi Services, Supplementary Nutrition Programme, the original POSHAN Abhiyaan, the Scheme for Adolescent Girls, and the National Crèche Scheme. POSHAN 2.0 covers nearly 9 crore beneficiaries through 14 lakh+ Anganwadi Centres across India. Beneficiaries include pregnant women, lactating mothers, children below 6 years, and adolescent girls (14–18 years). The Poshan Tracker app (launched March 2021) provides near real-time data on Anganwadi attendance, ECCE activities, growth monitoring, and home visits. Mission POSHAN 2.0 received ₹21,960 crore in the Union Budget 2025–26 and is a key intervention to address stunting, wasting, and anaemia among India's vulnerable populations.

Ayushman Bharat – Health and Wellness Centres (AB-HWC), now also known as Ayushman Arogya Mandir (AAM), are the foundational pillar of India's Universal Health Coverage vision launched in February 2018. Over 1.7 lakh existing Sub-Centres and Primary Health Centres have been upgraded into HWCs to deliver Comprehensive Primary Health Care (CPHC) closer to communities. AAM centres provide 12 service packages including maternal and child health, communicable and non-communicable disease (NCD) screening (hypertension, diabetes, oral/breast/cervical cancer), mental health support, basic eye/ENT care, geriatric care, palliative care, dental care, yoga sessions, and tele-consultation through eSanjeevani. The scheme also provides free essential drugs (40+ medicines) and free diagnostic services (14+ tests) at the doorstep level — a major shift from selective primary care to comprehensive primary care.

Anaemia Mukt Bharat (AMB) is the Government of India's flagship intensified national strategy to combat anaemia — implemented through a 6×6×6 framework (6 target beneficiary groups, 6 interventions, 6 institutional mechanisms). Launched under the Anaemia Mukt Bharat Operational Guidelines, AMB targets children aged 6 months to 19 years, pregnant women, lactating mothers, and women of reproductive age (15–49 years). Interventions include prophylactic Iron Folic Acid (IFA) supplementation in age-appropriate doses, biannual deworming (Albendazole), intensified Behaviour Change Communication, testing using digital haemoglobinometers at Anganwadis and HWCs, and treatment of severe anaemia at PHCs/CHCs. Implementation is via ASHAs, ANMs, and Anganwadi Workers under National Health Mission. AMB is critical to reducing India's high anaemia prevalence (57% in women aged 15–49) and is integrated with POSHAN 2.0 and the Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health (RMNCAH) programme.

Niramaya is a specialized health insurance scheme launched by the National Trust under the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment for persons with disabilities specifically covered under the National Trust Act, 1999 — namely autism, cerebral palsy, intellectual disability, and multiple disabilities. The scheme provides comprehensive health coverage up to ₹1 lakh per year on a reimbursement basis, with NO age limit (children, adults, and senior citizens are all eligible). Niramaya covers OPD, regular medical checkups for non-ailing disabled, dental and preventive dentistry, hospitalization, corrective surgeries (including congenital disability), ongoing therapies to reduce disability impact, and AYUSH treatments. The 2026-27 policy year enrolment commenced on 1 February 2026, with e-cards available from 15 April 2026. Premium is just ₹250 per year for BPL/low-income families (income below ₹15,000/month) and ₹500 for those above this threshold. Niramaya is applied for through Registered Organisations (ROs) authorised by the National Trust.

Ex-Servicemen Contributory Health Scheme (ECHS), approved on 30 December 2002 and launched on 1 April 2003, provides comprehensive medical care to all retired Armed Forces personnel drawing pension and their dependents through a network of 427+ ECHS polyclinics, service medical facilities, government hospitals, and empanelled civil hospitals across India. ECHS members are issued a 64 KB Smart Card containing personal details, dependents, and medical history. The scheme covers OPD consultation, hospitalization, diagnostics, surgeries, medicines, and specialist care — at no cost to the veteran. Eligible beneficiaries include the ESM pensioner, spouse, dependent unemployed/unmarried/divorced/widowed daughters, dependent unmarried sons up to 25 years, handicapped children, and dependent parents. As of 2026, CSD Smart Cards no longer require annual renewal — they are valid for 10 years until expiry. The scheme is administered by the Department of Ex-Servicemen Welfare under the Ministry of Defence.

The Canteen Stores Department (CSD) Smart Card is the identification card issued by the Indian Armed Forces that allows serving personnel, ex-servicemen (veterans), war widows, and eligible dependents to purchase groceries, household goods, lifestyle products, and liquor at Unit Run Canteens (URC) and CSD canteens across India at significantly subsidized rates (typically 15–50% below market price). Launched as a digital identification programme in 2017, the CSD Smart Card now has online application via csdsmartcard.co.in. The 2026 updates include: discontinuation of annual renewal (cards now valid till 10-year expiry); ability to purchase both grocery and liquor from any URC; provision to buy 2 months' quota of grocery and liquor in one month; and CSD AFD (Against Firm Demand) for big-ticket items like cars and electronics at exclusive discounted rates. Cards are delivered within 7–20 days via courier directly to home address.

The Army Welfare Housing Organisation (AWHO) is a registered society formed in December 1978 under the Societies Registration Act XXI of 1860 with the singular mission to construct and allot quality dwelling units to serving and retired Army personnel, their widows, and parents of unmarried fatal casualties — at the most affordable rates possible. AWHO operates on a no-profit-no-loss basis under the aegis of the Adjutant General's Branch of the Indian Army. Projects are spread across North, South, East, West zones and NCR — including flats, duplex units, plots, and independent villas. AWHO offers significant savings of 15–25% versus market rates due to bulk land procurement, military engineering services, and zero developer margin. Selected projects also accommodate Air Force, Navy, and Coast Guard personnel subject to availability. Application is online at awhosena.in with project-specific draws conducted transparently. AWHO has delivered 50,000+ dwelling units across 70+ projects in 4+ decades.

The Deendayal Disabled Rehabilitation Scheme (DDRS) is a central sector scheme of the Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (DEPwD) under the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment that provides grant-in-aid to NGOs and voluntary organizations for projects that rehabilitate persons with disabilities. The scheme covers 21 disabilities listed under the RPwD Act 2016 (visual, hearing, speech, locomotor, intellectual, mental illness, autism, cerebral palsy, leprosy, dwarfism, muscular dystrophy, multiple disabilities, etc.). Eligible projects include cross-disability pre-school and early intervention, special schools for hearing/visual/other disabilities, vocational training centres, home-based rehabilitation, half-way homes, day-care centres, model school for inclusive education, and braille press units. Grant covers 90% of cost-norms for regular areas and 100% in special areas (North-East, hilly regions, LWE-affected districts). NGOs apply online through NGO Darpan + e-Anudaan portal. The scheme is the backbone of NGO-led disability service delivery across India.

The National Handicapped Finance and Development Corporation (NHFDC), also called National Divyangjan Finance and Development Corporation (NDFDC), is a non-profit company under Section 25 of the Companies Act, 1956, established by the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment in 1997 to economically empower persons with disabilities (PwDs) by providing concessional loans at low interest rates for self-employment, business ventures, and higher education. NHFDC channels funds through State Channelizing Agencies (SCAs) nominated by State Governments — covers all 21 disabilities under RPwD Act 2016 with 40%+ benchmark disability. Loan amounts range from ₹5 lakh (small business / shop) to ₹50 lakh (large enterprise) at interest rates of 5–8% per annum — substantially below commercial bank rates. Educational loans up to ₹10 lakh (India) / ₹20 lakh (abroad) at just 3.5% interest are available for PwD students. Special concessions for women PwDs, parents of PwD children, and SC/ST PwDs.

The Production Linked Incentive (PLI) Scheme, launched in 2020 with a total incentive outlay of ₹1.91 lakh crore, is the Government of India's flagship manufacturing reform — rewarding eligible companies with cash incentives of 4% to 18% on incremental sales of goods manufactured in India over a defined base year. PLI is implemented across 14 strategic sectors: mobile manufacturing, large-scale electronics, IT hardware, pharmaceuticals, bulk drugs, medical devices, automobiles & auto components, advanced chemistry cells (ACC) for EV batteries, solar PV modules, drones & drone components, telecom & networking products, white goods (ACs and LEDs), textiles (man-made fibre & technical), speciality steel, and food processing. As of December 2025, PLI has attracted ₹2.16 lakh crore investment, ₹20.41 lakh crore production/sales, ₹8.3 lakh crore exports, and created 14.39 lakh direct + indirect jobs — with ₹28,748 crore already disbursed as incentives. The scheme is administered sector-wise by respective line ministries (MeitY, DoP, MoCIT, etc.) and is a critical pillar of the Make in India and Atmanirbhar Bharat agenda.

MSME Sustainable (ZED) Certification, also known as Zero Defect Zero Effect, is a flagship Government of India scheme designed to improve quality, productivity, and environmental sustainability of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The scheme certifies MSMEs at three levels — Bronze (entry-level for first-time applicants), Silver (for ISO-certified MSMEs), and Gold (for export-oriented mature MSMEs). After taking the free ZED Pledge, MSMEs can apply online for any certification level. Government provides certification cost subsidies: 80% for Micro Enterprises, 60% for Small Enterprises, and 50% for Medium Enterprises — with additional incentives for Women/SC/ST entrepreneurs and SFURTI members. ZED-certified MSMEs also get 85% enhanced credit guarantee coverage under CGTMSE plus 10% discount on guarantee fee, preference in government tenders (₹1 crore+ procurement), and improved branding as a quality-certified supplier. MSMEs receive a ₹10,000 reward just for signing the ZED Pledge — usable to apply for any certification level.

The National Career Service (NCS) is a flagship mission-mode project under the Ministry of Labour and Employment that operates as India's official free online job portal — ncs.gov.in. NCS connects job seekers, employers, training providers, career counsellors, and placement organisations on a single digital platform. Services include: free job seeker registration, vacancy alerts via SMS/email matching candidate profile, online job application, career counselling at 200+ Model Career Centres (MCCs) across India, free skill training (in partnership with TCS iON, NSDC, and others), aptitude testing, and job fairs/placement drives. NCS covers 52 sectors with detailed career information in video and text format. The portal has registered 4+ crore job seekers and 60+ lakh employers as of 2026. All services are completely free — NCS does not charge any fee at registration, application, interview, or placement stages.

Support to Training and Employment Programme for Women (STEP), launched by the Ministry of Women and Child Development, is a key Government of India scheme that empowers women aged 16 years and above by providing skill training in employment-relevant sectors as well as entrepreneurship development training. The scheme is implemented through Public Sector Organisations, District Rural Development Agencies (DRDAs), Federations, Cooperatives, and registered Voluntary Organisations (NGOs). STEP covers skill training in sectors such as Agriculture & Horticulture, Food Processing, Handlooms & Handicrafts, Tailoring, Stitching, Embroidery, Zari work, Computer & IT-enabled services, Gems & Jewellery, Travel & Tourism, Hospitality, and Spoken English — combining technical skills with soft skills, workplace readiness, and entrepreneurship know-how. Project grants of up to ₹2 crore per project per year are given to approved organisations to train 50–500 women each. The aim is to make women economically independent through wage employment or self-employment.

Mahila e-Haat is a unique direct online marketing platform launched by the Ministry of Women and Child Development through the Rashtriya Mahila Kosh (RMK) — exclusively for women entrepreneurs, women's Self-Help Groups (SHGs), and women-led NGOs/cooperatives to showcase and sell their handmade and unique products to buyers across India. The platform eliminates middlemen, ensuring that women retain maximum profits from their sales. Mahila e-Haat allows free listing — there is NO registration fee, listing fee, or commission charged by the government. The platform has onboarded 3 lakh+ women entrepreneurs since launch and supports products in 18+ categories: handicrafts, textile and clothing, jewellery, home decor, bags and accessories, ready-to-eat foods, organic produce, ayurvedic and herbal products, gift items, paintings and artwork, and more. Buyers transact directly with the seller via her contact details; Mahila e-Haat acts purely as a discovery platform.

Pradhan Mantri Van Dhan Yojana (PMVDY), launched on 14 April 2018 under TRIFED (Tribal Cooperative Marketing Development Federation of India), is a flagship tribal livelihood programme that promotes value-addition and entrepreneurship in Minor Forest Produce (MFP). The scheme establishes Van Dhan Vikas Kendras (VDVKs) — each cluster comprising 15 tribal Self-Help Groups (SHGs) of 20 tribal NTFP gatherers/artisans each (300 beneficiaries per VDVK Cluster). TRIFED funds 100% of each VDVK at ₹15 lakh per cluster, with tribal gatherers contributing ₹1,000 per member for ownership. VDVKs procure forest produce (tendu leaves, mahua, gum, honey, bamboo, lac, herbs, tamarind, etc.) at MSP, add value through processing (sorting, grading, packaging, branding), and sell to local/national/global buyers. PMVDY has established 50,000+ VDVKs targeting 10 lakh tribal entrepreneurs and supports tribal MFP gatherers — whose 40-60% of annual income depends on forest produce. Operational across 22+ States/UTs.

Saansad Adarsh Gram Yojana (SAGY) is a rural development programme launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 11 October 2014 (Loknayak Jayaprakash Narayan's birth anniversary) — under which every Member of Parliament (Lok Sabha & Rajya Sabha) adopts one Gram Panchayat and develops it into an Adarsh Gram (Model Village). Each MP must develop one village by 2019, two more by 2024, and another five villages by 2024-29 (one per year). Inspired by Mahatma Gandhi's vision of an ideal Indian village, SAGY focuses on holistic development covering personal development, social development, human development, economic development, environmental development, basic amenities, social security, and good governance. The Village Development Plan (VDP) is drafted by a working group based on people's needs prioritised in Gram Sabha. Implementation is through convergence of all Central and State government schemes (MGNREGA, PMAY, PMGSY, Jal Jeevan Mission, etc.) and Public-Voluntary-Cooperative (PVC) partnerships. Approved at Gram Sabha + District Level Committee under District Collector.

National Safai Karamcharis Finance & Development Corporation (NSKFDC), set up on 24 January 1997 under the Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment, is a 'Not for Profit' Government of India company that serves as the Apex Corporation for socio-economic upliftment of Safai Karamcharis, Scavengers, and their dependents across India. NSKFDC operates the Self Employment Scheme for Rehabilitation of Manual Scavengers (SRMS) under the Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers and their Rehabilitation Act, 2013 — providing ₹3.25 lakh one-time cash subsidy plus concessional loans for alternative livelihood. NSKFDC also offers term loans for small business setup (up to ₹15 lakh at 6% interest), Mahila Samriddhi Yojana loans for Safai Karamchari women (up to ₹50,000 at 5%), Education Loan (up to ₹10 lakh for India / ₹20 lakh abroad at 4%), and Micro Credit Finance Scheme (up to ₹50,000 at 5%). Channelized through State Channelizing Agencies (SCAs), Regional Rural Banks (RRBs), and Nationalised Banks.

Integrated Programme for Older Persons (IPOP), launched in 1992 and renamed as 'Atal Vayo Abhyuday Yojana (AVYAY)' in 2020, is a central sector scheme of the Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment providing grant-in-aid to Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs), State Governments, Panchayati Raj Institutions, and Local Bodies for various services targeting senior citizens (aged 60+ years). IPOP funds: (1) OAH — Old Age Homes (24x7 residential care for destitute elderly), (2) Day Care Centres (for elderly with no daytime caregiver), (3) Mobile Medicare Units (medical services to bedridden/distant elderly), (4) Multi-Service Centres for Older Persons, (5) Helplines for Senior Citizens (1090, Elderline 14567), and (6) Continuous Care Homes for Bedridden Elderly. The scheme is demand-driven with grant-in-aid covering up to 90% of operational cost (NGO contributes 10%) — disbursed through the e-Anudaan portal. IPOP is complemented by the Rashtriya Vayoshri Yojana (RVY) which gives free assistive devices (walking sticks, hearing aids, wheelchairs, dentures) to BPL elderly.

Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Urban Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NULM), launched by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs in 2014, is the urban counterpart of the DAY-NRLM (rural) and the largest urban poverty alleviation programme in India. DAY-NULM operates across 4,372+ cities and statutory towns and has 7 components: (1) Social Mobilisation & Institution Development (SHG formation, Area Level Federations) with ₹10,000 revolving fund per SHG; (2) Capacity Building & Training; (3) Employment through Skill Training & Placement (EST&P) — short-term skill courses + placement assistance; (4) Self-Employment Programme (SEP) — Mudra-style loans at 7% interest + interest subvention; (5) Support to Urban Street Vendors (PM-SVANidhi linkage — institutional credit, vending zones, social security, skills); (6) Scheme of Shelter for Urban Homeless (SUH); (7) Innovative & Special Projects. As of 2026, 9+ lakh urban SHGs are functional with 90+ lakh women members; 12 lakh+ urban poor have been skilled and placed in jobs; 1+ crore Mudra-linked self-employment loans disbursed.

Army Group Insurance Fund (AGIF), established in 1976, is the welfare insurance and savings cooperative for Indian Army personnel (officers, JCOs, ORs) — providing life insurance cover up to ₹75 lakh (officers) / ₹60 lakh (JCOs/ORs) at extremely low premium. AGIF operates 4 main schemes: (1) Group Insurance — mandatory life cover; (2) Maturity Benefit — accumulated savings paid on retirement; (3) Housing Loan — interest-free / low-interest home loans up to ₹35 lakh for serving officers; (4) Special Family Pension — for widows of personnel killed in action. AGIF is administered by the Adjutant General's Branch, Indian Army. Similar parallel funds exist for Navy (NGIF) and Air Force (AFGIF). On retirement, personnel receive accumulated savings + insurance bonus. AGIF has paid out ₹50,000+ crore in benefits since inception with ~12+ lakh active members.

Army Welfare Education Society (AWES) is the Indian Army's flagship educational welfare body — running 137 Army Public Schools (APS) across India that provide quality CBSE education to children of serving Army personnel, ex-servicemen, and civilian families (when seats are available). APS schools are recognised among India's best — many feature in top 200 CBSE schools nationally. AWES also operates: (1) Welfare Scholarships for ESM children pursuing higher education (₹5,000-₹25,000/year); (2) College of Engineering (Pune, Hyderabad) for ESM-children; (3) Army Institute of Management (AIM Kolkata), Army Institute of Technology (AIT Pune); (4) Special Scholarships for war widows' children. Established 1983 under the aegis of Adjutant General's Branch. APS schools admit children of Army personnel on PRIORITY 1, ex-servicemen on PRIORITY 2, and civilian children on PRIORITY 3 (subject to vacancy). Around 2.5 lakh students study in APS schools.

Rajya Sainik Board (RSB), under the Department of Sainik Welfare in each state, is the state-level implementation body for welfare of ex-servicemen (ESM), war widows, and their dependents. RSB operates ~600 Zila Sainik Welfare Offices (ZSWO) across India — providing 30+ welfare schemes including: state government job reservations (1-10% in most states), housing allotment in govt schemes, free/subsidised medical care, scholarships for ESM children (₹10K-₹1L/year), monetary grants for marriage/funeral/medical emergencies, business loans (₹5L-₹50L at concessional rates), and assistance with PPO, pension, and ECHS-related matters. RSB also coordinates with state authorities for ESM placement (especially in security services, Group D government jobs). Each state has different benefit amounts — e.g., Haryana provides higher state grants vs other states for war widows. Total ESM beneficiaries: 25+ lakh families across India.

Swavlamban Health Insurance Scheme, launched in 2014 by the Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (DEPwD) under the Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment, provides comprehensive health insurance up to ₹2 lakh per year (recently enhanced from ₹1 lakh) to persons with disabilities under all 21 categories of the RPwD Act 2016. Unlike Niramaya (which covers only 4 disabilities under National Trust Act), Swavlamban covers ALL 21 disabilities including visual, hearing, locomotor, intellectual, autism, cerebral palsy, mental illness, muscular dystrophy, multiple disabilities, dwarfism, sickle cell, leprosy, and more. Premium: FREE for families with annual income up to ₹3 lakh; ₹500/year for ₹3-6 lakh income; ₹1,000/year for higher incomes. Coverage: hospitalisation, surgeries, OPD, diagnostics, medications, prosthetic devices, rehabilitation — including disability-specific conditions usually excluded by regular insurance. Issued via New India Assurance and 3 other PSU insurers. UDID Card mandatory.

Sugamya Bharat Abhiyan (Accessible India Campaign), launched on 3 December 2015 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, is the Government of India's flagship initiative to make built environment, transportation, ICT (Information & Communication Technology), and services universally accessible to persons with disabilities (Divyangjan) and senior citizens. The scheme targets 3 verticals: (1) BUILT ENVIRONMENT — 50%+ of government buildings, public spaces, airports, railway stations, bus terminals made accessible (ramps, lifts, tactile paving, braille signage); (2) TRANSPORT — all new buses, trains, aircraft mandated to have accessibility features; (3) ICT — all government websites Section 508/WCAG compliant for screen readers. Progress: 95% of A1, A, B category railway stations are now accessible; 1,500+ govt websites are accessibility-compliant. Implemented by DEPwD under MoSJE. The scheme also runs Sugamya Bharat App (citizen reporting) and Mark of Excellence for accessible buildings. Aim: 100% accessible India by 2030.

Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM JANMAN), launched on 15 November 2023 (Janjatiya Gaurav Diwas, birth anniversary of Bhagwan Birsa Munda), is the Government of India's ₹24,104 crore mission to comprehensively develop 75 Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) across 22 states. PVTGs are the most marginalised tribal communities (e.g., Sahariya, Birhor, Toda, Onge, Jarawa) — historically isolated, declining populations, pre-agricultural lifestyle, very low literacy. PM JANMAN covers 11 critical interventions: (1) Pucca Houses (PMAY-G) — 4.9 lakh houses; (2) Connecting roads (PMGSY); (3) Piped water (JJM); (4) Electrification (RDSS); (5) Mobile medical units; (6) Anganwadi Centres in PVTG habitations; (7) Hostels for PVTG students; (8) Vocational training centres; (9) Solar street lights & solar power; (10) Sickle Cell screening; (11) Tele-medicine. Implementation through 4-Tier monitoring — Centre, State, District, Block.

Post-Matric Scholarship Scheme for Scheduled Tribe (ST) Students is one of the largest scholarship programmes in India under the Ministry of Tribal Affairs — providing tuition fee reimbursement, maintenance allowance, and other benefits to ST students from Class 11 to PG and PhD. The scheme is administered via the National Scholarship Portal (NSP) — scholarships.gov.in. Annual outlay: ₹2,500+ crore covering 20+ lakh ST students nationally. Benefits: 100% tuition fees (whatever charged by the institution), reader allowance for visually impaired, escort allowance for severe disability, study tour, thesis printing charges. Maintenance allowance: ₹230-₹1,200/month based on Group I-IV (Engineering/Medical = Group IV, highest). Family income limit: ₹2.5 lakh/year. Aadhaar mandatory. Application window: typically August-November each year. Renewal annual subject to passing previous year.

Tribal Research Institutes (TRIs), set up in 19 states by the Ministry of Tribal Affairs, provide research grants, scholarships, and fellowships to Scheduled Tribe (ST) scholars pursuing M.Phil, PhD, and post-doctoral research in tribal studies, anthropology, social sciences, and tribal-area-specific subjects. The scheme also offers Top Class Education Scholarship for ST students admitted to 217 premier institutions (IITs, IIMs, AIIMS, NLUs, BITS, NIDs, etc.) — covering FULL tuition fee + ₹3,000-₹6,000/month living allowance + ₹3,000/year books grant + reimbursement of computer/laptop. Plus National Fellowship & Scholarship for Higher Education of ST Students (NFST) — ₹37,000-₹42,000/month JRF/SRF fellowship for PhD scholars. Plus National Overseas Scholarship for ST — ₹3,500-₹5,500 USD/year for studying abroad. Administered by Ministry of Tribal Affairs via TRIs and via National Scholarship Portal.

MSME Champions (Creation and Harmonious Application of Modern Processes for Increasing the Output and National Strength) is the Government of India's single integrated portal launched in 2021 by the Ministry of MSME for ALL MSME-related services — grievance redressal, technology upgradation support, finance access, marketing assistance, capacity building, and policy advocacy. The portal unifies 5 components: (1) MSME Sustainable (ZED Certification); (2) MSME Innovative (incubation, IPR, design); (3) MSME Competitive (Lean Manufacturing); (4) Digital MSME (ERP, IoT, e-commerce); (5) Grievance redressal (CPGRAMS-integrated). MSMEs can register, apply for schemes, raise grievances, track resolution, access loans, find buyers/suppliers via MSME-MART (B2B marketplace), and book technical advisory — all in one place. 10 lakh+ MSMEs registered; 2 lakh+ grievances resolved.

Digital MSME Scheme, launched as part of MSME Champions in 2021, helps Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises adopt digital technologies — ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning), IoT (Internet of Things), AI/ML, e-commerce platforms, digital marketing, cloud computing, and cybersecurity. The scheme provides 50-75% subsidy on cost of digital tools and consulting services for MSMEs. Specifically supports: (1) Software adoption (ERP, accounting, inventory, CRM) — subsidy up to ₹1.5 lakh; (2) Hardware (IoT sensors, smart manufacturing equipment) — up to ₹3 lakh; (3) E-commerce onboarding (Amazon, Flipkart, Meesho, GeM) — up to ₹1 lakh; (4) Digital marketing setup — up to ₹50,000; (5) Cybersecurity audit + tools — up to ₹75,000. Implemented via MSME-DI (Development Institutes) and CIIE.CO. ~5 lakh MSMEs digitised since launch. Aim: 40% of all MSMEs digitally transformed by 2027.

MSME Innovative is the Government of India's flagship scheme to promote innovation, intellectual property creation, and product design within Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) — launched 2021 as part of MSME Champions umbrella. Has 3 sub-components: (1) INCUBATION — financial support up to ₹15 lakh per idea to incubate innovative business ideas through Host Institutes (IITs, IIMs, NITs, premier universities, dedicated MSME incubators); 5 lakh innovative ideas targeted by 2027; (2) IPR (Intellectual Property Rights) — 75% reimbursement on patent/trademark/copyright/design filing fees (up to ₹1 lakh per IPR for domestic, ₹5 lakh for international); covers 200+ patents subsidised annually; (3) DESIGN — 50-75% subsidy on product/packaging design consultancy from premier design institutes (NID Ahmedabad, IIT Bombay IDC, MIT-ID Pune). Implemented via 1,400+ Host Institutes across India.

MSME Competitive Scheme — also called Lean Manufacturing Competitiveness Scheme (LMCS) — is the Government of India's flagship productivity improvement programme for MSMEs, launched under MSME Champions umbrella. The scheme helps MSMEs implement LEAN MANUFACTURING principles: 5S workplace organisation, Kaizen continuous improvement, Just-In-Time inventory, Total Productive Maintenance (TPM), Value Stream Mapping, Six Sigma defect reduction. Government provides 80% of consultancy cost (max ₹15 lakh) for engaging Lean Manufacturing Consultants from a national pool of 200+ certified consultants. Implementation: 18 months per MSME cluster — 1 cluster = 10 MSMEs sharing one consultant. Documented benefits: 20-50% productivity improvement, 30-60% defect reduction, 25-40% lead-time reduction, 15-30% cost reduction. Successfully implemented in 2,500+ MSME clusters covering 25,000+ MSMEs. Heavily focused on auto-components, textile, food processing, electronics, plastics sectors.

NIPUN Bharat (National Initiative for Proficiency in Reading with Understanding and Numeracy) is a flagship mission launched on 5 July 2021 by the Ministry of Education under the National Education Policy 2020. The mission's goal is to ensure that every child in India achieves basic foundational literacy (reading with comprehension) and numeracy (basic arithmetic) skills by the end of Grade 3 (age 8–9) by 2026–27. Implemented through Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan across all 36 states and union territories covering over 3.5 crore children in 11.5 lakh government and government-aided primary schools. The programme trains teachers through the DIKSHA platform (National Digital Infrastructure for Teachers) and uses structured pedagogy materials — Jaadui Pitara (magic box of play-based learning materials) provided free to all Class 1–3 students. Assessment of foundational learning outcomes is done through SARTHAQ (Students' and Teachers' Holistic Advancement through Quality Education) framework and National Achievement Survey (NAS).

Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM) is India's flagship digital health initiative launched on 27 September 2021 by PM Modi, creating a national digital health ecosystem. The mission's centrepiece is ABHA (Ayushman Bharat Health Account) — a unique 14-digit health ID number assigned free to every Indian citizen. ABHA allows you to securely store, access, and share your entire health history (prescriptions, lab reports, discharge summaries, vaccination records) in a digital locker accessible through the ABHA app or website. As of 2026, over 60 crore ABHA IDs have been created across India. The mission also includes Health Professional Registry (HPR) for doctors, Health Facility Registry (HFR) for hospitals, and Unified Health Interface (UHI) for app-to-app interoperability. ABHA is the foundation of India's Ayushman Bharat ecosystem — required for faster Ayushman Bharat PMJAY claims, cashless hospital admissions, and prescription verification. Under PM Ayushman Bharat Yojana for 70+ senior citizens, ABHA card is the gateway to linking your health record with your ₹5 lakh coverage.

Mahila Samman Savings Certificate (MSSC) is a special one-time savings scheme launched by the Government of India exclusively for women and girls, announced in Union Budget 2023-24 and available for investment from 1 April 2023. The scheme offered an interest rate of 7.5% per annum (compounded quarterly) — the highest risk-free interest rate available to Indian women outside of Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana. Maximum investment: ₹2 lakh. Tenure: 2 years from the date of deposit. Partial withdrawal: 40% of eligible balance allowed after 1 year. The deposit window was open from April 2023 to March 2025 — certificates purchased during this period continue to earn interest until maturity (2-year tenor from deposit date, so last maturity by March 2027). Available at all India Post offices and select banks (SBI, Bank of Baroda, Bank of India, Canara Bank, Union Bank, Central Bank, HDFC Bank, ICICI Bank, IDBI Bank, PNB). MSSC is separate from Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana (SSY), Public Provident Fund (PPF), and Senior Citizen Savings Scheme (SCSS) — all can be held simultaneously. Women who invested in MSSC should note: their certificate matures exactly 2 years from the date of account opening.

GOBAR-DHAN (Galvanizing Organic Bio-Agro Resources — Dhan) is a flagship central scheme launched on 1 February 2018 under the Swachh Bharat Mission (Grameen), implemented by the Ministry of Jal Shakti. The scheme converts cattle dung, crop residue, and organic waste from farms and villages into biogas (for cooking fuel and electricity) and compressed bio-gas (CBG) for commercial sale. Individual Household Biogas Plants: BPL/SC/ST/marginal farmers receive a subsidy of ₹10,000 to ₹40,000 (varies by state) on biogas plant installation — typically a 1–10 cubic metre plant costing ₹15,000–₹70,000 depending on size. The biogas can substitute 1–2 LPG cylinders per month, saving ₹900–₹1,800/month. The organic slurry from the biogas plant becomes rich liquid fertilizer worth ₹5,000–₹8,000/year in farm savings. Community/Commercial CBG Plants: Under the SATAT (Sustainable Alternative Towards Affordable Transportation) policy, large compressed bio-gas plants are set up by entrepreneurs to sell CBG to IOC/HPCL/BPCL at ₹46/kg — target of 5,000 CBG plants across India. Village-level GOBAR-DHAN clusters are being established under SBM Grameen to make villages 'waste-free' and generate rural employment through organic compost production and biogas energy.

The National Mission on Natural Farming (NMNF) is a dedicated Central Sector Scheme launched in November 2023 by the Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers' Welfare with a budget of ₹2,481 crore for 2023-24 to 2025-26. The mission promotes 'Bhartiya Prakritik Krishi Paddhati (BPKP)' — a system of farming based on agro-ecology principles using locally available on-farm resources: Jeevamrit (fermented cow dung-urine solution as liquid fertilizer), Bijamrit (seed treatment with cow dung-lime solution), Mulching (soil moisture conservation), and Whapasa (maintaining soil moisture between 50% field capacity). Target: Convert 1 crore farmers on 7.5 million hectares to natural farming by 2025-26. Financial support: ₹15,000 per hectare per year (for 3 years) split as: 50% central government + 50% state government contribution. Master Trainers (Champion Farmers): 10,000 Champion Farmers identified nationally, each training 100+ farmers. Farmer Resource Centres (FRCs): 10,000 centres established at Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) and Agriculture Science Centres. The mission is aligned with 'Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF)' pioneered by Subhash Palekar — now rebranded under the national programme. State leaders: Andhra Pradesh (6 lakh+ farmers), Gujarat (3 lakh+ farmers), Karnataka, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh.

PM Adi Adarsh Gram Yojana (PMAAGY) — formerly known as Pradhan Mantri Adarsh Gram Yojana (PMAGY) renamed in 2021–22 under the Ministry of Tribal Affairs — is an integrated development scheme covering 36,428 villages across 27 states and 4 union territories where 50% or more of the population is from Scheduled Tribes (Adivasi communities). The scheme provides ₹20.38 lakh per village for convergent infrastructure development: roads (PMGSY), drinking water (Jal Jeevan Mission), electricity (DDUGJY/SAUBHAGYA), health centres (NHM), anganwadis (POSHAN 2.0), schools (Samagra Shiksha), and telecom connectivity (BharatNet). Budget: ₹7,276 crore for 2021-22 to 2025-26. The key feature is CONVERGENCE — PMAAGY acts as the coordinating scheme, while the actual work is funded by 10+ other central schemes. Each PMAAGY village gets a dedicated Village Development Plan (VDP) prepared by Gram Sabha in consultation with state tribal departments. Implementation: Ministry of Tribal Affairs monitors through PMAAGY portal. State Tribal Welfare Departments execute. Village-level monitoring by local Gram Sabha ensures accountability. Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) are co-implementing agencies. PMAAGY is separate from PM JANMAN (for Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups) which covers 75 most vulnerable tribal communities.

Agriculture Infrastructure Fund (AIF) is a central government financing facility launched on 9 August 2020 by PM Modi with a total corpus of ₹1 lakh crore (₹1 trillion) available from FY2020-21 to FY2032-33. AIF provides medium-to-long-term debt financing at 3% interest subvention (interest subsidy) per annum for creating post-harvest management infrastructure and community farming assets across India. Eligible projects: Primary Processing Centres (PPCs), Cold Storage Chains, Collection Centres, Warehouses (silos, godowns), Custom Hiring Centres (CHCs) for farm equipment, Packing Houses, Ripening Chambers (for banana/mango/tomato), Assaying Units (quality testing), e-Marketing platforms, Drying Yards, and Smart/Controlled Atmosphere Cold Stores. Eligible beneficiaries: Individual farmers, FPOs (Farmer Producer Organisations), SHGs, Cooperatives, Startups (agri-tech), Central/State Agencies, APMCs (Agricultural Produce Market Committees). Credit Guarantee: Projects up to ₹2 crore get credit guarantee through CGTMSE (Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises) — reducing collateral requirement. Interest subvention of 3% p.a. is available on loans up to ₹2 crore — reducing effective interest rate from bank's typical 10-12% to just 7-9%. As of 2026, over ₹60,000 crore has been sanctioned under AIF covering 70,000+ projects across India.

Viksit Bharat Ambassador Programme is a youth outreach and citizen engagement initiative launched by the Government of India under the Viksit Bharat @2047 vision — India's ambitious goal of becoming a developed nation by its 100th year of independence. The programme officially launched its Sampark (Connect) activities in 2023-24, with large-scale ambassador registrations across colleges and institutions in 2024-25. Student Ambassadors: College students, university graduates, and young professionals (18-35 years) volunteer as Viksit Bharat Ambassadors at their institution, spreading awareness about government flagship schemes in their community. Activities include: conducting Viksit Bharat Surveys (digital feedback forms on government policies), sharing scheme information via WhatsApp/social media, organising gram sabha awareness sessions, and mobilising beneficiaries to apply for 9+ flagship schemes. My Bharat Platform: The programme runs through 'My Bharat' digital platform (mybharat.gov.in) — a national youth digital platform connecting 1 crore+ young volunteers with government programmes. Volunteers earn experience certificates, skill badges, and in some cases internship opportunities at government departments. Viksit Bharat Sankalp Yatra: The massive outreach campaign (December 2023–February 2024) covered 2.55 lakh gram panchayats across India using van campaigns, connecting 10 crore+ citizens with 9 flagship schemes.

Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY), now rebranded as RKVY-RAFTAAR (Remunerative Approaches for Agriculture and Allied sector Rejuvenation), is a central sector scheme under the Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare. Launched in 2007 and restructured in 2017-18, RKVY provides flexible funding to states for agriculture development projects including irrigation, seed production, horticulture, post-harvest infrastructure, and value chains. RKVY-RAFTAAR also has a dedicated component for agri-startups and innovation through the RAFTAAR Agri-Business Incubator (R-ABI) — providing grants up to ₹25 lakh to individual agri-entrepreneurs and ₹2 crore to agri-business incubation centres. Under the 2024-25 Union Budget, RKVY has been allocated ₹7,521 crore for states to spend on agriculture diversification, natural farming, digital agriculture, and FPO strengthening.

The Formation and Promotion of 10,000 Farmer Producer Organisations (FPOs) scheme is a flagship central government initiative launched in 2020 by the Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare with a budget of ₹6,865 crore over 5 years (2020-25, extended to 2027). The scheme aims to aggregate small and marginal farmers into FPOs (Farmer Producer Companies, Cooperatives, or Producer Societies) to give them collective bargaining power for input purchase and output marketing. Each FPO gets: (1) Matching equity grant up to ₹18 lakh over 3 years (₹15 per farmer member, maximum ₹18 lakh), (2) Credit guarantee cover up to ₹2 crore per FPO via NABARD/NCDC (eliminates need for collateral for crop loans), (3) Project Management Agency (PMA) support — professionals hired to provide technical, marketing, and legal handholding for 5 years. SFAC (Small Farmers Agribusiness Consortium) is the national coordination agency.

Digital Agriculture Mission (DAM) is a centrally sponsored scheme approved in 2024-25 Union Budget with an outlay of ₹2,817 crore to build India's Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) for agriculture. The mission has 3 core components: (1) AgriStack — a digital ecosystem of farmer databases, land records, and crop data linked to Aadhaar; (2) Farmer ID (Kisan ID) — a unique 11-digit digital identity for every farmer, linking their land records, KCC, PM Kisan, soil health card, and insurance data; (3) Digital Crop Survey — satellite + AI-based crop area and production estimation in 400+ districts across India. PM-KISAN, Fasal Bima, and KCC disbursal will all be linked to Kisan ID for seamless DBT. The mission also funds hiring of 90,000 'Agriculture Sakhi' digital facilitators who help farmers access all digital agriculture services through a single app.

Pradhan Mantri Formalisation of Micro food processing Enterprises (PMFME) scheme, launched in June 2020 under the Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative, provides financial, technical, and business support to unorganised micro food processing enterprises. Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI) runs this centrally sponsored scheme with 60:40 centre-state funding (90:10 for NE/Himalayan states). The scheme covers: (1) Credit-linked subsidy of 35% on eligible project cost (max ₹10 lakh per unit — meaning subsidy of up to ₹3.5 lakh); (2) Common Infrastructure for FPOs, SHGs, and Cooperatives — 35% subsidy for shared infrastructure like processing halls, cold rooms, testing labs; (3) Branding & Marketing support for micro food enterprises and FPOs; (4) Capacity building — free training and technical assistance through food technology institutes. 2 lakh micro enterprises are targeted over 5 years (2020-25, extended to 2026).

SAMARTH (Scheme for Capacity Building in Textile Sector) is a demand-driven, placement-oriented skill training scheme implemented by the Ministry of Textiles since 2017-18. The scheme provides free skill training to youth in the entire textile value chain — from spinning, weaving, and knitting to garments, technical textiles, and handlooms. Training centres are run by industry partners (mills, garment factories, training institutions) empanelled by the ministry. Training duration is 3 months (300+ hours). Trainees receive: free training + stipend of ₹8,000-10,000/month during training (paid via DBT) + placement assistance (target: 70%+ placement in textile jobs). For handloom/handicraft sectors (special weavers component), in-situ training is provided at the weaver's home or cluster to upgrade skills without relocation. Budget: ₹1,300 crore for training 10 lakh textile workers by 2020 (revised targets for 2024-26 ongoing).

Silk Samagra 2.0 is the central government's comprehensive sericulture development scheme, implemented by the Central Silk Board (CSB), Ministry of Textiles. Launched in 2021-22 (replacing the earlier Silk Samagra scheme), it provides end-to-end support to the sericulture value chain — from mulberry plantation and silkworm seed production to cocoon production, reeling, and weaving. The scheme has 4 components: (1) Research & Development for new silkworm varieties, disease-resistant seeds; (2) Seed organisation — support to silkworm seed production centres; (3) Coordination & Market development — farmer training, market linkages; (4) Quality certification and export promotion for Indian silk. Subsidies are provided for: mulberry garden development (50-75% subsidy on inputs), silkworm rearing equipment, chawki rearing centres, automatic reeling machines (up to 50% subsidy), weaving infrastructure. Special focus on Bihar, J&K, NE states, Odisha, and West Bengal for expanding non-mulberry silk (Tasar, Eri, Muga).

Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA) is a centrally-funded initiative under the National Health Mission (NHM) launched in 2016. It guarantees free comprehensive antenatal care (ANC) checkup to every pregnant woman on the 9th of each month at government health facilities. Under PMSMA, all pregnant women in their 2nd and 3rd trimester get: free blood pressure measurement, weight, abdomen check, haemoglobin test, urine albumin/sugar test, blood group and Rh factor, syphilis test (VDRL), and ultrasound (where available). Doctors from private sector also voluntarily participate as PMSMA volunteers to extend services at PHCs and CHCs in rural areas. High-risk pregnancies are identified, labelled with red stickers, and tracked through delivery. Over 3.8 crore ANC checkups have been conducted since launch. States use PMSMA data to track maternal mortality and reduce preventable maternal deaths.

Pradhan Mantri Ayushman Bharat Health Infrastructure Mission (PM-ABHIM) is the central government's largest public health infrastructure investment scheme, announced in October 2021 with a budget of ₹64,180 crore over 6 years (2021-22 to 2025-26). PM-ABHIM fills critical gaps in India's public health infrastructure to prepare for future pandemics and strengthen primary, secondary, and tertiary health systems. Key components: (1) Health and Wellness Centres (HWCs): Upgrading 17,788 additional Sub Health Centres to HWCs (comprehensive primary care with free medicines, free diagnostics, telemedicine); (2) Critical Care Hospital Blocks: 12 Central Institutions (AIIMS-equivalent) + 157 new medical colleges at district hospitals; (3) National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) network expansion — 5 new regional BSL-3 labs, 20 metropolitan health surveillance units; (4) One Health Programme — 15 BSL-3 labs for zoonotic disease surveillance; (5) National Health IT infrastructure — Integrated Health Information Platform (IHIP) for disease surveillance. This is NOT a direct benefit scheme for individuals — it funds infrastructure creation that benefits all patients using government hospitals.

Government e-Marketplace (GeM) is an online portal launched in 2016 by the Ministry of Commerce & Industry for procurement of goods and services by Central/State Government ministries, departments, and PSUs. GeM is India's largest government procurement platform with ₹4 lakh crore+ GMV (Gross Merchandise Value) in FY2024-25. MSMEs, startups, artisans, SHGs, and individual sellers can register as vendors on GeM and supply goods/services directly to government buyers without going through complex tenders. Key features: (1) MSME sellers get 25% procurement preference — government buyers MUST buy 25% of eligible purchases from MSMEs; (2) Zero registration fee for sellers; (3) Startup India registered companies get additional benefits and relaxation in prior experience criteria; (4) Weavers/artisans/SHGs (Weavers GeM) have dedicated sections; (5) Payment within 10 days of delivery (Government policy — no long payment delays). Over 67 lakh seller/service provider registrations. MSME sellers account for 58%+ of GeM GMV.

Udyam Assist Platform (UAP) is a government portal launched in January 2023 by the Ministry of MSME to bring informal/micro enterprises into the formal MSME ecosystem WITHOUT requiring GST registration or IT returns. Unlike Udyam Registration (which needs PAN + GST), Udyam Assist is designed for the smallest businesses — street vendors, home-based workers, artisans, tailors, mechanics, and micro enterprises that don't file ITR or have GST. Registration on Udyam Assist gives: an Udyam Assist Certificate (UAC) that is equivalent to MSME registration, enabling access to priority sector lending, MUDRA loans, CGTMSE guarantee, GeM registration, and government scheme benefits. UAP is linked with Jan Samarth portal (National Portal for Credit-Linked Schemes). Over 35 lakh informal enterprises have registered since 2023 launch.

Credit Linked Capital Subsidy Scheme (CLCSS) is a Ministry of MSME scheme that provides a 15% upfront capital subsidy (maximum ₹15 lakh per unit) to Small and Micro enterprises for upgrading their plant and machinery to newer, state-of-the-art technology. The subsidy is credit-linked — the enterprise must take a bank loan, and the government pays 15% of the eligible investment (cap ₹1 crore investment → max ₹15 lakh subsidy) directly into the enterprise's loan account, reducing outstanding principal. CLCSS covers 51 approved sub-sectors including food processing, hosiery, hand tools, drugs & pharmaceuticals, stationery, bicycle parts, auto components, packaging, printing, and more. Subsidy is released through Nodal Banks and Agencies (SBI, NABARD, SIDBI, NHB, Bank of Baroda, etc.). Average time from loan sanction to subsidy release: 60-90 days.

Seekho Aur Kamao (Learn & Earn) is a skill development scheme implemented by the Ministry of Minority Affairs specifically for youth from 6 notified minority communities (Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, Zoroastrians/Parsis, and Jains). Launched in 2013-14 and revised with enhanced features in 2022-23, the scheme provides: free market-oriented skill training (3-12 months duration) in modern trades (IT, hospitality, healthcare, construction, beauty & wellness, etc.) AND traditional/heritage crafts (chikankari, zardozi, rogan art, bidriware, etc.). Each trained youth receives ₹3,000/month stipend during training (DBT) + 75% mandatory placement (employers/self-employment). Training is conducted through empanelled Project Implementing Agencies (PIAs) — industry partners, NGOs, training institutes. Selection: Candidates selected on merit (AAY/BPL preference) from minority community.

National Green Hydrogen Mission (NGHM) was approved by the Union Cabinet in January 2023 with a budget of ₹19,744 crore (2023-2030) to position India as a global hub for production, export, and domestic use of green hydrogen. Green hydrogen is produced by electrolyzing water using renewable energy (solar/wind), making it a zero-emission fuel. NGHM's target: 5 million metric tonnes (MMT) per annum green hydrogen production by 2030, reducing India's fossil fuel dependence by ₹1 lakh crore/year and creating 6 lakh green jobs. Key components: (1) SIGHT (Strategic Interventions for Green Hydrogen Transition): ₹17,490 crore incentive for domestic electrolyser manufacturing (PLI) + green hydrogen production incentive (₹50/kg for 3 years for highest-bidder producers); (2) Green Hydrogen Hubs: 3 designated hub states (Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra/Andhra Pradesh) for large-scale production clusters; (3) R&D: ₹400 crore for technology and pilot projects; (4) Pilot projects in fertilizers, steel, shipping, and heavy transport. Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) implements.

MISHTI (Mangrove Initiative for Shoreline Habitats & Tangible Incomes) was announced in the Union Budget 2023-24 to facilitate mangrove plantation along India's 7,516 km coastline and on salt pan lands. Implemented by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) in convergence with MGNREGS and CAMPA (Compensatory Afforestation Fund Management and Planning Authority), MISHTI creates employment for coastal communities while restoring ecological balance. Mangroves are called 'coastal rainforests' — they protect against cyclones (like Odisha's mangroves during Phailin), sequester 4x more carbon than terrestrial forests, provide fish nursery habitats, and reduce coastal erosion. India's mangrove cover has declined from 6,740 sq km (1987) to 4,992 sq km currently — MISHTI targets planting across 540+ km of new mangrove cover (5,400 hectares). States covered: West Bengal (Sundarbans), Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Goa, Karnataka, and Andaman & Nicobar. MGNREGS laborers are paid for mangrove sapling planting and maintenance, creating 50+ person-days of employment per hectare per year.

Amrit Dharohar is a wetland conservation and eco-tourism scheme announced in Union Budget 2023-24 to promote optimal use and conservation of India's 75+ Ramsar Sites (internationally recognized wetlands of importance) over the next 3 years. India has the largest number of Ramsar sites in Asia — covering 1.33 million hectares across 20+ states. Amrit Dharohar aims to: (1) Develop eco-tourism infrastructure at Ramsar sites — birdwatching towers, nature trails, interpretation centres, boat rides; (2) Create livelihood opportunities for local communities — eco-guides, boat operators, handicraft sellers; (3) Strengthen conservation through community participation, wetland health monitoring, and water quality restoration; (4) Promote unique biodiversity of Ramsar sites for domestic tourism (Chilika Lake, Keoladeo Ghana, Wular Lake, Point Calimere, etc.). Implementation: MoEFCC + State Forest Departments + local bodies. No direct cash transfer scheme — it funds infrastructure and livelihood projects at wetland sites.

FAME India (Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of (Hybrid &) Electric Vehicles) Phase 2 is the central government's flagship EV adoption programme, implemented by the Ministry of Heavy Industries with ₹10,000 crore budget (2019-2024, further extended). FAME II provides upfront purchase subsidies on electric vehicles to lower their sticker price. Subsidy rates: Electric 2-wheelers: ₹10,000-15,000 per vehicle (₹10,000/kWh battery capacity, max ₹50,000 per vehicle, capped at 15% of ex-factory price); Electric 3-wheelers/e-rickshaws: Up to ₹50,000; Electric 4-wheelers (private cars): Pilot subsidy for BEV cars (e.g., Tata Nexon EV got ₹1.5 lakh subsidy under initial phase); Electric buses: ₹20-54 lakh per bus (state transport undertakings). Over 14 lakh electric 2-wheelers and 9,000+ electric buses were supported under FAME II. FAME II was succeeded by PM E-DRIVE scheme (2024) and PM e-Bus Sewa — check those for current subsidies.

PM e-VIDYA is a comprehensive digital education initiative launched in May 2020 under the Atmanirbhar Bharat package, integrating multiple digital learning platforms to provide one-stop access to education for all students from Class 1-12 and teachers. DIKSHA (Digital Infrastructure for Knowledge Sharing) is the core platform — India's largest digital learning ecosystem with 6,000+ crore learning sessions, 27+ crore registered users, and content in 35 Indian languages. Key components: (1) DIKSHA portal/app: Free NCERT-aligned content (textbooks, videos, assessments) for Classes 1-12 in all major Indian languages — QR codes on NCERT textbooks link directly to DIKSHA content; (2) SWAYAM Prabha: 34 DTH TV channels broadcasting educational content 24x7 (accessible in remote areas without internet); (3) SWAYAM MOOCs: Free online courses for higher education (1,000+ courses, 10 crore+ enrolled); (4) National Digital Library (NDL): Free access to 90 million+ digital books and research papers; (5) Radio: 'Shiksha Vaani' programme on All India Radio. PM e-VIDYA is free for all students — no registration required for DIKSHA content access.

Rashtriya Uchchatar Shiksha Abhiyan (RUSA) is a centrally sponsored scheme for reforming, developing, and improving the quality and equity of higher education in state universities and colleges. RUSA Phase 2.0 (2018-2026) builds on Phase 1 (2013-17) with enhanced emphasis on multidisciplinary education, research, vocational integration, and equity-focused infrastructure. The scheme provides grants directly to state universities and affiliated colleges for: new academic buildings, laboratories, libraries, hostels, digital infrastructure, teacher training, curriculum reform, and autonomous college upgradation. Grant structure: New model colleges in Educationally Backward Districts (EBDs): ₹12.5 crore each; Professional education in non-professional colleges: ₹5 crore; Infrastructure for gender equity (women's hostels/toilets): ₹2 crore; Technical education quality improvement: varies. RUSA focuses on 2 equity goals: expansion into EBDs (35% of India's districts with GER below national average) and enhanced access for women/SC/ST students.

National Means-cum-Merit Scholarship Scheme (NMMSS) is a centrally sponsored scholarship scheme implemented by the Department of School Education & Literacy to prevent dropout of meritorious students from Classes 9-12 due to financial constraints. The scheme awards ₹12,000 per year (₹1,000/month) to selected students from Class 9 (fresh selection) and renews for Classes 10, 11, and 12 subject to performance. Selection criteria: (1) Parent/guardian annual income ≤ ₹3.5 lakh; (2) Must have scored minimum 55% marks in Class 7 final exam (50% for SC/ST); (3) Must be studying in government/government-aided school (NOT private unaided schools). Selection test: State-level NMMS examination (2 papers — MAT: Mental Ability Test + SAT: Scholastic Aptitude Test), conducted annually by each state/UT. 1,00,000 scholarships awarded per year nationally (distributed state-wise by population). Scholarship continues through Class 12 with minimum 55% marks in Class 9/10/11 to renew.

Anusandhan National Research Foundation (ANRF), established through the Anusandhan National Research Foundation Act 2023, is India's apex body for funding, coordinating, and promoting research and innovation across all disciplines — science, technology, engineering, mathematics, humanities, and social sciences. ANRF was created to replace the SERB (Science and Engineering Research Board) and subsumes it. Budget: ₹50,000 crore over 5 years (2023-28), with 70% to be mobilized from industry/private sector and 30% from government (₹10,000 crore). Key focus: (1) Industry-academia collaborative research — 70% industry contribution ensures research is market-relevant; (2) Mission-mode national research in 7 priority sectors: Natural farming, clean energy, quantum, AI for agriculture, health, semiconductors, and climate; (3) Early career researcher grants; (4) Seed grants for new universities and colleges to start research. ANRF is chaired by PM and Governing Board has industry leaders — a shift from pure academic funding to industry-led R&D.

Pradhan Mantri Jan Vikas Karyakram (PMJVK) is a centrally sponsored infrastructure development programme for identified Minority Concentration Areas (MCAs) across India, replacing the earlier Multi-Sectoral Development Programme (MsDP). Implemented by the Ministry of Minority Affairs since 2018-19, PMJVK funds construction of schools, colleges, ITIs (vocational training centres), hostels, hospitals, drinking water/sanitation facilities, and community halls in districts and blocks with high concentration of minority communities (Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, Parsis, Jains). 1,301 districts/blocks/clusters identified as MCAs. Budget: ₹3,340 crore over 2017-20 (ongoing). PMJVK funds are released to states/UTs for project execution by state government agencies. Priority sectors: Education (70% of funds), Livelihood (health, skill development), and basic infrastructure (sanitation, drinking water).

Naya Savera (New Dawn) is a Ministry of Minority Affairs scheme providing FREE coaching to students from 6 notified minority communities for competitive examinations — UPSC Civil Services, SSC, Banking (IBPS/SBI PO), Railway (RRB), State PSC, entrance exams for professional courses (medical NEET, engineering JEE, law CLAT), and language proficiency tests. Coaching is provided through empanelled coaching institutes (both private commercial institutes and government training centres). Students from minority communities who cannot afford expensive coaching get sponsored coaching: Course fee paid directly to coaching institute by Ministry + Stipend to student (₹3,000/month for day scholars, ₹6,000/month for residential) + Free study material. Target: 1,00,000 students per year. States/UTs empanel coaching centres through open tender. Selection of students: Merit + minority community certification + income limit (family income ≤ ₹8 lakh/year).

PENCIL (Platform for Effective Enforcement for No Child Labour) is an electronic platform launched in 2017 by the Ministry of Labour & Employment to eliminate child labour in India and rehabilitate rescued child labourers. PENCIL integrates all stakeholders — Central Government, State Governments, District administration, civil society, and public — through a single digital platform for: (1) Complaint registration about child labour (online/phone); (2) Tracking of rescued child labourers; (3) National Child Labour Project (NCLP) schools management — where rescued children aged 9-14 get bridge education, vocational training, and nutrition; (4) Real-time dashboard of child labour in districts across India. The Child and Adolescent Labour (Prohibition & Regulation) Act 1986 (amended 2016) prohibits employment of children below 14 in ALL occupations and employment of adolescents (14-18) in hazardous occupations. PENCIL enables citizens to report child labour and track action. Rescued children are admitted to NCLP Special Training Centres (STCs) for up to 2 years bridge education before mainstreaming into regular schools.

India's Deep Ocean Mission (DOM) was approved by the Cabinet in June 2021 with a budget of ₹4,077 crore for 5 years (2021-26). It is India's first comprehensive ocean exploration mission, with the Ministry of Earth Sciences as the nodal ministry. Key objectives: (1) Samudrayaan — India's manned deep-sea submersible vehicle capable of diving to 6,000 metres depth, carrying 3 scientists, to explore and assess deep-sea resources (polymetallic nodules, cobalt, nickel, manganese, methane hydrates); (2) Deep Ocean Survey and Exploration of mineral resources in India's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ, 2.2 million sq km); (3) Ocean Climate Change Advisory Services; (4) Desalination technology research; (5) Advanced Marine Station for Ocean Biology research at Lakshadweep; (6) Deep-sea mining technology development. India aims to be the 6th nation (after USA, Russia, France, Japan, China) to have manned deep-sea exploration capability. Samudrayaan's first test dive was conducted in 2023-24.

India's National Quantum Mission (NQM) was approved by the Union Cabinet in April 2023 with a budget of ₹6,003 crore for 8 years (2023-31). India becomes the 7th country (after USA, China, UK, EU, Canada, Japan) to launch a dedicated national quantum mission. Ministry of Science & Technology implements NQM through the Department of Science & Technology (DST). Mission targets: (1) Quantum Computers: 50-100 physical qubits by 2026, 50-100 logical qubits by 2031 — competing with IBM, Google; (2) Quantum Communication: Secure quantum key distribution (QKD) over 2,000 km optical fibre (India-wide secure quantum network by 2031) + satellite-based QKD; (3) Quantum Sensing: Atomic clocks, gravimeters, seismometers with quantum precision (GPS-independent navigation, better earthquake detection); (4) Quantum Materials: New quantum materials and devices. Four T-Hubs (Thematic Hubs) created at IIT-Bombay, IIT-Delhi, IIT-Madras, and IISc Bangalore to lead the 4 mission verticals.

PM MUDRA Yojana's Tarun Plus category was introduced in the Union Budget 2024-25 to serve established micro and small enterprises that have successfully repaid previous MUDRA Tarun loans (₹5-10 lakh) and need higher credit to scale up. The new Tarun Plus category offers loans from ₹10 lakh to ₹20 lakh — filling the gap between the existing Tarun (max ₹10 lakh) and formal SME loans (which require collateral). Original MUDRA categories: Shishu (up to ₹50,000), Kishor (₹50,001-5 lakh), Tarun (₹5-10 lakh). Tarun Plus (₹10-20 lakh) is available to enterprises that have a satisfactory repayment track record on previous MUDRA loans, showing responsible credit behaviour. All banks, NBFCs, MFIs, RRBs, and Small Finance Banks offer MUDRA loans including Tarun Plus. Purpose: working capital, machinery purchase, business expansion — NOT for personal expenses.

Kisan Drone Yojana is India's agricultural drone promotion policy launched in February 2022 by the Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare to boost crop protection, nutrient management, and agricultural productivity through drone technology. The policy provides purchase subsidies for agricultural drones to make drone-based spraying affordable: SC/ST/small & marginal farmers/NE/women farmers: 50% subsidy (max ₹6 lakh); Other farmers: 40% subsidy (max ₹4 lakh); Custom Hiring Centres (CHCs) for renting drones to farmers: 75% subsidy (max ₹7.5 lakh); FPOs: 75% subsidy (max ₹7.5 lakh). Namo Drone Didi scheme (2023) specifically trains 15,000 women SHGs as drone pilots and gives them drones for rental services to farmers (₹8 lakh drone value + training worth ₹15,000). Agricultural drone spraying uses 10x less water than traditional knapsack spraying, covers 1 acre in 7-10 minutes vs 2-4 hours manually, and reduces pesticide use by 25%.

TREAD (Trade Related Entrepreneurship Assistance and Development) is a Ministry of MSME scheme specifically designed to empower women from rural and semi-urban areas to start income-generating activities and micro-enterprises. The scheme provides a 30% grant on loans given to women through NGOs: Loan amount range: Up to ₹30 lakh to a group of women / NGO for lending to individual women members. Government pays 30% grant directly to the lending institution (NABARD/SIDBI/other lending agencies), reducing the loan principal. The remaining 70% is lent to women at subsidized rates. Activities covered: Any legitimate income-generating activities — handicrafts, small manufacturing, services, food processing, horticulture, animal husbandry, etc. NGO plays a crucial role: identifies women beneficiaries, trains them, ensures proper utilization, and provides credit guarantee. An integrated non-formal training and counselling component is also funded.

Startup India Seed Fund Scheme (SISFS) was launched in April 2021 with a corpus of ₹945 crore to provide early-stage funding to Indian startups through incubators. DPIIT (Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade) is the nodal agency. How it works: Government gives grants to incubators → incubators disburse seed funding to startups. Funding structure for startups: (1) Proof of Concept (PoC): Up to ₹20 lakh (grant — not repayable) for idea validation, prototype development, product testing; (2) Early market validation: Up to ₹50 lakh (as convertible debentures OR conditional debt) for market entry, user acquisition, pilot testing. Target: 3,600 startups by 2025. Eligible incubators: Government-recognized incubators at IITs, IIMs, NITI Aayog centres, state government incubators, and selected private incubators. SISFS specifically targets startups in Tier 2 and Tier 3 cities — NOT just metro-based startups.

National Beekeeping and Honey Mission (NBHM) was launched in 2020 under the Atmanirbhar Bharat package to promote 'Sweet Revolution' — development of scientific beekeeping across India. Implemented by the National Bee Board (NBB) under the Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, NBHM aims to double honey production (from 1.2 lakh MT to 2.5 lakh MT by 2026) and improve honey quality for domestic consumption and export. Subsidies under NBHM: (1) Beehive boxes (10 colonies): 50% subsidy for general category farmers, 75% for SC/ST/women/NE/hill farmers; (2) Protective gear (bee suit, gloves, veil): 50% subsidy; (3) Honey extraction equipment (extractor, uncapping fork, strainer): 50% subsidy; (4) Nucleus Stock (queen bees + 3 frames): 75% subsidy for SC/ST/women. Additionally, training on scientific beekeeping through KVKs and state agriculture departments (5-7 days free training with ₹250/day stipend). Beekeeping significantly increases crop pollination — farmers with bee colonies near their fruit/vegetable fields see 20-30% higher yields.

National Bamboo Mission (NBM), relaunched in 2018-19 under the Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare with a budget of ₹1,290 crore (2018-20, extended), focuses on area expansion of bamboo plantations, quality planting material, post-harvest management, product development, and promotion of bamboo industry. India is the world's second largest bamboo producer (after China) with 13.96 million hectares of bamboo forest. The 2017 Indian Forest Act amendment removed bamboo from the definition of 'tree' on non-forest land — farmers can now grow and harvest bamboo freely without a permit. NBM subsidies: Bamboo plantation on agricultural land: 50% of cost (general) / 60% (for small farmers), typically ₹240-250 per plant; Primary processing (bamboo splitting, matting machines): 50% subsidy; Bamboo product manufacturing units: 25-35% capital subsidy; Common Facility Centres (bamboo processing clusters): 50% subsidy. Bamboo is called 'green gold' — it grows in 3-5 years (vs 20+ for timber trees), can be harvested multiple times without replanting, and has 1,500+ end uses.

Technology Upgradation Fund Scheme (TUFS), now running as ATUFS (Amended TUFS), is a Ministry of Textiles scheme providing capital investment subsidy (CIS) to textile mills and garment manufacturers for purchase of specified modern machinery. ATUFS provides: Garmenting segment: 15% CIS (max ₹30 crore per unit); Technical Textiles segment: 15% CIS (max ₹200 crore per unit); General textiles (spinning/weaving/processing): 10% CIS (max ₹30 crore per unit); Women-owned SMEs: Additional 10% on top (total 25% CIS). The scheme is interest-reimbursement based through designated lending institutions (SBI, Bank of Baroda, SIDBI, etc.). Eligible machinery: Only Ministry-notified modern textile machinery — not second-hand or refurbished. Budget: ₹17,822 crore over 2016-22, extended for ongoing claims. Over 6,000 textile units supported. ATUFS was particularly crucial for India's technical textile sector (medical textiles, agro-textiles, geo-textiles, industrial textiles).

National Programme for Prevention and Control of Non-Communicable Diseases (NP-NCD) is a centrally sponsored programme under the National Health Mission (NHM) providing free screening, diagnosis, and management of the 4 major NCDs: (1) Cancer (oral, cervical, breast); (2) Cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, heart disease); (3) Diabetes; (4) Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)/Stroke. Free services provided at government health facilities: Population-level screening at Health & Wellness Centres (HWCs) — every citizen above 30 years is offered screening for all 4 NCD categories; Free essential NCD medicines at PHCs/CHCs (Metformin, Glibenclamide for diabetes; Amlodipine, Atenolol for hypertension; Aspirin for cardiac); Free diagnostics (blood sugar, blood pressure, BMI, Pap smear, CBE); NCD Clinics at district hospitals for confirmed cases — consultation, management, and follow-up free of cost. The NCD 'Sankalp Portal' tracks patients across facilities. Over 10 crore citizens screened under NCD programme as of 2025.

Pradhan Mantri National Dialysis Programme (PMNDP) is a centrally-funded health scheme launched in 2016 under the National Health Mission to provide free haemodialysis services to Below Poverty Line (BPL) patients suffering from Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) at government district hospitals. India has 2.2 lakh new CKD patients requiring dialysis annually, but <10% could access affordable dialysis before PMNDP. Cost of dialysis in private: ₹1,500-3,000 per session, 3 sessions/week = ₹18,000-36,000/month — unaffordable for BPL families. Under PMNDP: PPP (Public-Private Partnership) model: Private dialysis service providers set up dialysis centres inside government district hospitals and provide dialysis free to BPL patients (cost borne by NHM). Non-BPL patients also access at subsidized rates. Currently 5,000+ dialysis machines operational across 800+ district hospitals. Over 20 lakh dialysis sessions provided annually to 75,000+ BPL patients.

PM Palna (PM Palna 1.0) is the revamped National Creche Scheme under the Ministry of Women & Child Development, providing safe, stimulating day-care facilities for children aged 6 months to 6 years of working mothers. Creches are set up at community/workplace locations and provide: Full-day care and supervision, nutrition (morning snack + lunch), age-appropriate learning and play activities, health monitoring and immunization support, rest facilities, and safe indoor/outdoor play areas. Creches are managed by eligible NGOs, community organizations, or local bodies empanelled by the ministry. Cost per child: ₹20/day nominal fee (waived for BPL/AAY families). Target: 2.5 lakh creches serving 25 lakh children by 2026. PM Palna is the primary government mechanism for enabling women in the unorganized sector to join the workforce without worrying about childcare. States/UTs share 60:40 funding with Centre (90:10 for NE/Himalayan states).

National Scheduled Castes Finance and Development Corporation (NSCFDC), under the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, provides concessional loans to persons from Scheduled Castes living below Double the Poverty Line (DTPL: annual family income ≤ ₹3 lakh for rural / ₹3.5 lakh for urban). NSCFDC offers loans for: income-generating activities (agriculture, small business, vocational trade, transport); education loans for professional courses; skill training loans. Key loan schemes: (1) Term Loan: Up to ₹30 lakh at 6% annual interest (lowest SC entrepreneur loan in India) — 10-year repayment; (2) Mahila Samriddhi Yojana: Up to ₹60,000 for women SC beneficiaries at 4% interest; (3) Microcredit Finance: Up to ₹50,000 at 5% interest through SHGs/NGOs; (4) Aajeevika Micro Finance: Up to ₹1 lakh for self-employment. Loans are channeled through State Channelizing Agencies (SCAs) — state SC finance corporations. NSCFDC currently has 3.5 lakh+ active borrowers across all states.

National Handloom Development Programme (NHDP) is the comprehensive flagship scheme of the Ministry of Textiles for development of handloom sector in India. India has 35+ lakh handloom weavers — the second largest employment sector after agriculture. NHDP (12th/15th Finance Commission period) integrates multiple earlier schemes: Handloom Weavers' Comprehensive Welfare Scheme, Yarn Supply Scheme, Handloom Marketing Assistance, and Cluster Development. Key components: (1) Weaver Credit Card (WCC): Collateral-free revolving credit up to ₹2 lakh at 7% for yarn purchase and working capital; (2) Yarn Supply Scheme: Subsidized yarn supply through NHDC (National Handloom Development Corporation) depots; (3) MUDRA loans via Handloom Development Banks: Collateral-free business loans; (4) Handloom Cluster development: Infrastructure (common facility centres, yarn depots, training halls); (5) Marketing support: India Handloom Brand, Haat events, international marketing at textile fairs; (6) SAMARTH in-situ training: Skill upgradation at weavers' homes — ₹8,000-10,000 stipend/month.

Bhashini (Digital India Bhasha Innovation Initiative) is a national public digital platform for AI-powered language technology in India's 22 scheduled languages. Launched in 2022 by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), Bhashini provides free open APIs for: (1) Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) — speech-to-text in all 22 Indian languages; (2) Text-to-Speech (TTS) — natural-sounding voice in 22 languages; (3) Machine Translation — translate between any of 22 Indian languages instantly; (4) Transliteration — convert text between scripts (e.g., Hindi in Roman → Devanagari). Bhashini's mission: Ensure government digital services are accessible to citizens in their own language — bridging the digital divide for the 1 billion Indians who do not speak English. Bhashini powers: PM-WANI (Wi-Fi) interface in regional languages, Common Service Centre services in 22 languages, DigiLocker in local languages, UMANG app in 13 languages, and 100+ government apps. Developers can use Bhashini APIs for FREE to build Indian-language applications.

Mission Amrit Sarovar was launched on 24 April 2022 (National Panchayati Raj Day) as a national initiative to restore/develop 75,000 'Amrit Sarovars' (ponds of at least 1 acre water area and 10,000 cubic meter water holding capacity) across India in 75 weeks — to commemorate 75 years of Independence. The mission is implemented through convergence of 6 schemes: MGNREGS (labour), 15th Finance Commission grant (civil works), PMGSY (access roads), PMKSY (watershed component), Khadi & Village Industries (khadi agarbatti units near ponds), and State Finance Commission funds. Target: 75,000 ponds (50,000 new + 25,000 restored) across 6 lakh villages. As of 2025: 60,000+ Amrit Sarovars completed. Benefits: (1) Groundwater recharge in drought-prone areas; (2) MGNREGS employment (person-days for pond digging, bunding, plantation); (3) Community fishing rights for SC/ST/OBC SHGs near ponds; (4) Irrigation for surrounding farms; (5) Cultural/religious significance of restored ponds.

Mahila Kisan Sashaktikaran Pariyojana (MKSP) is a sub-component of DAY-NRLM (Deen Dayal Antyodaya Yojana-National Rural Livelihoods Mission) focused specifically on improving the status of women in agriculture and allied activities. MKSP recognizes that 60-80% of agricultural work is done by women, yet women farmers have limited access to land, credit, extension services, and markets. The programme: (1) Trains women farmers in sustainable agriculture practices (SRI/SWI for paddy, Zero Budget Natural Farming, organic farming, multi-cropping); (2) Provides Revolving Fund (RF) and Community Investment Fund (CIF) through SHGs for agricultural inputs; (3) Supports formation of 'Krishi Sakhi' (agriculture facilitators) — women farmers trained as barefoot agriculture extensionists who advise their community; (4) Links women farmers to Kisan Credit Card, PMFBY crop insurance, and input subsidies. Over 35 lakh women farmers covered under MKSP. States with strong MKSP: Jharkhand (SRI paddy), Odisha (mangroves + paddy), Chhattisgarh (forest produce + minor millets), AP/Telangana (zero budget farming).

APAAR (Automated Permanent Academic Account Registry) is India's 'One Nation One Student ID' initiative launched in 2023 by the Ministry of Education under the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. Every student from Class 1 to postdoctoral research gets a unique 12-digit APAAR ID (permanent for life), which serves as a unified digital identity for all academic records, certificates, and achievements. APAAR is linked to the Academic Bank of Credits (ABC) at abc.gov.in — a national digital registry where all academic credits, degree certificates, diplomas, and skill certifications are stored permanently and are verifiable by employers/universities. Key features: (1) Portable: Credits earned at any institution automatically appear in APAAR account; (2) Credit transfer: Move between universities without losing credits under NEP's flexible course structure; (3) Dropout protection: If a student drops out, credits are preserved — return anytime to complete degree; (4) Employer verification: Employers can instantly verify APAAR-linked certificates — eliminates fake degrees; (5) Linked to DigiLocker for document access.

ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) Worker Incentive Scheme is a performance-based incentive programme under the National Health Mission (NHM) for India's 10.3 lakh ASHA workers — the backbone of India's primary healthcare delivery system. ASHA workers are volunteer community health workers (not government employees) who receive incentives (not salary) for specific health activities. Key incentives: Institutional delivery linkage: ₹600/delivery (rural JSY linked) + ANM incentive; Immunization: ₹75 for full immunization of a child under 2 years; TB patient tracking (PM TB Mukt Bharat): ₹1,000 for each sputum-positive TB patient notified + ₹500/month during treatment support; Family Planning: ₹150-300 per couple accepted permanent/temporary family planning methods; Pregnancy registration: ₹200 per registered pregnant woman (early ANC); Child care: ₹50 per ORS packet distributed during diarrhoea, ₹100 per severe acute malnourishment referral. Total ASHA annual earnings: ₹20,000-50,000/year in most states (some states offer additional state-specific incentives of ₹2,000-4,000/month fixed). Budget 2024-25: ASHA incentives enhanced by 25% for TB, maternal health, and immunization activities.

India's AVGC (Animation, Visual Effects, Gaming, and Comics) Promotion Task Force was announced in Union Budget 2022-23 to position India as the global hub for creative content production. Implemented through MeitY and Ministry of I&B, the task force developed the National AVGC-XR Policy (XR = Extended Reality) with a target of $20 billion AVGC-XR market by 2030 and 2.5 lakh skilled jobs. Key initiatives: (1) National Centre of Excellence (NCoE) for AVGC-XR: Set up at IIT Bombay + Film and Television Institute of India (FTII) Pune for research and talent development; (2) Centres of Excellence at IITs/NIDs: Animation, gaming, and XR labs; (3) Skill development: National AVGC-XR skill curriculum for 1 lakh professionals; (4) PLI-type incentives: Post-production incentive of 25% on qualifying India spend for international studios that produce content in India; (5) India as VFX production hub: Attracting Hollywood and OTT studios to use Indian VFX talent. India's AVGC sector has 200+ studios (Reliance/DreamWorks, Prime Focus, Makuta VFX, Red Chillies VFX) employing 80,000+ professionals.

Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana Gramin (PMAY-G) Phase 2 was announced in the Union Budget 2024-25 to construct 2 crore additional pucca houses in rural India over the next 5 years (2024-29), building on Phase 1's achievement of 2.95 crore houses. Phase 2 enhancements: (1) House assistance increased: ₹1.20 lakh in plain areas, ₹1.30 lakh in hilly/NE states (enhanced from earlier amounts); (2) MGNREGS wage linkage: 90 person-days of MGNREGS work for construction labour — earning ~₹24,000-27,000 additional income for beneficiary; (3) SBM-G convergence: Free toilet construction (Swachh Bharat Mission — Gramin); (4) Jal Jeevan Mission: Piped water tap connection; (5) DDUGJY/Saubhagya: Free electricity connection. So a PMAY-G Phase 2 house actually delivers: ₹1.20 lakh housing grant + ₹24,000 MGNREGS wages + ₹12,000 SBM-G toilet + free water + free electricity — total value ~₹1.60-1.80 lakh. Selection: Through Awaas+ survey and Gram Panchayat-level priority list.

Production Linked Incentive (PLI) Scheme for Food Processing Industry is implemented by the Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI) with a budget of ₹10,900 crore (2021-27). The scheme incentivizes food companies to increase domestic production and reduce food imports. PLI for food provides: (1) Sales-based incentive: 4-10% incentive on incremental sales above the base year (2019-20) for domestic food manufacturers — paid annually for 6 years; (2) Innovative/organic products: 10% incentive for the first 2 years, then 5-4-3% tapering; (3) Selected segments: Ready-to-eat meals, processed fruits & vegetables, marine products, mozzarella cheese, organic products, and SME food companies. Selected companies: 61 companies selected (including ITC, Britannia, Nestle, Tata Consumer, Heritage Foods, Kohinoor Foods, etc.) + 39 SME applicants. PLI is encouraging Indian food companies to achieve scale and compete globally — India's processed food export target is $50 billion by 2030.

National Programme for Organic Production (NPOP) is India's official organic certification system administered by APEDA (Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority) under the Ministry of Commerce. NPOP certification is mandatory for exporting organic food from India and is recognized by EU, USA, and Switzerland (bilateral equivalence agreements). India has 2.4 million organic farmers — world's largest in number — but organic exports are only $1.4 billion/year (2023) due to certification challenges. Alongside NPOP, the Ministry of Agriculture runs: (1) Mission Organic Value Chain Development for North East India (MOVCDNER): ₹3,000 crore for organic farming in 8 NE states — 50% subsidy on certified organic inputs + post-harvest infrastructure; (2) Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY): Already in central.ts — ₹31,500/hectare for 3 years for organic cluster formation. NPOP organic certificate enables 30-50% price premium in domestic + export markets.

Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act (RERA), enacted in 2016 and implemented through state RERA authorities, protects homebuyers from fraudulent/delayed real estate projects. RERA mandates: (1) All residential/commercial projects above 500 sq m or 8+ apartments MUST register with state RERA before any marketing/sale; (2) Developers must park 70% of project funds in a designated escrow account — preventing fund diversion; (3) Project must be delivered by RERA-registered delivery date — delay triggers 10.75%+ interest compensation to buyers; (4) 5-year defect liability: Developer must fix structural defects free for 5 years post-possession; (5) Carpet area transparency: Sale only on carpet area basis (not super-builtup); (6) RERA complaint mechanism: Homebuyers can file online complaints against developers in their state RERA; (7) Real estate agents must register with RERA — illegal to deal in unregistered projects. All 36 states/UTs have operational RERA. Homebuyer tips: Always check RERA registration before booking. Key risk: Unregistered projects have no RERA protection.

Mukhyamantri Majhi Ladki Bahin Yojana is a Maharashtra government flagship scheme launched in July 2024 that provides ₹1,500 per month direct financial assistance to eligible women to improve their economic independence and social security. Over 2.3 crore women across Maharashtra receive this benefit every month.

Namo Shetkari Maha Samman Nidhi Yojana is Maharashtra's own farmer income support scheme that provides ₹6,000 per year in addition to PM-KISAN, effectively giving Maharashtra farmers a combined ₹12,000 per year in direct income support. Over 90 lakh farmers across Maharashtra are beneficiaries. The 8th installment of ₹2,000 was approved in March 2026 with ₹1,774 crore fund released.

Mukhyamantri Yuva Karya Prashikshan Yojana (CMYKPY) is a skill-development scheme run by the Maharashtra government through the Skill, Employment, Entrepreneurship and Innovation Department and the Mahaswayam platform. Launched on 02 August 2024, it offers 6-month on-the-job apprenticeship-style training to unemployed youth aged 18–35 across industries, startups, and government and semi-government establishments. Trainees earn a monthly stipend of ₹6,000 (12th pass), ₹8,000 (ITI/Diploma), or ₹10,000 (Degree/Post-Graduation), paid by Direct Benefit Transfer straight into the candidate's Aadhaar-linked bank account. With a budget of ₹5,500 crore, the programme targets 10 lakh candidates each year and aims to bridge the gap between classroom qualifications and workplace experience.

Annasaheb Patil Mahamandal Karj Yojana is run by the Annasaheb Patil Arthik Magas Vikas Mahamandal under the Maharashtra government to support self-employment among economically weaker youth of the Maratha (EBC) community. Rather than handing out cash, it works as an interest-refund (Vyaj Partava) scheme: beneficiaries take a business loan from a participating bank, and on timely repayment the government refunds the interest directly into the borrower's Aadhaar-linked bank account, making the effective cost of borrowing close to zero. Individual loans go up to ₹10 lakh and group/enterprise loans up to ₹50 lakh, with tractor loans up to ₹15 lakh and a repayment period of up to 7 years, helping young entrepreneurs build viable ventures.

Sanjay Gandhi Niradhar Anudan Yojana is a Maharashtra government pension scheme that provides ₹1,500 per month financial assistance to destitute, disabled, widowed, seriously ill, and other vulnerable persons aged 18–65 years whose annual family income is below ₹21,000. Implemented by the Social Justice & Special Assistance Department.

Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Shetkari Karj Mukti Yojana (MJPSKY) is a farm loan waiver scheme of the Maharashtra government's Cooperation, Marketing and Textiles Department, named after social reformer Mahatma Jyotirao Phule. It waives outstanding short-term crop loans of up to ₹2 lakh taken by small and marginal farmers from nationalised banks, district cooperative banks, and Regional Rural Banks that remained unpaid as of 30 September 2019. To reward financial discipline, the scheme also pays an incentive of up to ₹50,000 to farmers who repaid their loans regularly during 2017-18, 2018-19, and 2019-20. The waiver amount is credited directly to the farmer's loan account via DBT; the programme has disbursed over ₹5,000 crore to more than 14 lakh beneficiaries.

Ramai Awas Yojana, named after Ramabai Ambedkar, is a housing scheme administered by the Maharashtra government's Social Justice & Special Assistance Department for Scheduled Caste and Neo-Buddhist families who do not own a pucca house. It provides financial assistance to build a permanent home: ₹1.32 lakh in rural areas, ₹1.42 lakh in hilly and Naxal-affected areas, and ₹2.50 lakh in urban/municipal corporation areas, plus an additional ₹12,000 for toilet construction. Only one beneficiary per family is allowed, and the applicant must be a Maharashtra resident for at least 15 years who has not benefited from any other government housing scheme. The grant is released in instalments by Direct Benefit Transfer into the beneficiary's Aadhaar-linked bank account as construction progresses.

Magel Tyala Saur Krishi Pump Yojana (also called Mukhyamantri Saur Krushi Vahini Yojana 2.0) is a Maharashtra government scheme providing 3�7.5 HP solar agricultural pumps to farmers with only 10% contribution (5% for SC/ST). No electricity bill, no load-shedding � daytime irrigation supply with a 5-year repair guarantee.

Bharatratna Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Swadhar Yojana is a scholarship-cum-maintenance scheme of the Maharashtra government's Social Justice & Special Assistance Department for Scheduled Caste and Neo-Buddhist students who qualify for a government hostel but cannot get a seat. Instead of a hostel place, the student receives an annual cash grant to cover boarding, lodging, meals, and other educational expenses while studying away from home. The amount depends on the place of study: ₹60,000 in Mumbai, Pune, Nagpur, Thane, Pimpri-Chinchwad, and Navi Mumbai; ₹51,000 in other divisional cities; ₹43,000 in other districts; and ₹38,000 at the taluka level. Applicants need at least 50% marks in the last exam and family income below ₹2.50 lakh; the grant is paid by DBT into the student's Aadhaar-linked bank account.

Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Krushi Swavalamban Yojana is an agriculture scheme run by the Maharashtra Agriculture Department for Scheduled Caste farmers to make their farms self-reliant and irrigation-secure. Through a single application on the MahaDBT Farmer portal, eligible farmers can claim component-wise assistance such as a new well (₹4 lakh), repair of an old well (₹1 lakh), in-well boring, pump sets, electricity connection, farm-pond plastic lining, micro-irrigation (up to ₹97,000 for drip and ₹47,000 for sprinkler), PVC pipes, a solar pump (₹50,000), and farm machinery (₹50,000). Applicants must be SC farmers with landholding between 0.40 and 6 hectares and 7/12 and 8A records in their own name; approved subsidies are paid by Direct Benefit Transfer into the farmer's Aadhaar-linked bank account.

Punyashlok Ahilyadevi Holkar Karjmafi Yojana 2026 is a fresh farm loan waiver announced by the Maharashtra government in its 2026 state budget, named after the 18th-century queen Ahilyadevi Holkar. It targets farmers whose short-term crop loans, taken from nationalised banks, district cooperative banks, or Regional Rural Banks, remained overdue as of 30 September 2025, offering a waiver of up to ₹2 lakh per eligible borrower. Small and marginal farmers are the priority beneficiaries, and those who repaid their loans regularly during the specified period receive a ₹50,000 incentive. The scheme was announced by CM Devendra Fadnavis in the 2026 budget; once the official portal is notified, the waiver will be credited to farmers' loan accounts through Direct Benefit Transfer.

The Chief Minister Employment Generation Programme (CMEGP) is the Maharashtra government's flagship self-employment scheme, implemented through the Directorate of Industries and the network of District Industries Centres (DICs) along with the Maharashtra Khadi & Village Industries Board. It helps first-generation entrepreneurs set up new manufacturing or service ventures by combining a bank loan with a back-ended government subsidy (margin money). Project loans go up to ₹50 lakh for manufacturing and ₹20 lakh for service and agri-based businesses, with a subsidy of 15–25% for general applicants and 25–35% for SC/ST, women, ex-servicemen, disabled, and minority applicants in rural areas. Reservations earmark 30% of seats for women and 20% for SC/ST. Applications are filed online at maha-cmegp.gov.in, screened by the DIC, and routed to banks, with subsidy credited after successful operation.

The Mahila Bachat Gat (Women Self Help Group) loan scheme operates under UMED, the Maharashtra State Rural Livelihood Mission (MSRLM), part of the Rural Development Department's effort to strengthen women-led grassroots enterprises. It enables mature women's SHGs to access bank-linked credit of up to ₹20 lakh at a concessional 4% annual interest rate, with repayment spread over about three years. To qualify, the group must be registered, at least two years old, linked to UMED, and maintain regular savings, meeting minutes, and an active SHG bank account, while members' annual family income stays below ₹3 lakh. Women use the funds for livelihood activities such as farming, dairy and goat rearing, small manufacturing, and trading, with disbursal handled through the group's bank account after UMED endorsement.

Nanaji Deshmukh Krishi Sanjivani Yojana, widely known as POCRA (Project on Climate Resilient Agriculture), is a World Bank-assisted programme implemented by the Maharashtra Agriculture Department to help farmers in rain-stressed regions cope with climate change. It covers more than 5,142 villages across 16 drought-prone districts including Amravati, Akola, Washim, Buldhana, Yavatmal, Nanded, Hingoli, Parbhani, Jalna, Aurangabad, Osmanabad, Latur, Solapur, Satara, Beed, and Nashik. Through over 25 interventions, the scheme offers 75–100% subsidy on drip and sprinkler irrigation, fruit-tree plantation, soil-health measures, farm ponds, water conservation, agro-met advisory, and livelihood activities like goat rearing for landless labourers. Small and marginal farmers are the priority beneficiaries, and subsidies are released by Direct Benefit Transfer into the Aadhaar-linked bank account after field verification, with applications filed at dbt.mahapocra.gov.in.

Maharashtra Post-Matric Scholarship on MahaDBT covers tuition fee reimbursement, maintenance allowance (₹2,500/month for hostel, ₹1,000/month for day scholars), and exam fee for SC/ST/OBC/SBC/NT students studying in recognised institutions in Maharashtra.

Atal Ghar Aawaas Yojana is Maharashtra's affordable housing initiative for EWS (annual income up to ₹3 lakh) and LIG (₹3�6 lakh) families, integrated with PM Awas Yojana 2.0. It provides interest subsidy of up to ₹1.80 lakh on housing loans and targets 35 lakh houses by 2030 under 'Majhe Ghar, Majha Adhikar' policy.

Mahatma Gandhi Tanta Mukti Yojana is a Maharashtra government initiative that incentivises gram panchayats and villages to remain dispute-free. Gram Panchayats that successfully resolve all disputes without police/court involvement receive financial awards, promoting peaceful village governance.

Mukhyamantri Annapurna Yojana is a Maharashtra government scheme providing 3 free LPG cylinders per year to BPL and Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) families. Launched in March 2024 by the Mahayuti alliance government ahead of the 2024 Maharashtra elections, the scheme benefits approximately 52 lakh families across Maharashtra. The 3 free cylinders are provided in Holi (March), Diwali (October), and a third refill — representing cooking gas support for the poorest households who already have an LPG connection under PM Ujjwala Yojana or otherwise. The benefit is delivered as a cash transfer equivalent to the cylinder cost directly to the beneficiary's Aadhaar-linked bank account.

Maharashtra Mukhyamantri Yuva Swabhiman Yojana is the state's youth employment empowerment scheme — providing free skill training + ₹5,000/month internship stipend for 100 days/year + ₹1,000 transport allowance for unemployed urban youth aged 18-35. Implemented through Mahaswayam portal — Maharashtra's employment portal. Beneficiary completes 100 days of skill-based work or training annually for 7 years. Aim: solve urban unemployment, create skilled workforce for Maharashtra industries. Targets 30 lakh unemployed urban youth. Linked to MGNREGA's urban counterpart concept.

Mukhyamantri Ladka Bhau Yojana ('Brother' Scheme) is Maharashtra's male counterpart to the hugely popular Ladki Bahin Yojana (for women). Launched in 2024 by the Mahayuti government, it provides monthly internship stipend to unemployed young men (18-35 years) for skill development and on-the-job training with companies. Stipend amounts based on educational qualification: ITI certificate holders — ₹6,000/month; Diploma holders — ₹8,000/month; Degree/Graduate and above — ₹10,000/month. Duration: 6 months internship with a registered private company. After internship, the company is encouraged (not mandated) to offer permanent employment. Implemented through Mahaswayam Employment Portal. Target: 10 lakh beneficiaries. Companies also registered on portal for participating. Maharashtra domicile mandatory. Scheme is similar to PM Internship Scheme but state-specific.

Government of India Post-Matric Scholarship for SC students in Maharashtra (administered by Social Justice & Special Assistance Department) covers FULL tuition fees + maintenance allowance ₹230-₹1,200/month + book allowance + study tour allowance for SC students from Class 11 to PhD. Applied through MahaDBT portal (mahadbt.maharashtra.gov.in). Family income limit ₹2.5 lakh/year. 8 lakh+ Maharashtra SC students benefit annually.

Government of India Post-Matric Scholarship for ST students in Maharashtra (administered by Tribal Development Department) covers FULL tuition fees + maintenance ₹380-₹1,200/month + book allowance for ST students from Class 11 to PhD. Applied through MahaDBT portal. Family income limit ₹2.5 lakh. 5 lakh+ Maharashtra ST students benefit annually.

Run by Maharashtra's VJNT, OBC & SBC Welfare Department and routed entirely through the MahaDBT portal, this Post-Matric Scholarship helps Other Backward Class students stay in formal education from Class 11 right up to PhD. The state covers the recognised tuition fee directly and adds a monthly maintenance allowance of ₹160-₹1,000 depending on the course, along with a book grant. Because the benefit reaches students by Direct Benefit Transfer, an Aadhaar-seeded bank account is essential and no middleman is involved. A key feature of the OBC track is its tighter eligibility net: the family income ceiling is ₹1.5 lakh and a valid Non-Creamy Layer certificate is compulsory. Roughly 12 lakh OBC students across Maharashtra apply each year.

Post-Matric Scholarship for Special Backward Classes (SBC) students in Maharashtra provides tuition + maintenance ₹160-₹1,000/month + book allowance for SBC students Class 11 to PhD. SBC = communities recognized as backward by Maharashtra State but not in central OBC list. Apply through MahaDBT portal. Family income ≤ ₹1.5 lakh. 1 lakh+ SBC students benefit annually.

Post-Matric Scholarship for VJNT (Vimukta Jati & Nomadic Tribes) students in Maharashtra provides tuition + maintenance ₹160-₹1,000/month + book allowance. VJNT = denotified tribes + nomadic tribes (e.g., Banjara, Pardhi, Vadar, Vanjari, Gosavi). Apply through MahaDBT portal. Family income ≤ ₹1.5 lakh. 3 lakh+ VJNT students benefit annually.

Post-Matric Scholarship for Minority students in Maharashtra (Muslim, Christian, Sikh, Buddhist, Parsi, Jain) provides tuition + maintenance ₹230-₹1,200/month + book allowance. Apply through MahaDBT portal. Family income ≤ ₹2 lakh. Administered by Maharashtra Minority Welfare Department. 2 lakh+ minority students benefit annually.

Rajarshi Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj Merit Scholarship is Maharashtra's premier merit-based scholarship for OBC, SBC, and VJNT students scoring TOP 10% marks in board exams. Provides ₹15,000-₹25,000/year scholarship for higher studies. Applied via MahaDBT portal. Named after social reformer king Shahu Maharaj of Kolhapur who championed education for backward classes. 5 lakh+ apply annually.

Eklavya Scholarship Maharashtra is the merit-based scholarship for graduation students (any category) scoring 60%+ in Class 12 AND family income ≤ ₹1 lakh. Provides ₹6,000/year for 3-4 years of graduation. Administered by Maharashtra Higher Education Department via MahaDBT portal. Open to all categories — SC/ST/OBC/General. ~50,000 students benefit annually.

Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Hostel Maintenance Allowance is Maharashtra's flagship scheme for SC/VJNT/SBC/NT-B/NT-C/NT-D students staying in private hostels (because government hostels are full or unavailable). Provides ₹38,000/year (₹3,000-₹3,500/month) to cover hostel rent + food. Named after Maharashtra's first Minister of Education. Applied via MahaDBT. 1 lakh+ students benefit annually.

Maharashtra Economically Backward Classes (EBC) Tuition Fee + Examination Fee Reimbursement Scheme covers 100% tuition and exam fees for general category students from low-income families. Eligible courses: graduation, professional courses (engineering, medical, MBA, law). Family income ≤ ₹8 lakh. Apply via MahaDBT portal. Over 8 lakh students benefit annually.

Post-Matric Scholarship for Persons with Disabilities (PwD) in Maharashtra (Department of Persons with Disabilities) provides tuition fee + maintenance allowance + disability allowance for students with 40%+ disability. From Class 11 to PhD. Apply through MahaDBT portal. No income limit (universal coverage for PwD). 30,000+ Maharashtra PwD students benefit annually.

Minority Hostel Maintenance Allowance Maharashtra provides ₹3,000-₹5,000/month to minority community students (Muslim, Christian, Sikh, Buddhist, Parsi, Jain) staying in hostels for Class 11-12 and higher education. Administered by Maharashtra Minority Welfare Department via MahaDBT. Family income ≤ ₹2 lakh. 50,000+ minority students benefit annually.

Mahatma Jyotirao Phule Educational Concession (Karjmukti Yojana) provides 100% educational fee waiver for OBC/SBC/VJNT GIRLS studying graduation and professional courses in Maharashtra. Honors Mahatma Phule who pioneered girls' education in India. Apply via MahaDBT portal. Family income ≤ ₹8 lakh. Aim: encourage girls from backward classes to pursue higher education.

Maharashtra State Government Scholarship for Meritorious Class 11-12 Students provides ₹3,000-₹5,000/year to students scoring TOP marks in Class 10 board exams from Maharashtra State Board. Encourages talented students to continue higher secondary education in Maharashtra. Apply via MahaDBT portal after admission to Class 11. Higher amount (₹5,000) for Science stream.

Educational Concession for State Government Employees' Children Maharashtra provides 100% tuition fee reimbursement for children of Maharashtra State Government employees (Class 1 to PG). Salary limit: parents' combined salary should not exceed defined slab. Includes school + college level education. Apply via MahaDBT portal. 1 lakh+ government employees' children benefit annually.

Pramod Mahajan Skill Development Programme Maharashtra provides FREE skill training + monthly stipend ₹1,500-₹3,000 to youth aged 18-35 for short-term skill courses (IT, healthcare, retail, hospitality, beauty, automotive). Implemented by Maharashtra State Skill Development Society (MSSDS). Named after BJP leader Pramod Mahajan. Apply via MahaDBT for stipend; training centres listed separately.

Pre-Matric Scholarship for Children of Those Engaged in Unclean Occupations (manual scavengers, tannery workers, flayers) in Maharashtra. Provides ₹1,850/year + free uniforms, books for Class 1-10 students. Applied via MahaDBT under Social Justice Department. Aim: break inter-generational cycle of socially backward occupations through education. Critical social justice scheme.

Vasantrao Naik Vimukta Jati Bhatkya Jamati Vikas Mahamandal Scholarship Maharashtra provides educational support to VJNT (Vimukta Jati & Nomadic Tribes) students for higher education, professional courses, and overseas studies. Named after former Maharashtra CM Vasantrao Naik. Apply via MahaDBT. Includes tuition fee + maintenance + book allowance + foreign education scholarship.

Sanjay Gandhi Niradhar Anudan Yojana Maharashtra provides ₹1,500/month financial support to destitute persons, orphans, widows, divorcees, disabled, terminally ill, and other vulnerable groups. Named after former PM Sanjay Gandhi. Aim: provide basic livelihood support to those without family/financial security. Applied via MahaDBT under Social Justice Department.

Maharashtra provides FREE government hostel accommodation + meals for SC, ST, OBC, VJNT, SBC, and Minority students studying Class 8 onwards. Implemented across 1,500+ government hostels statewide. Includes free bed/room, food (3 meals), study facilities, books, and personal care kit. Family income ≤ ₹2.5 lakh. Apply via MahaDBT or directly at hostel.

Mukhyamantri Kanya Sumangala Yojana is a Uttar Pradesh government scheme that provides Rs.25,000 to girl children across 6 stages from birth to graduation, promoting girl child welfare, education, and gender equality. Launched in April 2019, over 1.5 crore girl beneficiaries have been covered. Annual family income must be below Rs.3 lakh. Apply at mksy.up.gov.in. The benefit is transferred directly to the mother's/girl's bank account via DBT.

Uttar Pradesh government distributes free laptops and tablets to meritorious students who passed Class 10 and Class 12 from UP Board to promote digital education.

Uttar Pradesh Social Security Pension (SSPY) provides ₹1,000 per month to three categories: Old Age (60+), Widow (18–60), and Disabled (40%+ disability). The pension is paid quarterly as ₹3,000 directly into the Aadhaar-linked bank account via DBT. Over 1 crore beneficiaries receive SSPY pension in UP. Apply online at sspy-up.gov.in.

उत्तर प्रदेश सरकार की रानी लक्ष्मीबाई स्कूटी योजना में UP Board की 12वीं कक्षा में 75% या अधिक अंक लाने वाली मेधावी छात्राओं को मुफ्त स्कूटी दी जाती है। सरकारी और सरकारी सहायता प्राप्त स्कूलों की छात्राएं पात्र हैं।

Uttar Pradesh Sewayojan portal (sewayojan.up.nic.in) is the state's official employment exchange and unemployment assistance platform for educated youth. Candidates aged 18 to 35 years who are 12th pass or above can register for free to access government job alerts, state-run employment fair (Rojgar Mela) invitations, and placement support from the Sewayojan department. Private companies also post verified vacancies on the portal. Registered job seekers receive SMS alerts for matching job openings and can directly apply to Rojgar Melas conducted across all 75 UP districts. The portal is free to use — any middlemen asking for fees should be reported.

Uttar Pradesh Kisan Rin Mochan Yojana waives agricultural loans up to ₹1 lakh for small and marginal farmers. Over 86 lakh UP farmers have benefited. Check your loan waiver status at upkisankarjrahat.upsdc.gov.in.

Mukhyamantri Awas Yojana UP (Urban) provides financial assistance for housing to slum dwellers, street vendors, and urban poor in Uttar Pradesh cities — integrated with PM Awas Yojana Urban 2.0.

The UP Shram Card (Nirman Shramik registration) is issued by the Uttar Pradesh Building and Other Construction Workers Welfare Board (UPBOCW) under the state Labour Department to give construction labourers a single gateway to welfare. Once registered on upbocw.in, masons, carpenters, painters, plumbers and helpers unlock children's scholarships ranging from ₹4,000 to ₹22,000 a year, marriage assistance of ₹55,000 for a daughter, additional housing-scheme support, accident insurance and an old-age pension. Most cash benefits become payable after one year of membership and reach the worker through Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) into an Aadhaar-linked bank account, with no middleman. The card must be renewed every three years to keep the benefits active.

Mukhyamantri Bal Seva Yojana is run by the Women Welfare Department of Uttar Pradesh for children who lost one or both parents to COVID-19 from March 2020 onwards. The scheme combines income support with long-term care: ₹4,000 a month financial assistance routed to the guardian's account, free residential schooling in Atal Avasiya Vidyalayas, free education up to graduation for girls, a tablet or laptop for students in Class 9 and above, and ₹1.01 lakh towards a girl's marriage. Applications are accepted online at mksy.up.gov.in or offline through the District Probation Office, and a district-level task force verifies each case before the monthly amount is sent by Direct Benefit Transfer. Roughly 4,500 orphaned children across UP are supported under the scheme.

UP Scholarship Portal (scholarship.up.gov.in) is Uttar Pradesh's official Social Welfare Department-run online scholarship platform — DIFFERENT from the central National Scholarship Portal (NSP) — that disburses Pre-Matric (Class 9-10), Post-Matric (Class 11 to PG/Professional), and PhD scholarships exclusively to UP-domicile students from SC, ST, OBC, General, Minority, and EWS communities. The UP scheme is funded entirely by the Uttar Pradesh State Budget and managed by 5 nodal UP departments: Samaj Kalyan (SC/General), Pichada Varg Kalyan (OBC), Alpsankhyak Kalyan (Minority), Janjati Kalyan (ST), and Divyangjan Kalyan (PWD). Approximately 2.5 crore UP students receive annual scholarships from ₹3,500 (Pre-Matric SC Class 9) to ₹22,000 (Post-Matric SC Engineering/Medical) — making UP's the LARGEST state-level scholarship programme in India. Fresh applications open July–September; renewals August–November. DBT credit directly to student's Aadhaar-linked SBI/PNB UP bank account.

Mukhyamantri Abhyudaya Yojana provides free coaching for UPSC (IAS/IPS), UPPSC (PCS), NDA, CDS, JEE, NEET, and other competitive examinations to underprivileged students of Uttar Pradesh. Classes are conducted by senior IAS/IPS officers as guest faculty at designated coaching centres in all 75 districts. Free study material, e-learning content, and mock tests are provided.

One District One Product (ODOP) is Uttar Pradesh's flagship scheme to promote traditional crafts and local industries — one product per district. Artisans and small businesses get financial assistance (loan up to ₹25 lakh at concessional rates), training, common facility centres, marketing support, and e-commerce tie-ups. UP has 75 districts with 75 unique ODOP products including Varanasi silk, Agra leather, Moradabad brassware, Lucknow chikankari, Firozabad glass.

Uttar Pradesh Nishulk Boring Yojana (Free Boring Scheme) provides free borewell installation to small and marginal farmers for agricultural irrigation. Under the scheme, a pump set is also provided at subsidised rates or free. The scheme targets farmers with less than 2 hectares land (small) and less than 1 hectare (marginal). Pump set capacity up to 5 HP is covered. The scheme is implemented by the Minor Irrigation Department of UP.

Mukhyamantri Yuva Udyami Vikas Abhiyan (MYUVA) is Uttar Pradesh government's flagship entrepreneurship scheme providing interest-free loans up to ₹5 lakh to 1 lakh youth per year to start their own businesses. The scheme targets 18-35 year old UP youth who have completed Class 8. Loan is collateral-free and interest-free for 2 years. Implemented through DigiShakti portal and processed via state-level banks. Part of CM Yogi Adityanath's 'Double Engine' government youth push.

Atal Awasiya Vidyalaya Yojana is Uttar Pradesh government's flagship residential school scheme providing free high-quality boarding education to children of migrant workers, labour-class families, and orphans who have been out of school. Launched in 2022 by CM Yogi Adityanath under the UP Mukhyamantri Balaseva Yojana umbrella, the scheme operates 18 Atal Awasiya Vidyalayas across UP — one per division. Each school provides free accommodation, nutritious meals, uniforms, textbooks, and quality CBSE-affiliated education from Class 6 to 12. Children of construction workers, brick kiln labourers, stone quarry workers, sugarcane cutters, and migrant daily wage labourers — who frequently move and cannot give their children stable schooling — are the primary target. Over 5,000 children study in these residential schools across UP.

UP Farmer ID (Farmer Registry) is the Uttar Pradesh government's implementation of the central Agristack initiative — a unique 12-digit Farmer ID linked to Aadhaar that consolidates land records, crop history, scheme benefits (PM-Kisan, PMFBY, KCC), and digital identity for every farmer in UP. Mandatory for receiving PM-Kisan installments from 2025 onwards. Over 2.62 crore farmers in UP are being registered. Registration is FREE via Lekhpal (village patwari), Common Service Centre (CSC), or self-registration on upfr.agristack.gov.in / upagriculture.com. The Farmer ID enables faster scheme disbursement, paperless land transactions, automated crop loss compensation, and reduced fraud.

UP Shadi Anudan Yojana is the marriage assistance scheme by Uttar Pradesh government providing ₹51,000 to BPL families for daughter's marriage. Earlier ₹20,000-₹35,000, enhanced to ₹51,000 in 2024. Targets SC/ST, OBC, Minority, General BPL families. Up to 2 daughters per family. Application within 90 days BEFORE or 90 days AFTER marriage. Applied through online portal shadianudan.upsdc.gov.in. Documents: marriage certificate/invitation, income proof, caste certificate, Aadhaar. Over 5 lakh marriages assisted annually.

BC Sakhi Yojana (Banking Correspondent Sakhi Yojana) was launched by CM Yogi Adityanath in May 2020 to deploy women SHG members as Banking Correspondents in Uttar Pradesh villages. Selected women (Banking Sakhis) receive ₹4,000/month stipend for 6 months, ₹50,000 device subsidy from the bank, and ongoing transaction-based commission income. 58,000 Banking Sakhis have been deployed across all 75 UP districts. This scheme brings banking services to doorsteps of rural households and provides dignified employment to rural women.

Mukhyamantri Samuhik Vivah Yojana UP is a group marriage ceremony organized at district level by the Social Welfare Department for poor and destitute families. Each couple receives ₹51,000 total benefit: ₹35,000 DBT to bride's bank account, ₹10,000 worth of household goods gifted at the ceremony, and ₹6,000 per couple for ceremony arrangement. This is DIFFERENT from UP Shadi Anudan — this is a government-organized mass wedding ceremony at district headquarters. Widow and divorcee remarriage is also covered. Launched 2017, the scheme has benefited lakhs of poor families across all UP districts annually.

Rashtriya Parivarik Labh Yojana (RPBY / NFBS) is a National Family Benefit Scheme implemented by the Uttar Pradesh Social Welfare Department. It provides ₹30,000 lump sum financial assistance to BPL families on the death of their breadwinner aged 18-60 years. The application must be submitted within 1 year of the breadwinner's death. Funds are transferred via DBT. The scheme covers both natural and accidental deaths. Apply at nfbs.upsdc.gov.in.

Vishwakarma Shram Samman Yojana UP is an Uttar Pradesh STATE government scheme launched in 2018 for traditional artisans — carpenter, blacksmith, barber, tailor, cobbler, basket weaver, goldsmith, and potter. This is a UP-specific scheme, predating and distinct from the Central PM Vishwakarma Scheme. Benefits include 6-day free residential skill training, ₹10,000 advanced toolkit for the specific trade, and concessional loans from ₹10,000 to ₹10 lakh via UPKVIB. Apply at diupmsme.upsdc.gov.in.

Mukhyamantri Jan Arogya Yojana (MMJAY) is a Uttar Pradesh state health insurance scheme launched in 2019 to supplement PM-JAY (Ayushman Bharat) for families not covered in the SECC database. It provides ₹5 lakh cashless medical treatment per family per year at 1,500+ empanelled hospitals across UP. Targeting 1.71 crore additional UP families who hold Jan Aadhaar/ration cards but are not in PMJAY coverage. Together PMJAY + MMJAY = Ayushman UP covering all eligible poor families.

UP Mukhyamantri Swarozgar Yojana is a self-employment loan scheme for educated unemployed youth and traditional artisans in Uttar Pradesh. Maximum loan: Manufacturing ₹25 lakh, Service sector ₹10 lakh, Business/Trade ₹5 lakh. Margin money subsidy: 25% for General/OBC category, 50% for SC/ST/Women/Physically Disabled/Ex-servicemen. Implemented via UPKVIB and participating nationalized banks. Apply at diupmsme.upsdc.gov.in. This scheme has been running since 2003 and has supported thousands of entrepreneurs across UP.

Mukhyamantri Krishak Durghatna Kalyan Yojana UP is a FREE farmer accident insurance scheme with NO premium charged to farmers. On death in accident: ₹5 lakh to family. Complete disability (loss of both limbs/eyes): ₹5 lakh. Partial disability (loss of one limb/eye): ₹2.5 lakh. Covers all land-owning or cultivating farmers aged 18-70 years including tenant farmers recorded in UP revenue records. Apply via Tehsildar/Lekhpal within 45 days of the accident. 2.38 crore registered farmer families covered in Uttar Pradesh.

Run by the Labour Department of Uttar Pradesh, the UP Building & Other Construction Workers (BOCW) Welfare Board is the single window through which masons, painters, carpenters, plumbers, electricians and other site labourers across the state can claim social security. Once a worker enrolls at upbocw.in — a one-time formality costing just ₹20/year and requiring proof of 90+ days on construction work — the whole family becomes covered. From that single ID flow more than twenty distinct benefits: maternity assistance of ₹30,000, a daughter's marriage grant of ₹55,000-₹1 lakh, children's scholarships from ₹150 up to ₹10,000/month, laptops or tablets worth ₹15,000-₹25,000 for high-scoring children, a ₹1,500/month pension after age 60, ₹5 lakh on accidental death, a toolkit grant of ₹8,000-₹15,000, plus free skill training and medical aid. More than 40 lakh construction workers in UP are already on the rolls.

UP Mukhyamantri Solar Pump Yojana is UP's implementation of PM-KUSUM Component B providing solar pumps of 2 HP to 10 HP capacity to farmers at heavily subsidized rates. Subsidy: 30% Central + 30% State = 60% total for general category farmers. For small/marginal and SC/ST farmers: up to 90% subsidy (farmer pays only 10%). Target: 10 lakh solar pumps across Uttar Pradesh to replace diesel pumps and reduce irrigation cost to near-zero. Apply at upagriculture.com or agriculture.up.gov.in. Lakhs of farmers have already received solar pumps in UP.

UP Gopalak Yojana is a loan-cum-subsidy scheme for starting or expanding dairy and cattle farming in Uttar Pradesh. For 5-10 cows: bank loan up to ₹4.5 lakh; for 10-20 cows: up to ₹9 lakh. The UP government pays 4% interest subsidy — farmers pay only 3% effective interest rate. Conditions: Must build a cattle shed and purchase local/crossbred high-yield cattle. Implemented via NABARD-linked banks and UP Pashu Dhan Prasar. Apply at animalhusb.upsdc.gov.in. Launched in 2016, this scheme has supported lakhs of dairy farmers across Uttar Pradesh.

UP Mukhyamantri Internship Yojana, run through the state Directorate of Employment, places unemployed graduates and post-graduates aged 18-35 into six-month paid internships across government departments, public sector undertakings such as UPPCL and UPSRTC, and local bodies. Interns earn a monthly stipend of ₹2,500, credited directly to an Aadhaar-linked bank account, and finish with a government-issued work-experience certificate that strengthens future recruitment and higher-study applications. More than 50,000 seats are spread across departments, with selection made on merit through the Sewayojan portal at sewayojan.up.nic.in. The scheme is designed to give young people real exposure to public administration rather than a permanent appointment, though completers may receive preference in some state recruitment cycles.

UP Khet Suraksha Yojana provides solar-powered electric fencing to protect crops from wild animals including stray cattle, nilgai, and wild boar. Farmers receive a 60% subsidy on the cost of solar fencing, with maximum subsidy up to ₹1.43 lakh per kilometre. A minimum landholding of 0.5 hectare is required, and over 2 lakh farmers have benefited since launch.

Administered by the Divyangjan Sashaktikaran Vibhag (Department for Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities) of Uttar Pradesh, this scheme puts a dependable ₹1,000 a month into the hands of people living with a disability of 40% or more. The pension is only the headline benefit: registered divyangjan in UP can also receive free assistive devices such as tricycles, crutches and hearing aids, ride UP state roadways buses without paying a fare, and tap scholarships meant for divyang students. Everything routes through the state's single pension portal, sspy.up.gov.in, where money is sent straight to an Aadhaar-linked bank account by DBT so no middleman touches it. More than 11 lakh persons across the state currently draw this pension, making it one of UP's widest-reaching welfare measures for the disabled.

UP Nirashrit Mahila Pension Yojana provides a monthly pension of ₹1,000 to destitute and abandoned women aged 18 and above who have no means of livelihood. Divorced, abandoned, separated, and unmarried women with no male support are eligible. Over 30 lakh women receive this pension through the sspy.up.gov.in portal.

UP OBC Pre-Matric Scholarship provides monthly financial assistance of ₹400 (day scholar) to ₹700 (hosteller) to OBC students studying in Classes 1 to 10 in Uttar Pradesh. The scheme also covers tuition fees and is open to students whose parents' annual income is below ₹2.5 lakh. Applications are submitted through the scholarship.up.gov.in portal.

UP Mahila Samarthya Yojana supports women's self-help groups (SHGs) through free skill training in 8 sectors, market linkages, and enterprise development support. Priority is given to women in Aspirational Districts, and revolving fund support of ₹15,000 is provided per SHG. The scheme is managed by UP State Rural Livelihood Mission (UPSRLM) under Mahila Kalyan Vibhag.

UP BOCW Matritva Shishu Evam Balika Madad Yojana provides financial benefits to registered construction worker families. Benefits include ₹25,000 lump sum for girl child birth, ₹20,000 for boy child, and ₹1,500/month maternity allowance for 3 months. The worker must be registered on upbocw.in for a minimum of 90 days before claiming the benefit.

UP Kamadhenu Pashu Bima Yojana provides livestock insurance to UP farmers for cattle and buffalo against death due to accident or disease. Coverage is ₹40,000 per cow, ₹50,000 per buffalo, and up to ₹80,000 for high-yield exotic breeds. BPL farmers pay only 50% of the insurance premium, while other farmers pay the full premium. Applications are processed through the Animal Husbandry Department or nearest Pashu Chikitsalay.

UP Mukhyamantri Gramodyog Rozgar Yojana supports rural self-employment through village industries including Khadi, food processing, and handicrafts. Loans up to ₹10 lakh are provided at subsidized interest rates, with 50% interest subsidy for general category and 100% subsidy for SC/ST, women, and ex-servicemen. The scheme is implemented through UP Khadi & Village Industries Board (UPKVIB) and has benefited over 5 lakh people.

UP Mahila Udyam Nidhi Yojana provides low-interest loans ranging from ₹50,000 to ₹10 lakh at 4% subsidized interest to women entrepreneurs in UP for starting or expanding micro and small enterprises. Managed by UP Mahila Nidhi, the scheme prioritizes SHG members, widows, divyang women, and minority women. Loans up to ₹2 lakh are collateral-free.

UP Krishi Yantra Anudan Yojana provides subsidies of 40-50% for general farmers and up to 80% for SC/ST, small, and marginal farmers on agricultural machinery purchases. The scheme covers tractors, rotavators, threshers, seed drills, sprinklers, harvesters, power weeders, and ploughs. Applications are made through upagriculture.com using a token or lottery system, with an annual budget of over ₹500 crore.

UP Jal Jeevan Mission is the state implementation of the Central Jal Jeevan Mission that aims to provide a free Functional Household Tap Connection (FHTC) to every rural household in Uttar Pradesh. Out of 2.64 crore targeted rural households, over 1.8 crore connections have been provided at 55 LPCD (litres per capita per day). Water sources include groundwater, canal, and surface water depending on the area.

UPSRLM (UP State Rural Livelihood Mission) forms women's Self Help Groups (SHGs) in rural UP and provides ₹15,000 revolving fund as seed money, ₹1.25 lakh Community Investment Fund (CIF), free skill training, and market linkages. SHG members can further access bank loans of ₹3-6 lakh at 7% interest under Deen Dayal Antyodaya Yojana. Over 60 lakh women are enrolled in 5.5 lakh+ SHGs across UP.

Mukhyamantri Chiranjeevi Mangal Bima Yojana is Rajasthan's flagship universal health insurance scheme providing ₹25 lakh cashless medical treatment per family per year at 1,000+ empanelled government and private hospitals. Originally launched in 2021 as 'Chiranjeevi Swasthya Bima Yojana' by the Congress government, it was continued and renamed 'Chiranjeevi Mangal Bima Yojana' by the BJP government in 2024. BPL families, NFSA card holders, small and marginal farmers, and government contractual workers get coverage FREE. Other Rajasthan families can join for ₹850/year premium. Over 1.35 crore families are enrolled. Jan Aadhaar card is the gateway — use it at any empanelled hospital for cashless treatment.

Indira Gandhi Matritva Poshan Yojana is a maternal-nutrition scheme run by the Women & Child Development (WCD) Department of the Rajasthan government. It is aimed at pregnant women carrying their second child onwards, who often miss out on first-child maternity support. Eligible mothers receive ₹6,000 paid in four instalments — released against milestones from first-trimester Anganwadi registration through antenatal check-ups, institutional delivery and completion of the child's immunisation. The money is transferred straight into the woman's own Aadhaar-linked bank account through Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT), so there are no middlemen. The goal is to improve nutrition for mother and baby, encourage hospital deliveries and bring down maternal and infant mortality across the state.

Rajasthan Palanhar Yojana provides monthly financial assistance to families who raise orphaned or destitute children to ensure their welfare, education, and nutrition.

Rajasthan Devnarayan Scooty Yojana provides free scooty to girl students from Extremely Backward Class (EBC/OBC) who score 50% or above in Class 12 from a Rajasthan board school.

Rajasthan Mukhyamantri Vriddhavastha Samman Pension Yojana provides monthly pension of ₹750 to senior citizens aged 55–74 years (women) / 58–74 years (men) and ₹1,000 per month to those aged 75 years and above.

Rajasthan Indira Gandhi Smartphone Yojana provides free 4G smartphones with 3-year internet connectivity to women heads of Chiranjeevi families and enrolled girl students. The scheme distributed 1.35 crore smartphones in Phase 1 and Phase 2. The phone comes pre-loaded with government apps and includes SIM with 3-year data plan.

Mukhyamantri Yuva Sambal Yojana provides unemployment allowance to educated unemployed youth of Rajasthan — ₹4,500/month to men, ₹4,500/month to women/transgender (same rate). The allowance is given for a maximum of 2 years or until the youth gets employed, whichever is earlier. Apply at employment.livelihoods.rajasthan.gov.in.

Mukhyamantri Rajshri Yojana is Rajasthan government's scheme to promote girl child welfare, health and education by providing ₹50,000 total in 6 instalments from birth to Class 12. Launched in June 2016, it replaces the earlier Shubh Laxmi scheme. Benefits are DBT to mother's/girl's Aadhaar-linked bank account at each milestone.

Jan Aadhaar is Rajasthan government's unique family identity card (replacing Bhamashah Card) that acts as the single gateway for all state government schemes and Direct Benefit Transfers (DBT). Every family in Rajasthan must have a Jan Aadhaar to avail benefits of Chiranjeevi, Rajshri, Palanhar, Scholarship, and 50+ other state schemes. Apply free at janaadhaar.rajasthan.gov.in or e-Mitra kiosk.

Mukhyamantri Nishulk Dawa Yojana (MNDWY) is Rajasthan's flagship free medicine scheme providing 712 essential medicines, 127 surgical items, and 181 suture materials completely free at all government hospitals and health centres. Launched in 2011, over 67 crore OPD visits have been covered. No means testing — available to ALL patients visiting government facilities. Rajasthan's scheme is considered the best state medicine scheme in India and has been studied as a model nationwide.

Rajasthan Nishulk Uniform Yojana provides free school uniforms (2 sets) and woollen sweaters to students enrolled in government schools from Class 1 to Class 8. Over 70 lakh students across Rajasthan benefit annually. Uniform amount credited directly to mother's bank account (DBT), or uniform distributed through school. Launched under the flagship Rajasthan Free Textbook + Uniform package. School Darpan portal tracks distribution. No application required — automatic for enrolled government school students.

Indira Gandhi Shahari Rozgar Guarantee Yojana (IGSRGY), launched in September 2022, is Rajasthan's landmark urban employment guarantee scheme — effectively an urban MGNREGA. It guarantees 125 days of work per household per year to urban residents in all municipal bodies of Rajasthan. Wage: Rs 259/day. Types of work: parks, roads, sanitation, water supply, heritage conservation, plantation, etc. Over 5.5 lakh urban households registered. Apply at irgyurban.rajasthan.gov.in.

Mukhyamantri Kisan Mitra Urja Yojana (MMKUY) is Rajasthan government's electricity subsidy scheme providing Rs 1,000 per month (Rs 12,000/year) to non-government agricultural electricity connection holders. Launched in May 2021, the scheme benefits approximately 11 lakh farmers across Rajasthan. The subsidy is credited against the electricity bill — farmers whose bill is less than ₹1,000 pay zero; those with higher bills pay the difference. The scheme aims to ease the electricity cost burden on farmers using electric tube wells and irrigation pumps.

Mukhyamantri Anuprati Coaching Yojana is Rajasthan's flagship free competitive exam coaching scheme for students from SC, ST, OBC, MBC, EWS, and economically weak general categories. Launched in 2021, the scheme provides free high-quality coaching for UPSC Civil Services (IAS/IPS), Rajasthan PSC (RAS/RTS), Sub-Inspector (SI), Constable, REET (teacher recruitment), IIT-JEE, NEET-UG, CLAT (law), and CAFC (CA) examinations at registered coaching institutes. Eligible students also receive a monthly living allowance of ₹40,000/year (₹3,333/month) if studying outside their hometown, covering travel and food. Over 30,000 students are selected annually. Apply at sje.rajasthan.gov.in — selection is merit-based using 10th/12th/graduation marks.

Indira Mahila Shakti Udyam Protsahan Yojana is Rajasthan government's women entrepreneurship scheme providing bank loans of ₹5 lakh to ₹1 crore to women entrepreneurs and SHG (Self Help Group) federations with a 25% subsidy (maximum ₹25 lakh) on the loan amount. The scheme targets individual women entrepreneurs, SHG members, and Women Joint Liability Groups (JLGs) who want to start or expand a business in Rajasthan. Priority is given to SC/ST/OBC women and women in rural areas. Additionally, women in the manufacturing sector can get loans up to ₹5 crore with 25% subsidy capped at ₹1.25 crore. Launched in 2019–20 by the Congress government and continued by the subsequent BJP government.

Indira Gandhi Smartphone Yojana (renamed Mukhyamantri Free Mobile Yojana under current BJP government) is Rajasthan's flagship free smartphone scheme. Originally launched by Congress government in 2023; continued (with branding change) under BJP government 2024+. Provides FREE smartphone + 3 years of FREE internet/calling data (9 months prepaid + auto-recharge by govt) to 1.35 crore women heads of family in Rajasthan, especially Chiranjeevi Health Insurance + NREGA + Single Women categories. Total budget ₹12,000+ crore.

Mukhyamantri Uchch Shiksha Chhatravritti Yojana is Rajasthan's flagship merit scholarship for meritorious students from poor families (annual family income ≤ ₹2.5 lakh) entering higher education (UG/PG) after Class 12. Awards 36,000 scholarships per year — 24,000 for students scoring in TOP 1% of RBSE/CBSE 12th board exams (₹500-₹2,000 per month — varies UG/PG/PhD; up to ₹2 lakh total per student over course duration) + 12,000 for students based on family income criterion in UG/PG. Scheme covers both government and private recognized colleges/universities in Rajasthan. Administered by Rajasthan Department of Higher and Technical Education. Apply on Rajasthan SSO portal (sso.rajasthan.gov.in) → Scholarship → Higher Education during August-November.

Kamdhenu Bima Yojana Rajasthan is the state government's cattle insurance scheme providing ₹40,000 insurance cover per animal (cow or buffalo) against death or permanent disability. Maximum 2 animals per family gives total coverage of ₹80,000. BPL families get fully government-paid premium — no cost to them. APL families pay a nominal subsidised premium of ₹100–₹200 per animal per year. In case of animal death, a veterinary certificate and FIR must be filed within 7 days. The scheme is administered by the Animal Husbandry Department, Rajasthan, and is separate from the central Kamdhenu scheme. First launched in 2013 under the Vasundhara Raje government, it has been continued and expanded with improvements.

Vishwakarma Kamgar Kalyan Yojana Rajasthan is the state government's welfare scheme for traditional artisans and street vendors. Launched in 2023, it provides ₹5,000 trade-specific toolkit assistance, accident insurance of ₹2 lakh, health insurance through Chiranjeevi Yojana, market linkage support, and a one-time ₹5,000 gift to newly married couples among registered workers. The scheme targets 30,000 artisans annually across trades including blacksmiths, potters, weavers, cobblers, barbers, carpenters, and tailors. This is Rajasthan's own state scheme — distinct from the central PM Vishwakarma scheme launched later in 2023. Administered jointly by the Labour Department and Industries Department of Rajasthan.

Ambedkar DBT Voucher Yojana Rajasthan provides monthly accommodation assistance to SC/ST/OBC/EWS/MBC students who are studying outside their home town at government or aided institutions in Rajasthan. SC/ST students receive ₹2,000 per month (₹20,000 per year for 10 months) and OBC/EWS/MBC/SBC students receive ₹1,500 per month (₹15,000 per year). Available for students studying in divisional headquarters or district headquarters cities. Family income limit is ₹2.5 lakh per year for SC/ST and ₹1.5 lakh per year for OBC/EWS categories. Launched in 2021-22 to reduce dropout rates by addressing accommodation costs for outstation students from marginalised communities.

Mukhyamantri Kisan Sathi Yojana Rajasthan is a fully state-funded farmer accident insurance scheme providing ₹5 lakh death benefit to the family of a farmer who dies in an accident. For permanent full disability (loss of both limbs/eyes) ₹3 lakh is paid; for permanent partial disability (loss of one limb/eye) ₹1.5 lakh is paid. The scheme covers all farmers registered in Rajasthan with Jan Aadhaar, aged 5–70 years, who own or cultivate land. Application must be made within 30 days of the accident through the Tehsildar or Patwari. Launched in 2021 by merging and revamping older farmer accident schemes. No premium required — fully government-funded.

Rajasthan Ekal Nari Samman Pension Yojana provides monthly pension to single women including widows, abandoned women, divorced women, and unmarried women above 45 years who are residents of Rajasthan with annual income below ₹48,000. Pension amounts increase with age: ₹500/month (18–54 years), ₹750/month (55–59 years), ₹1,000/month (60–74 years), and ₹1,500/month (75 years and above). Launched in 2013 and administered through the Rajasthan Social Security Pension portal at rajssp.raj.nic.in. Payments are made directly to the beneficiary's bank account via DBT. One of Rajasthan's key social security schemes for marginalised women.

Mukhyamantri Laghu Udhyog Protsahan Yojana (MLUPY) Rajasthan is an MSME interest subsidy scheme providing substantial interest subvention on bank loans to new and expanding manufacturing, service, and trading units. Loans up to ₹25 lakh get 8% interest subsidy for 5 years; loans between ₹25 lakh and ₹5 crore get 6% subsidy; loans between ₹5 crore and ₹10 crore get 5% subsidy. SC/ST entrepreneurs, women entrepreneurs, and persons with disability (PWD) get an additional 1% subsidy over these rates. Launched in 2019, the scheme is administered by the Industries & Commerce Department, Rajasthan, and is one of the most significant MSME support schemes in the state.

Mukhyamantri Nishulk Janch Yojana Rajasthan provides 191 types of free diagnostic tests at all government health facilities — PHCs, CHCs, Sub-District Hospitals, District Hospitals, and Medical Colleges. Tests include blood tests, urine tests, X-ray, ultrasound, MRI, CT scan, ECG, and many specialised tests. There is NO eligibility criterion or income limit — any patient visiting a government hospital in Rajasthan can avail free tests. Over 2 crore tests are conducted every month across Rajasthan, making it the largest free diagnostic programme in India. Launched in 2013 and expanded multiple times, this scheme has dramatically reduced out-of-pocket healthcare expenses for ordinary Rajasthanis.

Rajasthan Building & Other Construction Workers (BOCW) Welfare Board manages 30 lakh+ registered construction workers and provides 15+ welfare benefits. Annual contribution is only ₹25/year. Key benefits include: daughter's marriage grant ₹55,000 (up to 2 daughters), children's scholarship ₹8,000–₹35,000/year, death benefit ₹5 lakh (accident) or ₹2 lakh (natural), maternity benefit ₹20,000, housing loan subsidy ₹1.5 lakh, free medical treatment under Chiranjeevi Yojana, free skill development training, ₹3,000/month pension after retirement, and meritorious student award ₹10,000–₹25,000. Registration eligibility: construction worker aged 18–60 years with minimum 90 days of work in construction in the preceding year in Rajasthan.

The Ladli Behna Yojana is a flagship women's welfare scheme of the Madhya Pradesh government, launched in 2023 to give married, widowed, divorced, and abandoned women a steady, independent source of income. Eligible women aged 21 to 60 with annual family income below ₹2.5 lakh receive ₹1,250 every month — ₹15,000 a year — credited straight to their own Aadhaar-linked bank account through Direct Benefit Transfer, usually on the 10th of each month. By routing the money to the woman rather than the household head, the scheme strengthens financial autonomy and household nutrition. Registration and payment tracking are handled through the official portal at cmladlibahna.mp.gov.in, with grassroots support from Anganwadi workers and ward offices.

The Mukhyamantri Seekho Kamao Yojana is Madhya Pradesh's earn-while-you-learn skilling programme, launched in 2023 to bridge the gap between classroom education and real industry experience. Unemployed youth aged 18 to 29 are placed with registered companies and establishments across more than 700 work areas — from manufacturing and IT to hospitality and healthcare — where they train on the job for up to a year. During training they earn a monthly stipend of ₹8,000 to ₹10,000, scaled by qualification, paid partly by the state directly to the trainee's bank account. On completing the course, candidates receive a recognised skill certificate and job-placement support. Youth register and choose their trade through the official portal at mmsky.mp.gov.in.

मुख्यमंत्री किसान कल्याण योजना मध्यप्रदेश सरकार की किसान आय सहायता योजना है। PM-Kisan के पंजीकृत किसानों को ₹4,000/वर्ष अतिरिक्त दिए जाते हैं। PM Kisan ₹6,000 + Kisan Kalyan ₹4,000 = कुल ₹10,000/वर्ष DBT से।

The Mukhyamantri Cycle Yojana is a School Education Department initiative in Madhya Pradesh that hands a free bicycle to students entering Class 6 in government schools, with priority for girls and children whose homes are far from the upper-primary school they must attend. The free cycle removes the daily travel barrier that pushes many rural children — especially girls — to drop out after primary school, helping keep attendance and continuation rates high. Cycles are procured by the state and distributed directly at the school by the principal, so families bear no cost. Enrolment is handled through the school at the time of Class 6 admission, with applications filed by the principal on shikshaportal.mp.gov.in.

The Mukhyamantri Teerth Darshan Yojana is a senior-citizen welfare scheme run by the Madhya Pradesh government that lets elderly residents aged 60 and above visit major religious destinations across India free of cost. The state arranges the entire journey — train travel, meals, accommodation, and an attendant or escort — to sites such as Kashi, Rameshwaram, Puri, Dwarka, Tirupati, Amritsar, and Vaishno Devi. The scheme is aimed at low-income elders, typically BPL families or those with annual income below ₹1 lakh, who have not previously travelled under it, with one person per family per cycle. Eligible seniors apply on the official portal at tirth.samagra.gov.in or at the nearest tehsil office, and selected travellers are notified locally before each pilgrimage.

The Ladli Behna Awas Yojana is a housing scheme of the Madhya Pradesh Housing & Environment Department, built specifically for Ladli Behna Yojana beneficiaries who are homeless or living in kutcha or damaged houses and were left out of the PM Awas Yojana lists. Eligible women receive ₹2 lakh to build a pucca house, released in three instalments through Direct Benefit Transfer as construction progresses from foundation to completion. By tying the housing benefit to the existing Ladli Behna database, the state targets roughly 4 lakh women who missed out on central housing support. Applications are made through cmladlibahna.mp.gov.in or the local gram panchayat or ward office, where a Gram Sabha or ward committee verifies the claim.

Run jointly by the Tribal Welfare and Social Justice Departments of Madhya Pradesh, this single online portal channels every state and centrally-sponsored scholarship for SC, ST, OBC and economically weaker General-category students into one window. Whether a child is in Pre-Matric (Class 9-10) or has moved into Post-Matric study (Class 11 right through to post-graduation), the award is calculated by category and course and lands between ₹3,000 and ₹16,500 a year, with tuition, exam fees and maintenance components paid by Direct Benefit Transfer into an Aadhaar-linked account. Because the portal is also the route through which institutions process fee waivers, registration at scholarshipportal.mp.nic.in — backed by a Samagra ID — is effectively unavoidable for any eligible MP student hoping to claim support.

Mukhyamantri Balika Scooty Yojana of Madhya Pradesh provides free electric scooties (e-scooties) to meritorious girl students who top in the Class 12 (10+2) board examination in their school. Under the 2023-24 revised scheme, top-performing girls in government schools across MP receive e-scooty to encourage higher education. Over 6,000 scooties distributed per year.

MP e-Uparjan is Madhya Pradesh's official portal for farmer registration for procurement of agricultural produce at Minimum Support Price (MSP). Farmers register at mpeuparjan.nic.in to sell wheat (Rabi), paddy, and other crops at MSP. After registration, farmers get a token/slot for procurement centre visit, and payment is made directly to bank account via DBT. MP is one of India's top wheat and soybean producing states — lakhs of farmers register each season.

Mukhyamantri Jan Kalyan (SAMBAL) Yojana is Madhya Pradesh's flagship scheme for unorganised sector workers, launched in 2018 and revived with enhancements. It provides a comprehensive social security umbrella covering free electricity (200 units/month), free education for children, health coverage, maternity support, accident insurance (Rs 2-4 lakh), and ex-gratia on death. The scheme targets 50 lakh+ unorganised workers registered on the SAMBAL portal. BPL or APL assetless workers in MP can register at sambal.mp.gov.in.

Mukhyamantri Bal Ashirwad Yojana is Madhya Pradesh government's flagship orphan child welfare scheme providing comprehensive support to children in Child Care Institutions (CCIs) and those who have left CCIs after turning 18. Two components: (1) Sponsorship — ₹4,000/month to orphan children aged 6-18 living in families or CCIs; (2) After Care — ₹5,000/month + vocational training to youth aged 18–21 who have left CCIs. Launched in 2022, the scheme ensures no orphan child goes without financial support. Additionally, NEET/JEE coaching support, internship allowances, and skill development assistance are provided to the After Care beneficiaries. Over 6,000 children and youth benefit across MP.

Madhya Pradesh Mukhyamantri Kalyani Vivah Sahayata Yojana is the state government's social reform scheme providing ₹2 lakh financial assistance to widows ('Kalyani' meaning 'auspicious/blessed') who remarry. Aim: encourage widow remarriage, ending social stigma, and rehabilitating widows economically. ₹2 lakh disbursed in 2 installments — ₹1 lakh on marriage registration + ₹1 lakh after 1 year of stable marriage. Implemented by MP Social Justice and Empowerment Department. Application within 60 days of remarriage. Over 5,000 widows assisted since launch in 2014.

Madhya Pradesh Mukhyamantri Medhavi Vidyarthi Yojana (MMVY) provides full college/university fee reimbursement for meritorious MP students who score 70%+ in MP Board 12th (or 85%+ in CBSE/ICSE) and pursue higher studies — engineering, medical, law, polytechnic, graduation. Government pays actual tuition fees or ₹1.5 lakh (whichever is less) for govt/private colleges in MP. Income limit ₹6 lakh/year. Helps ~3 lakh students annually. Apply via medhavikalyan.mp.gov.in.

Madhya Pradesh Pratibha Kiran Yojana provides ₹5,000/year scholarship to meritorious girl students of BPL families who scored 60%+ in 12th and pursue higher education in MP. Saraswati Sadhana Yojana provides free bicycle to 6th-8th class SC/ST girls living 2+ km from school. Together aim: enable girls' education by removing fees & travel barriers. ~10 lakh girls benefited annually.

Madhya Pradesh Laadli Laxmi Yojana is one of India's first and most replicated girl-child welfare schemes, launched on April 1, 2007. It provides a cumulative benefit of ₹1,18,000+ to every registered girl child from birth to age 21 — through NSC purchases, education scholarships at key milestones, and a final lump sum of ₹1,00,000 at age 21. Laadli Laxmi 2.0 (2022) additionally provides ₹25,000 higher-education scholarship for professional courses. Over 45 lakh girls have been benefited. The scheme is administered by the Women & Child Development Department, MP, at ladlilaxmi.mp.gov.in.

Madhya Pradesh Mukhyamantri Udyam Kranti Yojana is a self-employment loan scheme for youth aged 18–40 years. It provides collateral-free loans of ₹1 lakh to ₹50 lakh (manufacturing) and ₹1 lakh to ₹25 lakh (service/retail) with a 3% interest subvention per annum for 7 years. No guarantor required for loans up to ₹25 lakh. The scheme aims to create a new generation of entrepreneurs in MP by removing loan barriers. Apply at samast.mponline.gov.in. Launched in 2021 by the MSME Department.

Madhya Pradesh Deendayal Antyodaya Rasoi Yojana provides a full nutritious meal — dal, rice/roti, sabzi, and pickle — at just ₹10 per plate at 200+ government-run kitchen counters across all 52 districts of MP. The scheme targets daily wage workers, migrant labourers, rickshaw pullers, construction workers, and urban poor. Kitchens operate from 7 AM–11 AM (breakfast/lunch) and some locations 1 PM–3 PM. Launched in September 2017, the plate price was ₹5 until 2023-24 when it was revised to ₹10. No eligibility criteria — anyone can eat; priority beneficiaries are informal sector workers.

Administered by the Labour Department of Madhya Pradesh, the state's Building and Other Construction Workers (BOCW) Welfare Board turns a token ₹25 yearly contribution into a wide social-security net for the masons, carpenters, painters and labourers who build the state. Once a worker aged 18-60 with at least 90 days of construction work in the preceding year is registered at shramiksewa.mp.gov.in, the BOCW card unlocks a long list of claims: a ₹2 lakh grant for a daughter's marriage (up to two daughters), monthly education scholarships of ₹500-₹5,000 for children, ₹45,000 Prasuti Sahayata maternity support, ₹4 lakh on accidental death and ₹2 lakh on natural death, a ₹1,000 monthly pension after 60, a ₹50,000 house-repair grant, ₹2 lakh disability cover and free skill training. All payouts move by Direct Benefit Transfer into the worker's Aadhaar-linked bank account.

Madhya Pradesh Mukhyamantri Krishak Jeevan Kalyan Yojana provides government-funded accident and death insurance to all farmers of Madhya Pradesh. In case of death (any cause including accident), the farmer's family receives ₹2 lakh ex-gratia. Total disability (both limbs/eyes) gets ₹2 lakh, partial disability (one limb or eye) gets ₹1 lakh, and ₹4,000 for last rites assistance. The scheme covers farmers owning or leasing agricultural land, aged 18–70, who are the head of the family and engaged in farming. Claims must be filed within 30 days through the Tehsildar/Patwari.

Madhya Pradesh Krishi Yantra Anudan Yojana provides 40–50% subsidy on purchase of agricultural machinery and equipment to farmers. General farmers receive 40% subsidy (maximum ₹1.5 lakh), while SC/ST farmers, women farmers, and small/marginal farmers receive 50% subsidy (maximum ₹2 lakh). Covered equipment includes tractor, power tiller, combine harvester, thresher, rotavator, reaper-binder, paddy transplanter, sprayer, laser leveller, and 40+ other implements. Applications are accepted online via lottery-based allotment at dbt.mpdage.org with seasonal opening windows. Launched in 2014 and updated annually by the Agriculture Department, MP.

Madhya Pradesh Nishulk Dialysis Yojana provides free haemodialysis to patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) at government district hospitals, medical colleges, and empanelled private dialysis centres across MP. With 60+ free dialysis centres in all districts, patients can receive 3 sessions per week as per standard protocol. Medicines, consumables, and dialysis fluid used during sessions are also covered. No income limit — both BPL and APL residents of MP are eligible. The scheme was launched in 2016 under the CM Jan Seva (formerly Deen Dayal) health programme.

Madhya Pradesh Mukhyamantri Pension Yojana provides monthly pension under three categories: (1) Vridha Pension (Old Age Pension) — ₹600/month for senior citizens aged 60+; (2) Vidhwa Pension (Widow Pension) — ₹600/month for widows aged 18+; (3) Divyang Pension (Disability Pension) — ₹600/month for persons with 40%+ disability. Persons aged 80+ receive ₹800/month enhanced pension. Payments are made quarterly as ₹1,800 (or ₹2,400 for 80+) directly into bank accounts via DBT. The scheme is integrated with the Sambal Yojana and the Jan Kalyan portal. Over 80 lakh pensioners benefit in MP. Apply at socialsecurity.mp.gov.in.

Madhya Pradesh Free Laptop Distribution Scheme provides ₹25,000 directly to bank accounts of MP Board 12th students scoring 75%+ (general) and 70%+ (SC/ST/OBC). Aim: digital empowerment of meritorious students. ~89,000 students benefited in 2024-25. Disbursement via DBT to Aadhaar-linked accounts. Apply at shikshaportal.mp.gov.in via school principal.

Bihar Student Credit Card Yojana, run under the state's 7 Nishchay Yuva Upmission, helps Class 12 passouts who cannot fund higher studies on their own. Eligible students get an education loan of up to ₹4 lakh charged at just 4% simple interest, lowered to 1% for girls and divyang (disabled) students, with no guarantor or collateral needed. The loan covers tuition, hostel and study costs for graduation, polytechnic and approved skill courses at recognised institutions. Applications are processed through the District Registration and Counselling Centre (DRCC) after document verification, and the sanctioned amount is released to the institution or student account so the money reaches the genuine learner directly.

Bihar Mukhyamantri Kanya Utthan Yojana provides financial assistance totalling ₹50,000 to girl students from birth through graduation to promote girl child education and reduce school dropout rates.

Bihar Mukhyamantri Udyami Yojana is a self-employment programme of the Industries Department aimed at first-generation entrepreneurs from under-represented groups — SC, ST, Extremely Backward Class (EBC), women, general youth and minorities. Each selected applicant receives total support of ₹10 lakh to set up a new manufacturing or service enterprise: ₹5 lakh is given as an outright subsidy that never has to be repaid, while the remaining ₹5 lakh is an interest-free loan recoverable in easy instalments over 84 months. Applicants register on the official udyami.bihar.gov.in portal, upload a project report and certificates, and after selection the assistance is routed through the linked bank to the entrepreneur's account so the funds reach the genuine business owner.

The Mukhyamantri Vridhajan Pension Yojana (MVPY) is Bihar's universal old-age pension run through the Social Welfare Department's SSPMIS platform. Unlike most pension schemes, it sets no income limit and no caste condition — every Bihar resident aged 60 and above who is not a serving or retired government employee can enrol. Beneficiaries between 60 and 79 years receive ₹400 each month, while those 80 years and older get ₹500 a month. The pension is paid straight into the senior citizen's Aadhaar-linked bank account through DBT, removing middlemen, and applications can be filed online at sspmis.bihar.gov.in or at the nearest CSC and block office after panchayat-level verification.

Bihar Mukhyamantri Gram Parivahan Yojana provides 50% subsidy (up to ₹1 lakh) on purchase of 3-wheeler or 4-wheeler public transport vehicles to SC, ST, and Extremely Backward Class (EBC) youth in rural Bihar. The scheme enables unemployed rural youth to start their own transport business.

Bihar Rajya Fasal Sahayata Yojana is Bihar's state-funded crop loss compensation scheme for farmers who suffer crop damage due to natural calamities. Farmers receive ₹7,500/hectare for 20-threshold crop loss and ₹10,000/hectare for crop loss above 20%. Unlike PMFBY (national), this scheme has no premium — completely free. Apply at pacsonline.bih.nic.in.

Bihar government's Mukhyamantri Cycle Yojana provides one free bicycle each year to all Class 9 students enrolled in government secondary schools in Bihar. The scheme aims to reduce school dropout rates by addressing the transportation barrier for students living in distant villages. Over 15 lakh students receive free bicycles every year.

Saat Nishchay-2 (Seven Resolutions 2.0) is Bihar CM Nitish Kumar's second generation of the state's flagship development programme (2020-2025). It includes 7 promises: youth self-employment (₹5 lakh loan), women empowerment (50% reservation in panchayats), drinking water/toilet access, electricity to all, road connectivity, youth skill development, and sports infrastructure. Multiple scheme portals under this umbrella.

Run jointly by Bihar's SC-ST Welfare and BC-EBC Welfare Departments, this scholarship programme helps students from SC, ST, Backward Class (BC) and Extremely Backward Class (EBC) families stay in school and continue into higher education. It is split into two tracks: a Pre-Matric scheme for children in Class 1 to 10, and a Post-Matric scheme covering Class 11 onwards through graduation and beyond. Depending on class, category and whether a student is a day scholar or hosteller, support ranges from about ₹1,000 a year up to ₹15,000 or more, paid straight into the student's own Aadhaar-linked bank account through DBT. Bihar-domicile students apply on the state portal pmsonline.bih.nic.in, while central scholarships are routed through the National Scholarship Portal at scholarships.gov.in. More than 1 crore students benefit each year.

Bihar Mukhyamantri Swayam Sahayata Bhatta Yojana provides Rs 1,000 per month for up to 2 years to educated unemployed youth of Bihar aged 20-25 years who have passed Class 12 (Intermediate) or equivalent. The scheme is part of Bihar's 7 Nischay (Yuva) programme. Beneficiaries must register at District Registration and Counselling Centre (DRCC) and actively seek employment. Monthly allowance stops if the person gets a job. Apply at 7nishchay-yuvaupmission.bihar.gov.in.

Mukhyamantri Medhavriti Yojana is Bihar government's scholarship scheme for SC and ST girl students who pass Class 12 (Intermediate) examination. 1st Division pass: ₹15,000. 2nd Division pass: ₹10,000. Amount transferred directly to the girl's Aadhaar-linked bank account via DBT. The scheme aims to encourage higher education among Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe girls in Bihar and reduce school dropout rates. Over 25 lakh SC/ST girl students in Bihar benefit annually. Apply online at medhasoft.bih.nic.in.

Bihar Krishi Input Anudan Scheme provides financial compensation to farmers for crop loss due to natural calamities — flood, drought, hailstorm, and unseasonal rain. Compensation: Rs 13,500 per hectare for irrigated land and Rs 6,800 per hectare for unirrigated/rain-fed land. Maximum 2 hectares per farmer. Amount credited via DBT. Applies to both Kharif and Rabi seasons. Farmers must apply on the dbtagriculture.bihar.gov.in portal within the stipulated deadline after crop damage.

Bihar Mukhyamantri Balika Protsahan Yojana (Matriculation) provides ONE-TIME cash incentive to girl students who pass Class 10 (Matriculation) from the Bihar School Examination Board (BSEB). First Division pass: ₹10,000; Second Division pass: ₹8,000. The scheme is a sub-component of Mukhyamantri Kanya Utthan Yojana and is administered through the Medhasoft portal (medhasoft.bih.nic.in) under the Education Department. Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) to the girl's Aadhaar-linked bank account. Over 10 lakh+ girls have received this incentive since 2008. Aim: reduce female dropout at the Class 10 stage and encourage girls to continue to Class 11-12.

Bihar Mukhyamantri Balika Protsahan Yojana (Intermediate) — also known as part of Mukhyamantri Kanya Utthan Yojana — provides ₹25,000 ONE-TIME cash incentive to girl students who pass Class 12 (Intermediate) from Bihar School Examination Board (BSEB). Higher amount than Matric incentive reflects the larger stake in higher secondary education. Administered through Medhasoft portal (medhasoft.bih.nic.in) under the Education Department. DBT to Aadhaar-linked bank account in girl's name. Over 4 lakh+ girls have benefited annually since launch. Aim: reduce female dropout after Class 12 and encourage girls to pursue graduation/higher education or vocational training.

Bihar Mukhyamantri Mahila Rojgar Yojana — flagship women employment scheme launched by Bihar government 2025. Connected to the 'Mahila Samvad' (Women Dialogue) campaign reaching 2 crore Bihar women via 600 promotional 'raths' (chariots) across 70,000+ locations. Scheme provides: (1) ₹10,000/month skill training stipend; (2) ₹2 lakh micro-enterprise loan at concessional interest; (3) Skill training in tailoring, beautician, food processing, retail, IT/computer literacy. Implemented by Bihar Mahila Vikas Nigam + JEEViKA. Initially targets 50 lakh active women SHG members.

Bihar Krishi Yantra Anudan Yojana provides 40-80% subsidy on agricultural machinery, equipment, and implements to Bihar farmers. Implemented by Bihar Agriculture Department through the FarMech (Farm Mechanisation) portal — farmech.bih.nic.in. Covers 75+ machine types including: tractors (40-50% subsidy up to ₹1.5 lakh), power tillers (50% up to ₹85,000), combine harvesters (40-50% up to ₹15 lakh), rotavators, seed drills, threshers, paddy transplanters, sprayers, and more. Higher subsidy (80%) for SC/ST/marginal farmers. State-wise lottery-based selection of beneficiaries each season.

Mukhyamantri Kanya Vivah Yojana is a Bihar government scheme that provides financial assistance of ₹5,000 per daughter to BPL families at the time of daughter's marriage. The scheme aims to reduce child marriage, reduce dowry pressure, and encourage registration of marriages. The assistance is paid via cheque or DBT to the bride's account. Additional ₹2,000 is given if marriage is registered (total ₹7,000 for registered marriage). Eligibility: family income ≤ ₹60,000/year, bride's age 18+ years, groom's age 21+ years. Anti-dowry declaration mandatory. Application through Mukhiya (Gram Panchayat), Block Development Officer (BDO), or online on RTPS/serviceonline.bihar.gov.in. The scheme is different from Mukhyamantri Kanya Utthan Yojana (which is for education). This is specifically for marriage support of daughters from very poor families.

Bihar Laghu Udyami Yojana 2024 is the most-searched Bihar scheme, providing ₹2 lakh interest-free government grant (not a loan — no repayment) to 94 lakh extremely poor families across Bihar. The ₹2 lakh is disbursed in three instalments: ₹50,000 (first), ₹50,000 (second), and ₹1,00,000 (third). Families can choose from 94 identified business categories listed in Annex I — covering food processing, handcraft, textile, wood work, garment manufacturing, leather products, and more. Implemented by the Industries Department, Government of Bihar through the udyami.bihar.gov.in portal.

Bihar Kushal Yuva Programme (KYP) is a flagship 3-month free skill training scheme for Bihar youth aged 15-25 years, launched under the 7 Nishchay programme. Training covers three domains: Communication Skills (Hindi and English), Basic Computer Skills (MS Office, internet, email), and Soft Skills/Life Skills. Upon successful completion, candidates receive a certificate from BSDC (Bihar Skill Development Corporation) and an incentive of ₹1,000. Over 1,500 KYP training centres are operational across all districts of Bihar. Apply at skillmissionbihar.org.

Bihar Har Ghar Bijli Yojana is part of 7 Nishchay-1 of the Bihar government, implemented by BSPHCL (Bihar State Power Holding Company Ltd.). The scheme provides free new electricity connections to households without power and subsidised rates for BPL (Below Poverty Line) households — 50 units per month at concessional rates. Since 2016, over 1.12 crore households have been electrified under this scheme, significantly improving rural electrification in Bihar. Apply at hargharbijli.bsphcl.co.in.

Bihar Parivarik Labh Yojana (Rashtriya Parivar Sahayata Yojana — RPSY) is the state implementation of the National Family Benefit Scheme (NFBS), providing ₹20,000 as one-time lump sum financial assistance to a BPL family on the death of their primary breadwinner. The deceased must be between 18-60 years of age. Application must be made within 2 years of the breadwinner's death. Bihar Social Welfare Department administers the scheme. Apply online at serviceonline.bihar.gov.in or at the District Social Welfare Office.

Bihar Mukhyamantri SC/ST/EBC/Mahila/Yuva Udyami Yojana provides ₹10 lakh financial assistance to entrepreneurs from Scheduled Caste, Scheduled Tribe, Extremely Backward Class, women, and youth categories to set up new businesses. Structure: ₹5 lakh as outright government subsidy (no repayment) + ₹5 lakh as 0% interest loan repayable over 84 months (7 years). All categories apply through the same portal udyami.bihar.gov.in — Bihar Industries Department operates separate allocation quotas for SC, ST, EBC, Women, Youth, and Minority. Mandatory 2-week business training at state institutes is required before loan disbursement. Launched in 2021, updated in 2024 with expanded quotas.

Bihar Pravasi Majdoor Durghatna Bima Yojana (PADAM) provides free accident insurance coverage to Bihar migrant workers who travel to other states for employment. The scheme is entirely state-funded — zero premium for workers. Coverage: death ₹2 lakh, permanent full disability ₹1 lakh, permanent partial disability ₹75,000. Workers can register at Bihar Labour Department offices or at designated railway station counters (Patna Junction and other major stations) before departing for work. Run by Labour Department, Bihar. Portal: labour.bih.nic.in.

Bihar Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) is the state implementation of the national Har Ghar Nal Ka Jal programme, aiming to provide functional piped tap water connections to every rural household in Bihar by 2024. SC/ST households and BPL families receive free connections; other households may pay a nominal one-time contribution. As of 2025, over 86% of rural households in Bihar have been covered. The scheme is funded jointly by the central government and the Bihar state government. Implementation is by the Public Health Engineering Department (PHED), Bihar. Portals: jaljeevanmission.gov.in and phed.bih.nic.in.

Bihar Mukhyamantri Alpsankhyak Rozgar Rin Yojana provides low-interest business loans of up to ₹5 lakh to entrepreneurs from minority communities (Muslim, Sikh, Christian, Buddhist, Parsi, Jain) in Bihar. Interest rate: 5% per annum for men and 4% per annum for women entrepreneurs. Age eligibility: 18 to 50 years. Applicants must be Bihar domicile. The scheme is administered through Bihar State Minorities Finance Corporation (BSMFC). Apply at bsmfc.org or at nearest BSMFC district office.

MGNREGA (Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act) provides a legal guarantee of 100 days of wage employment per financial year to every rural household in Bihar whose adult members are willing to do unskilled manual work. Bihar wage rate for 2024-25 is ₹228 per day. Job card registration is FREE at the Gram Panchayat office. Work types include road construction, pond excavation, tree plantation, and soil conservation. Payment is made via DBT within 15 days of work completion. Apply for job card at nrega.nic.in (Bihar section) or at local Gram Panchayat.

Bihar Mukhyamantri Bagwani Mission (Bihar Horticulture Mission) provides 50% cost subsidy to farmers for fruit and vegetable cultivation, drip irrigation, and polyhouse construction. Per-hectare subsidy ranges from ₹15,000 to ₹1,00,000 depending on crop and activity. Focus crops include Makhana (fox nut — Bihar's unique export, 85%+ of India's production in Darbhanga/Madhubani), Litchi (Muzaffarpur is India's litchi capital), Shahi Lychee, Mango, Banana, and vegetables. The scheme also covers post-harvest infrastructure and drip/sprinkler irrigation. Apply at horticulture.bihar.gov.in, administered by the Horticulture Department, Government of Bihar.

Bihar e-Kalyan Scholarship Portal (ekalyan.bih.nic.in) is the Bihar government's unified online portal for Post-Matric scholarships for BC (Backward Class), EBC (Extremely Backward Class), SC (Scheduled Caste), ST (Scheduled Tribe), and Minority students from Class 11 to PhD. Provides full tuition fee reimbursement + maintenance allowance + non-refundable fee + study tour + book bank — ranging from ₹2,000 to ₹25,000+ per student per year depending on course (Engineering/Medical higher; arts/commerce lower). Around 15 lakh+ students from Bihar benefit annually. Run by the Bihar Department of Backward Classes & EBC Welfare, SC/ST Welfare Department, and Minority Welfare Department. Apply during August-December window with separate streams: e-Kalyan for BC/EBC, separate SC/ST portal, and minority via Bihar State Minority Finance Corp.

JEEViKA is run by the Bihar Rural Livelihoods Promotion Society (BRLPS) under the state's Rural Development Department, and is the largest women-led poverty-reduction programme in Bihar. Field staff and Community Mobilizers organise rural poor women into Self Help Groups (SHGs) of 10–15 members who meet weekly, save small amounts, and lend to one another. Each group receives a ₹15,000 revolving fund, and after about six months of regular savings and book-keeping it qualifies for bank credit linkage of up to ₹6 lakh. Members also get skill training and help with dairy, poultry, tailoring and other livelihoods. Loans and benefits are routed to Aadhaar-linked bank accounts, and priority is given to Mahadalit, SC, ST, minority and migrant-worker families.

Bihar Parvarish Yojana is a child-protection scheme run by the state's Social Welfare Department to support some of the most vulnerable children in Bihar. It pays ₹900–₹1,000 per month for children who are orphans, semi-orphans, children of HIV-positive parents, or children of severely disabled parents (80% or more disability), from birth up to the age of 18. The aim is to keep these children with their extended family or guardians rather than in institutions, while covering basic nutrition, health and schooling needs. Payments are credited through DBT to the guardian's bank account linked to the child, and applications are processed via Anganwadi/ICDS centres and the District Child Protection Unit (DCPU).

Bihar Mukhyamantri Gramin Awas Yojana is a state housing scheme that fills the gap left by the central PMAY-G, targeting rural BPL families who were left out of the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana–Gramin list. Implemented through the Rural Development Department and the Panchayati Raj machinery, it gives ₹1.20 lakh to each eligible family to build a pucca house, released in three instalments tied to construction milestones — foundation, lintel level and roof completion. Beneficiaries also get 90 days of MGNREGA labour wages towards the work. Funds are transferred by DBT into the family's Aadhaar-linked bank account, and selection prioritises Mahadalit, SC, ST, minority and widow or destitute women living in kutcha or dilapidated houses.

Bihar Shatabdi Niji Nalkoop Yojana is an irrigation-support scheme of the state's Agriculture Department that helps farmers install their own shallow or deep tubewells instead of depending on rain or canals. The subsidy ranges from 50% to 80% of the installation cost: small and marginal farmers receive up to 80%, while general-category farmers get 50%, with SC/ST applicants given priority in processing. By bringing assured water to the field, the scheme lets farmers grow a second or third crop and protect standing crops during dry spells. Applications are made online at krishi.bih.nic.in or through the District Agriculture Office, and the approved subsidy is paid into the farmer's bank account, with the land record (LPC/Khasra) required in the applicant's own name.

Administered by Bihar's Social Welfare Department, the Divyangjan Sashaktikaran programme combines a monthly disability pension with practical, life-changing support for persons with disabilities across the state. Anyone holding a certificate of 40% or more disability, aged 18 and above, from a BPL or near-BPL household, can receive ₹400 per month — a figure that pools the state's contribution with the central Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme (IGNDPS). Beyond the cash pension, the scheme funds free assistive devices such as tricycles, artificial limbs and hearing aids, and extends scholarship help to disabled students. The pension is credited directly to the beneficiary's Aadhaar-linked bank account through DBT. Applications are made at the District Social Welfare Office, through the RTPS counter at block or district level, or online at socialwelfare.bih.nic.in.

Bihar Nishulk Coaching Yojana is a welfare scheme that gives talented but financially weak students free preparation for major competitive exams such as BPSC, UPSC, SSC, Banking and Railway. Delivered through the SC/ST and BC/EBC Welfare Departments, it is open to SC, ST, EBC, OBC and minority candidates from Bihar whose annual family income is below ₹3 lakh. Selected students study at government-run coaching centres or empanelled institutes at no cost and also receive a ₹1,500 per month stipend to cover study material and living expenses. The aim is to level the playing field so that candidates who cannot afford private coaching can still compete for state and central government jobs. Applications are made online at bcebcwelfare.bih.nic.in and the relevant welfare department portals, with the stipend paid directly into the student's bank account.

Bihar Vaas Bhoomi Yojana is a land-rights initiative run by the state's Revenue and Land Reforms Department to give completely landless rural households a permanent address of their own. Under the scheme, eligible Below Poverty Line families receive free ownership title to 3 to 5 decimal of homestead land (roughly 1,300 to 2,178 square feet), with priority placed on Mahadalit, SC, and ST communities who have historically lacked secure tenure. Identification and verification of landless families is carried out at the gram panchayat and block level. Once the land patta is granted, the family becomes eligible to build a permanent house under PMAY-G or the Bihar CM Gramin Awas Yojana, turning a one-time land allotment into lasting housing security.

Gujarat Kisan Suryoday Yojana provides three-phase electricity supply to farmers during daytime (5 AM to 9 PM) for irrigation, eliminating the need for midnight farming operations.

Gujarat government provides interest-free loans of Rs.1 lakh to women self-help groups (10 or more members) to help them start income-generating activities and achieve financial independence.

Gujarat NAMO Saraswati Vigyan Saadhana Yojana provides ₹10,000 financial assistance to girl students who opt for Science stream in Class 11 in Gujarat government schools, to promote STEM education among girls. The scheme is aimed at girls studying in Gujarat government or government-aided schools who choose the Science stream after passing Class 10, easing the cost of Science education and encouraging more girls to continue into higher Science studies. The assistance is paid directly into the girl student's own bank account.

Mukhyamantri Matru Shakti Yojana is a maternal nutrition programme run by the Gujarat government through its Women & Child Development Department and the ICDS network of Anganwadi centres. It tackles malnutrition among mothers and newborns by giving every pregnant or lactating woman a free nutrition kit worth around ₹2,000 — containing items such as chana, urad dal, groundnut oil and jaggery — across her first and second pregnancies. A woman registers for antenatal care (ANC) at her nearest Anganwadi centre, and after the worker verifies her details the kit is supplied directly to her each month at that centre rather than as a cash transfer, so the food support reaches the household reliably during the critical 1,000-day window.

Mukhyamantri Chiranjeevi Swasthya Bima Yojana is Gujarat's state health insurance scheme providing ₹10 lakh annual cashless treatment to BPL families and all pregnant women (for delivery). Covers 1,576+ medical packages including heart surgery, cancer, kidney, orthopaedic, and critical care. Over 1.58 crore families enrolled. Apply at chiranjeevi.gujarat.gov.in or nearby Jan Seva Kendra.

iKhedut (iKisan) is Gujarat's single-window online portal for farmers to apply for 60+ agricultural subsidy schemes including tractor (25-50% subsidy), drip/sprinkler irrigation, seeds, fertilizer, fruit crop cultivation, and solar pump schemes. Farmers register once and apply for multiple schemes. Lottery-based selection for oversubscribed schemes. Over 12 lakh farmers benefit annually.

Mukhyamantri Kisan Sahay Yojana (MKSY) is Gujarat's state-funded crop loss compensation scheme. Unlike PM Fasal Bima, there is no premium — farmers whose crops suffer 33-60% loss receive ₹20,000/hectare and those with 60%+ loss receive ₹25,000/hectare (max 4 hectares). The scheme covers Kharif season. Over 50 lakh farmer applications processed since 2020.

Mukhyamantri Amrutam (MA) Yojana is Gujarat Government's flagship free health insurance scheme for BPL (Below Poverty Line) and lower middle-class families. Launched in 2012, it provides cashless treatment up to ₹5 lakh per family per year for serious illnesses including heart disease, cancer, kidney failure, neuro surgery, burns, polytrauma, and neonatal care. The scheme covers both government and empanelled private hospitals across Gujarat and all of India. MA Vatsalya Yojana (launched 2014) extended the coverage to families with annual income up to ₹4 lakh. Over 1 crore families covered under the combined MA umbrella.

Mukhyamantri Yuva Swavalamban Yojana (MYSY) is Gujarat Government's flagship higher education assistance scheme for economically weaker students. Launched in 2015, it provides fee reimbursement up to ₹2 lakh per year for students from families with annual income up to ₹6 lakh (EWS/General category) securing 80%+ in Class 10 or 65%+ in Class 12. The scheme covers professional courses — engineering, medical, pharmacy, architecture, MBA, MCA, nursing, and diploma. Additionally, hostellers receive ₹1,200/month accommodation allowance and ₹500/month examination fee support. Over 7 lakh students have benefited since inception.

Namo Laxmi Yojana is Gujarat Government's new scholarship scheme launched in Budget 2024-25 by CM Bhupendra Patel to encourage girl students to complete their secondary and higher secondary education. Under the scheme, girl students from Classes 9-12 studying in government or government-aided schools receive a total scholarship of ₹50,000 over 4 years: ₹10,000/year in Class 9 and 10, and ₹15,000/year in Class 11 and 12. The scheme targets 10 lakh girl students annually and aims to prevent school dropout among girls from economically weaker families. Amount is deposited directly into the girl's or guardian's Aadhaar-linked bank account.

NAMO e-Tablet Yojana is Gujarat government's scheme providing highly subsidised tablets to college students at just ₹1,000 (market price ₹8,000-12,000). The scheme targets first-year graduate students (B.A., B.Sc., B.Com, B.E., Diploma) in government and grant-in-aid colleges. Over 20 lakh tablets distributed since launch. Tablets come pre-loaded with e-content, DIKSHA platform, and government apps. Students pay ₹1,000 and receive the tablet directly at their college.

Gujarat Vahli Dikri (Beloved Daughter) Yojana — flagship girl child welfare scheme of Gujarat government launched 2 August 2019 by the Women & Child Development Department. Provides total ₹1,10,000 financial assistance to parents in 3 stages: ₹4,000 at Class 1 enrollment + ₹6,000 at Class 9 enrollment + ₹1,00,000 at 18 years (for higher education or marriage). Aim: prevent female foeticide, promote girls' education, end child marriage. Maximum first 2 daughters per family eligible. Annual family income limit ₹2 lakh.

Mukhyamantri Yuva Swavalamban Yojana (MYSY) is Gujarat government's flagship education assistance scheme covering tuition fees, hostel charges, and book allowance for SC/ST/OBC/General BPL students pursuing professional and higher education. Covers: Diploma (₹50,000/year), Bachelor's professional courses (₹2 lakh/year for engineering/medical), Master's courses, and self-employment loans up to ₹6 lakh for graduates. Family income limit ₹6 lakh. Implemented by Gujarat Education Department through Knowledge Consortium of Gujarat (KCG).

Instead of forcing a Gujarat student to chase a separate website for every scholarship, the Digital Gujarat platform (digitalgujarat.gov.in) brings 25+ state and centrally-sponsored awards under one citizen login. Eligible communities span SC, ST, OBC, NT-DNT (Nomadic and Denotified Tribes), recognised Minorities and EBC, and the courses run all the way from Class 1 to PhD. Through this single window a family can reach Pre-Matric aid (₹250-₹750/month plus a book allowance), Post-Matric support (full tuition with a maintenance stipend), Food Bill assistance, Hostel Aid of ₹1,200-₹1,500/month, the Foreign Study Loan of up to ₹15 lakh, the Pre-SSC Examination Scheme and the Vidya Sahay Scheme. The portal is run by the Director of Social Welfare and the Director of Developing Castes Welfare under the Govt. of Gujarat, with payouts reaching the student's Aadhaar-linked account via DBT. More than 20 lakh students draw on it every year.

Manav Garima Yojana is a Gujarat State Scheduled Caste Welfare Department self-employment scheme that provides FREE toolkits worth up to ₹4,000 to people from Scheduled Caste (SC) communities to start small home-based businesses. 28 different trade-based toolkits available — Tailoring/Stitching, Embroidery, Beauty Parlour, Mobile Repairing, Cobbler, Barber, Carpentry, Welding, Plumbing, Snacks/Papad making, Idli/Dosa, Vegetable cart, Fish vending, Agarbatti making etc. The scheme aims to empower SC families to start income-generating activities without large investment. Over 1 lakh families benefit annually. While not strictly a student scheme, students from SC families completing skill courses (Class 10+) often qualify and use it to fund their first small enterprise alongside studies. Apply online at esamajkalyan.gujarat.gov.in.

Gujarat government's e-Samaj Kalyan portal provides full tuition fee reimbursement and monthly maintenance allowance to SC and ST students studying Class 11 and above. Maintenance: ₹550/month (Day Scholar Class 11-12), ₹1,000/month (Day Scholar Degree/PG), ₹1,200/month (Hosteller Degree/Professional). Full tuition reimbursed. Income limit: SC ≤ ₹2.5 lakh; ST ≤ ₹3 lakh per year. Apply annually through esamajkalyan.gujarat.gov.in. Over 5 lakh SC/ST students benefit annually in Gujarat.

For students from Gujarat's OBC and SEBC (Socially and Educationally Backward Classes) communities, the post-matric route to college can hinge on whether tuition and living costs are covered — and this scheme, delivered through the state's e-Samaj Kalyan portal, does both. Anyone studying Class 11 or above gets their full tuition fee reimbursed alongside a monthly maintenance stipend that scales with the course and whether the student is a day scholar or hosteller: ₹500/month for a Class 11-12 day scholar, ₹900/month at Degree/PG level as a day scholar, ₹800/month for a Class 11-12 hosteller, and ₹1,000/month for a Degree or professional-course hosteller. To keep the benefit targeted at families who need it, eligibility is capped at ₹2 lakh annual income. Administered by the Social Justice & Empowerment Department of the Government of Gujarat, the scheme reaches more than 3 lakh OBC/SEBC students each year, with applications filed online at esamajkalyan.gujarat.gov.in.

Kuvarbainu Mameru (Uncle's Gift to the Niece) is Gujarat's welfare scheme for tribal (ST) girls at the time of marriage. The Gujarat government provides ₹10,000 in household articles (utensils, clothes, etc.) or cash equivalent as 'mameru' (customary maternal uncle's gift) to ST girls from poor families. The scheme ensures tribal girls get adequate support at marriage. Income limit: ₹1.20 lakh per annum (rural/urban). Apply through the e-Samaj Kalyan portal or Taluka Development Officer. Over 1 lakh tribal girls benefit annually.

Construction work is among Gujarat's most informal and risk-prone trades, and the Building and Other Construction Workers Welfare Board (BOCWWB) under the state's Labour & Employment Department exists to give that workforce a safety net. Once a mason, carpenter, electrician, plumber, painter or welder registers — for just ₹25/month in contribution — a spread of social-security benefits opens up. These include ₹2 lakh accidental death insurance, a ₹1 lakh natural death benefit, a ₹1,000/month pension after age 60, a ₹5,000 maternity benefit, an education scholarship of ₹3,000-20,000/year for each child, housing loan assistance of ₹1 lakh, and medical assistance of up to ₹50,000/year. The idea is that small, regular contributions buy real protection for a worker's family across accidents, old age, childbirth and a child's schooling. More than 15 lakh construction workers are registered in Gujarat, and applications can be filed online at bocwwb.gujarat.gov.in or in person at the local Labour Office.

Gujarat government provides comprehensive disability support through multiple schemes: (1) Disability pension ₹1,200/month for persons with 80%+ disability, ₹600/month for 40-79% disability — income ≤ ₹1.5 lakh; (2) Free aids/appliances (wheelchair, hearing aid, artificial limb, tricycle) through ADIP scheme convergence; (3) Education scholarship for disabled students; (4) Priority allocation under housing and employment schemes. Apply through e-Samaj Kalyan portal or District Social Welfare Office.

Gujarat's Nari Gaurav Nidhi (Women's Dignity Fund) provides monthly financial assistance to widows and destitute women. Widow pension: ₹1,250/month to widows whose annual income is ≤ ₹1.50 lakh. Additionally covers abandoned/destitute women. The scheme converges with central IGNOAPS (Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme) for widows aged 40-79. Gujarat has 25 lakh+ registered widows under social protection schemes. Apply through esamajkalyan.gujarat.gov.in or Mamlatdar office.

Gujarat's iKhedut portal (ikhedut.gujarat.gov.in) is a one-stop platform for farmers to apply for all agricultural subsidies offered by state and central government. Key benefits: 50-75% subsidy on drip/sprinkler irrigation, 50% on quality seeds, 25-50% on farm machinery (power tiller, harvester, thresher), 50% on polyhouse/shade net, 50% on soil health equipment, and 75% subsidy for SC/ST/small farmers on select items. Also provides PM-KISAN ₹6,000/year registration, crop insurance under PMFBY, and KCC (Kisan Credit Card) facilitation. Over 80 lakh farmer registrations on iKhedut.

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) guarantees 100 days of wage employment per year to every rural household in Gujarat whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work. Current wage in Gujarat: ₹272/day (2025-26). Works include road construction, water conservation, land development, tree plantation, drainage, anganwadi construction. Payment within 15 days via DBT. SC/ST households get priority. Women constitute 33%+ of MGNREGA workers in Gujarat. Apply for job card at Gram Panchayat.

Gujarat Mukhyamantri Gruh Yojana provides affordable housing to Economically Weaker Sections (EWS) and Low Income Groups (LIG) in urban areas. Converges with PMAY-Urban: EWS families (income ≤ ₹3 lakh) get CLSS subsidy of ₹2.67 lakh on home loan. LIG families (income ₹3-6 lakh) get ₹2.35 lakh subsidy. Gujarat PMAY-Urban has sanctioned 7 lakh+ houses. Additional state top-up available for SC/ST/disabled/women beneficiaries. Apply through PMAY Urban portal or through Gujarat Housing Board, municipal corporations.

Gujarat implements Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) under the National Food Security Act providing 35 kg of food grain per month to the poorest BPL families (AAY card holders) at highly subsidised prices: wheat at ₹2/kg and rice at ₹3/kg (central rates). Under PMGKAY extension, Gujarat provides free grains (0 cost) to NFSA Priority Household (PHH) and AAY card holders. Gujarat has 1.6 crore NFSA beneficiary households. PHH (green card) families get 5 kg/person/month. AAY families get 35 kg/month regardless of family size. Ration card managed by Food & Civil Supplies Department Gujarat.

Gujarat's Pandit Dindayal Upadhyay Awas Yojana provides free houses to SC (Scheduled Caste) BPL families in rural areas, while a parallel scheme covers ST tribal families under Tribal Development Department. Rural SC families get ₹1.20 lakh from central PMAY-G + ₹30,000 state top-up = ₹1.50 lakh for house construction. ST (tribal) families get similar support under Tribal sub-plan housing. Beneficiaries identified through SECC + Gram Panchayat survey. SC beneficiaries apply through e-Samaj Kalyan. ST through Tribal Development Department.

Gujarat's Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana (SJSRY) and its successor DAY-NULM (Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana - National Urban Livelihoods Mission) provides urban employment and livelihood support to BPL families in Gujarat cities. Key components: (1) Self-Employment Programme: subsidy loan up to ₹2 lakh for micro-enterprise (25% subsidy, max ₹50,000); (2) Skill training 6-month free vocational courses; (3) Urban Wage Employment: 100 days work on city infrastructure projects; (4) SHG formation: ₹10,000 revolving fund for urban women SHGs. Apply through Municipal Corporation / Nagar Palika.

Karnataka government provides 200 units of free electricity per month to domestic consumers under the Gruha Jyothi guarantee scheme, covering most middle-class household usage. Over 1.5 crore households in Karnataka benefit from this scheme — no separate application needed, the benefit is applied automatically to eligible electricity bills.

Anna Bhagya Yojana is Karnataka government's flagship food security guarantee scheme launched in 2023, providing 10 kg of free rice per person per month to all BPL (Below Poverty Line), Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY), and Priority Household (PHH) ration cardholders. The scheme complements the central NFSA entitlement — 5 kg from NFSA at ₹1/kg plus 5 kg free from Anna Bhagya — making total rice entitlement 10 kg per person at zero cost. Beneficiaries collect rice from their designated Fair Price Shop (ration shop) every month by showing their ration card and Aadhaar. If collection is not feasible, ₹170 per person per month is credited via DBT.

Shakti is one of the five guarantee schemes rolled out by the Karnataka government through its Transport Department in June 2023, and it removes bus fare entirely for women travelling within the state. The benefit covers ordinary and express services run by all five state road transport corporations — KSRTC, BMTC, NWKRTC, NEKRTC, and KKRTC — so a woman can step onto any eligible government bus and ride at no cost. There is no enrolment, no separate pass, and no income test; instead of a paid ticket the conductor issues a zero-value ticket on board, which is how the state tracks and reimburses each free trip. More than 50 lakh women use this every day, making daily travel to work, college, hospitals, and markets far more affordable across Karnataka.

Gruha Lakshmi is Karnataka government's flagship guarantee scheme that provides Rs.2,000 per month directly to the bank account of the female head of every eligible household across Karnataka. Launched in August 2023 as one of the 5 Congress guarantee schemes, over 1.29 crore women have registered and receive Rs.24,000 per year via DBT. The Karnataka Budget 2026-27 allocated Rs.28,608 crore for this scheme — the single largest allocation in Karnataka's history.

Yuva Nidhi is Karnataka government's unemployment allowance scheme that provides Rs.3,000 per month to unemployed graduates and Rs.1,500 per month to unemployed diploma holders for up to 2 years. Launched as one of the 5 Karnataka Congress guarantee schemes, it targets youth aged 18–25 who have completed their education but have not found employment for at least 6 months. Apply through Seva Sindhu portal at sevasindhugs.karnataka.gov.in.

Dr B R Ambedkar Vasati Yojana is a rural housing programme that helps Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe families in Karnataka build a permanent home on land they already own. It is run by the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Development Corporation of the Karnataka government, which sanctions ₹1.5 lakh for a house in a normal area and up to ₹3 lakh where the terrain is difficult or hilly and building costs are higher. The grant is not handed over in one go: after a beneficiary is selected at the taluk level, the amount is released directly to the family's Aadhaar-linked bank account in three instalments that are tied to verified stages of construction. Because the family must hold the plot in its own name, the scheme turns existing land into a finished pucca house rather than offering a ready-built unit, and over 6 lakh houses have been completed this way.

This page covers two Karnataka student welfare schemes that target the state's most disadvantaged learners. Vidya Siri is a Post-Matric scholarship run through the Social Welfare Department for SC, ST, Category 1, and OBC (2A/2B/3A/3B) students studying in Class 11 or above; it reimburses the full course fee and adds a yearly maintenance allowance of ₹14,000 to ₹25,000 for hostellers, with the money credited straight to the student's own Aadhaar-linked bank account by DBT once the college principal verifies the application. Ksheera Bhagya, run by the School Education Department, supplies 150 ml of free milk on school days to more than 50 lakh children in government schools from Class 1 to Class 10, improving nutrition for younger pupils. Together the two schemes lower the cost of staying in school and college for low-income SC, ST, and OBC families across Karnataka.

Mukhyamantri Sandhya Suraksha Yojana is Karnataka Government's monthly pension scheme for elderly citizens aged 60 years and above who do not have adequate means of livelihood. The pension amount is ₹1,000 per month (enhanced in 2023 by CM Siddaramaiah). The scheme is part of Karnataka's broader Social Security Pension programme and covers old age, widows, and persons with disabilities. Applications are processed through the Aadhaar-linked Seva Sindhu portal. Over 44 lakh senior citizens, widows, and differently-abled persons receive this pension in Karnataka. The pension is transferred directly to the beneficiary's bank account every month.

Ashraya Yojana (officially Rajiv Gandhi Rural Housing Corporation Karnataka — RGRHCL) is Karnataka Government's flagship housing scheme providing free pucca houses to houseless BPL (Below Poverty Line) families in rural and urban areas. Eligible families receive 2-room houses (approximately 325 sq ft) along with toilet (SBM linked), electricity connection, and basic amenities. The scheme works in convergence with PM Awas Yojana — Gramin and Urban. The state government contributes additionally over and above PMAY. Priority is given to SC/ST families, single women, differently-abled, and landless families. Over 40 lakh houses constructed since inception. The corpus is managed by RGRHCL under the Housing Department.

Karnataka Raita Siri is the state government's additional financial support for farmers on top of the central PM-KISAN scheme. Under this scheme, Karnataka provides an additional ₹2,000 per year per farmer family to supplement PM-KISAN's ₹6,000 — bringing total annual support to ₹8,000. Launched to provide extra relief to the state's 52 lakh farmer families, especially small and marginal farmers. Amount transferred via DBT to Aadhaar-linked bank accounts. Scheme implemented through Agriculture Department with beneficiary identification from PM-KISAN database.

Karnataka Mukhyamantri Vayoshri Yojana is a state-level extension of the central RASHTRIYA VAYOSHRI YOJANA (RVY), providing free assistive aids and appliances to senior citizens from BPL households. Devices provided: hearing aids, spectacles, wheelchairs, walking sticks, artificial dentures, elbow crutches, and other mobility aids depending on medical need. The scheme targets senior citizens aged 60+ from Below Poverty Line families who cannot afford these assistive devices. Implemented through camps organised at taluk and district level by the Social Welfare Department.

Mahalakshmi Yojana is Karnataka's free bus travel scheme for women — equivalent to the 'Shakti Scheme' launched in June 2023 by the Congress government. Under this scheme, all women (including transgender women) can travel FREE in Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC), BMTC (Bengaluru), NWKRTC, and NEKRTC buses by showing their Aadhaar card or voter ID at the counter and getting a free ticket. No separate registration needed. Previously branded as 'Shakti Scheme', the scheme is popularly referred to as 'Mahalakshmi Yojana' in search queries because multiple southern states (Karnataka, Telangana) launched similar free bus schemes for women around the same time. Karnataka's scheme is specifically Shakti/Mahalakshmi — operational since June 11, 2023. Over 5 crore trips per month are made under this scheme.

Mukhyamantri Anila Bhagya Scheme is Karnataka government's flagship free LPG connection programme for Below Poverty Line (BPL) families. Launched 2016 (originally) and re-implemented across multiple government tenures. Provides: (1) FREE LPG connection (regulator + cylinder); (2) FREE double burner gas stove; (3) FREE 2 LPG cylinder refills annually. Total outlay ₹1,100 crore covering 15 lakh BPL beneficiaries. Operationally similar to central PMUY (Ujjwala) but extends BENEFITS even to families ALREADY covered by Ujjwala (state top-up). Implemented through Karnataka Food, Civil Supplies & Consumer Affairs Department.

Karnataka Bhagyalakshmi Scheme is one of India's oldest and most successful girl child welfare schemes — launched March 2006 by then-CM Dharam Singh's government. Provides a financial assistance bond of ₹19,300 (1st daughter) / ₹18,350 (2nd daughter) at birth from LIC of India, which matures to ₹1,27,000 / ₹1,00,052 respectively when the girl turns 18 (provided she meets all conditions). Plus annual scholarship of ₹300-₹1,000 during school years and free health insurance of ₹25,000. Aim: prevent female foeticide, encourage girls' education, end child marriage. 30+ lakh girls registered.

Bhagya Jyothi and Kuteera Jyothi are Karnataka government's electricity subsidy schemes providing FREE units of electricity per month to economically weaker families. Bhagya Jyothi: For BPL (Below Poverty Line) households with a single-phase connection — first 40 units per month FREE (if consumption ≤ 40 units, the bill is zero). Kuteera Jyothi: For AAY (Antyodaya Anna Yojana) / Destitute families — first 40 units FREE with higher coverage. Under the expanded Gruha Jyothi scheme (2023), all domestic consumers of Karnataka get 200 units free per month — effectively superseding and expanding beyond Bhagya Jyothi. However, Bhagya Jyothi/Kuteera Jyothi continue for specific BPL/AAY categories and small huts/kutcha houses. Beneficiaries: 1.5 crore+ households in Karnataka. Apply through BESCOM/MESCOM/GESCOM/HESCOM/CESC distribution companies or electricity seva kendras.

Karnataka Vidyasiri Scholarship (Backward Classes Welfare Department) provides ₹1,500/month food + hostel allowance to OBC/SC/ST/Minority students who couldn't get government hostel admission. Also includes book/stationery allowance ₹1,200/year. Aim: support poor outstation students attending Karnataka colleges. Income limit ₹1 lakh (rural) / ₹2.5 lakh (urban). Apply via ssp.postmatric.karnataka.gov.in (State Scholarship Portal — SSP).

The State Scholarship Portal (SSP) is Karnataka's single online gateway for every post-matric scholarship paid by the government, shared by the Social Welfare, Backward Classes Welfare, and Minority Welfare departments. Launched in 2017, it lets a student from Class 11 onwards register once using Aadhaar e-KYC and then apply for whichever scheme they qualify for — covering SC, ST, OBC, Category 1, Minority, and General learners. The umbrella includes Post-Matric SC/ST and OBC scholarships, Vidyasiri food and hostel allowance, Fee Concession, Prabuddha Overseas Education, ITI and diploma scholarships, and more, with income limits that range from about ₹1 lakh to ₹8 lakh depending on the specific scheme. Approved tuition fee and maintenance amounts are released by DBT into the student's Aadhaar-linked bank account after the college and the department verify the claim. Roughly 25 lakh students rely on the portal every year, making it the backbone of higher-education support in Karnataka.

Krishi Bhagya Yojana is the Karnataka government's flagship rainwater conservation and farm income enhancement scheme reintroduced in the 2024-25 budget with ₹200 crore allocation. The scheme provides 80-90% subsidy to farmers for constructing Krishi Honda (farm ponds) for rainwater harvesting, polyhouses for hybrid vegetable/flower cultivation, shadenets, lift irrigation pumps, diesel motors, and other water conservation infrastructure. Targeted at small and marginal farmers in dryland districts of Karnataka — particularly North Karnataka and Bayaluseeme regions facing severe drought. Eligible farmers can construct farm ponds (size 12×12×3 metres) at 80% government subsidy (~₹70,000 for general; 90% for SC/ST farmers ~₹80,000). Polyhouses get up to 50% subsidy with maximum ₹15 lakh per acre. Application through Raitha Samparka Kendras (RSK) at taluk level or directly at District Agriculture Office.

Pashu Bhagya Yojana is the Karnataka government's livestock development scheme implemented by the Department of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Services. The scheme provides back-ended capital subsidy and 0% interest short-term loans to small and marginal farmers for setting up cattle/sheep/goat/pig/poultry units. Subsidy: 50% for SC/ST farmers (revised from 33%), and 25% for other small/marginal farmers — on commercial bank loans up to ₹1.20 lakh. Additionally, short-term loans up to ₹50,000 at 0% interest are provided through Co-operative Banks for cattle feed and maintenance. The scheme aims to make farmers' income drought-proof through livestock diversification. Pashu Bhagya is implemented in convergence with NABARD's Dairy Entrepreneurship Development Scheme (DEDS) and central PM-KISAN benefits. Around 2 lakh+ Karnataka farmers have benefited since launch.

Yeshasvini Cooperative Farmers Health Care Scheme is Karnataka's pioneering health insurance scheme specifically for members of cooperative societies — particularly farmers. Launched on 1 June 2003 and reintroduced in 2023, it provides cashless surgical treatment up to ₹5 lakh per beneficiary per year at 1,500+ network hospitals across Karnataka. The scheme covers 1,650+ surgeries including cardiology, oncology, neurosurgery, orthopaedic, gynaecology, urology, and trauma. Membership is voluntary — annual contribution of ₹500 per individual or ₹1,500 per family (4 members). Special concession of ₹250 for SC/ST farmers. The scheme is administered by Yeshasvini Cooperative Farmers Health Care Trust under the Department of Cooperation, Karnataka. Implementation through DCC Banks, Primary Agricultural Cooperative Societies (PACS), and Cooperative Marketing Societies — making it one of the largest cooperative health insurance schemes in Asia with 50+ lakh members.

Arogya Karnataka is Karnataka's flagship universal health coverage scheme launched in 2018 — a state-specific integration of Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY with the earlier Vajpayee Arogyashree, Yeshasvini Scheme (govt portion), Rajiv Arogya Bhagya Scheme, RSBY, RBSK, Mukhyamantri Santwana Harish Scheme, Indira Suraksha Yojane, and Cochlear Implant Scheme. The scheme provides comprehensive secondary and tertiary healthcare coverage to ALL Karnataka residents through Suvarna Arogya Suraksha Trust (SAST) — implementing agency. BPL families: 100% free cashless hospitalisation up to ₹5 lakh/year at 1,500+ empanelled hospitals. APL families: 70-100% co-pay (state government bears the rest depending on procedure category — emergencies are fully free for all). Coverage includes 1,650+ medical procedures across 30+ specialties — cardiac, oncology, neurosurgery, orthopaedic, gynaecology, paediatric, etc. Arogya Karnataka is linked to ABHA Health ID for portability and seamless claims.

Mathrupoorna Yojana is the Karnataka state government's maternal nutrition scheme launched on 2 October 2017 — providing hot cooked nutritious meals to pregnant women and lactating mothers at Anganwadi Centres across all 30 districts of Karnataka. The scheme aims to reduce maternal anaemia, low birth weight, and infant mortality through dignified, on-site nutrition rather than dry take-home rations alone. Each meal provides approximately 25g protein, 600 calories, IFA tablets, calcium tablets, eggs (5 per week), milk, and fortified rice. The scheme is integrated with cash benefits under PMMVY: ₹1,000 within 6 months of pregnancy registration, ₹2,000 after delivery, and ₹2,000 after the child receives the first round of immunisation. Mathrupoorna covers 14+ lakh pregnant and lactating women annually with over ₹250 crore annual outlay — making it one of India's most comprehensive state-specific maternal nutrition programmes.

Krishi Yantra Dhare is the Karnataka government's flagship farm mechanisation scheme implemented by the Department of Agriculture — providing on-demand access to modern farm machinery (tractors, power tillers, combine harvesters, rotavators, paddy transplanters, seed drills, sprayers) to small and marginal farmers at heavily subsidised rental rates. The scheme operates Custom Hiring Centres (CHCs) and Yantra Dhare Kendras at the village/cluster level — equipped with 20-25 modern machines each. Farmers can hire machinery for ₹200-₹2,000 per acre (vs ₹3,000-₹8,000 in private rental market). Special rebate for SC/ST and women farmers (50% discount). The scheme has set up 500+ CHCs across Karnataka with ₹250+ crore annual budget. It empowers small farmers who cannot afford to buy expensive machinery to access mechanised farming — improving productivity by 30-40%. Booking is now digital via the Yantra Karnataka mobile app and Raitha Samparka Kendras.

Karnataka ePASS (Electronic Pass) scholarship system is the integrated digital platform operated by the Karnataka Backward Classes Welfare Department to administer post-matric scholarships for Backward Class (BC), Minority, and Persons with Disabilities (PWD) students. ePASS provides free hostel accommodation, free tuition fees, exam fees, and maintenance allowance to merit-listed students from Class 11 to PG and PhD. Annual benefit per student: ₹15,000 to ₹3,00,000 depending on course (highest for medical, engineering, law). Family income limit: ₹8 lakh (BC/general) and ₹2.5 lakh (SC/ST handled by Social Welfare Dept). ePASS is also integrated with Vidyasiri (food allowance), Devraj Urs Backward Class loans, and Manaswini (girl child scholarship). Apply online at ssp.postmatric.karnataka.gov.in → 'ePASS' module. Over 7 lakh Karnataka students benefit annually with ₹2,500+ crore annual disbursement.

Karnataka Mukhyamantri Vidyarthi Vidya Siri Yojana, also called the Karnataka Free Laptop / Tablet Scheme, is a state government initiative distributing free laptops or tablets to meritorious students from Class 10 onwards. The scheme targets SC/ST/BC/Minority students who score high in Karnataka SSLC (Class 10) and II PUC (Class 12) board exams, government degree college students in their final year of UG, and engineering/medical students from EWS backgrounds. Distributed annually with ₹150+ crore allocation. Laptop specs: ~₹35,000-45,000 range (i3 processor, 8GB RAM, 256GB SSD, Windows 11) for UG/PG students; tablets (~₹15,000) for Class 10-12 toppers. The scheme aims to bridge the digital divide and enable distance learning, online research, and digital skill development. Approximately 1 lakh+ laptops/tablets distributed annually. Identification of beneficiaries done through SSP portal data (ePASS + Vidyasiri linked).

Karnataka Raitha Vidya Nidhi (KRVN) is the Karnataka state government's flagship education scholarship for children of small and marginal farmers — providing financial assistance of ₹2,500 to ₹11,000 per year (course-dependent) to support school, college, and professional course students in Karnataka. Launched in 2021 and expanded in the Karnataka Budget 2026-27 with ₹350+ crore allocation, the scheme covers children whose parents own less than 5 hectares of agricultural land, have a valid Fruits ID (Farmer's Registration), and whose annual family income is below ₹8 lakh. Scholarship amounts: Class 8-10 — ₹2,500/year; Class 11-12 — ₹3,500/year; ITI/Diploma — ₹5,000/year; BA/BCom/BSc — ₹7,500/year; Engineering/Medical/Law/MBA — ₹11,000/year. Application is online at the State Scholarship Portal (SSP) with Aadhaar, Fruits ID, and educational certificates. Approximately 8 lakh+ farmer children are projected to benefit annually as the scheme is scaled up in 2026-27.

Karnataka State Backward Class Development Corporation (KSBCDC), known as the Devaraj Urs Corporation, provides concessional loans to Backward Class (BC), Minority, and Most Backward Class (MBC) entrepreneurs for self-employment, small business, and trade. Loans ₹50,000 (micro) to ₹15 lakh (small enterprise) at 4% (women) to 6% (men) interest — well below commercial rates. Special sub-schemes: Chaitanya (₹2 lakh @ 4% with 50% subsidy for SHGs), Swavalambana (₹5 lakh @ 5% for graduates), Arundhati Yojana (₹3 lakh @ 4% for women micro-entrepreneurs), Mahatma Phule (₹50,000 @ 6%). Established 1977 in memory of D. Devaraj Urs, BC reservation policy architect. 5 lakh+ beneficiaries since inception.

Stree Shakti is Karnataka's flagship women's Self-Help Group (SHG) empowerment programme launched 2000-01 by WCD Department — operating with the largest women's SHG network in India after AP. Has organised 1.5+ lakh SHGs covering 22+ lakh rural women — providing financial inclusion, microcredit, livelihood skills, and political voice. Each SHG (10-20 women) saves ₹100-500/month and is eligible for ₹10,000 revolving fund + ₹50K to ₹3 lakh bank credit at 4%. Integrated with DAY-NRLM (centre), NABARD, KMRC training. Women trained in agriculture, sericulture, dairy, handicrafts, food processing.

Karnataka Cradle Baby Scheme is the state's pioneering initiative (launched 2002) to combat female infanticide and child abandonment by providing safe, anonymous cradles at every government hospital, PHC, and Anganwadi Centre. Mothers facing social pressure or financial inability can safely leave their newborns instead of abandoning them dangerously. Operated by WCD Department with CHILDLINE 1098, the scheme accepts babies WITHOUT QUESTIONING parents — full anonymity. Babies are taken to District Child Welfare Committee (CWC) for legal adoption via CARA. 500+ cradle points across Karnataka. Adoptive parents (CARA-registered) take child legally — usually within 4-6 weeks. Thousands rescued; recognised as model by NCPCR.

Niradhar Sahayog is Karnataka's social security pension for destitute, homeless, abandoned, transgender, dwarf, leprosy-affected, and severely vulnerable adults with no family support, no income, and no other government pension. Administered by WCD Department, the scheme provides ₹1,200/month direct cash transfer — covering widows below 60 with no income, abandoned wives, victims of domestic violence in shelter homes, transgender persons, dwarf persons, leprosy-affected persons, and severely disabled (40%+) not covered under IGNDPS. Integrated with Niradhar Mahila Shelter Homes, Sandhya Suraksha (senior citizens), Mythri Yojane (transgender). Apply via Sakala/Seva Sindhu portal. 1.5 lakh+ destitute Karnataka adults receive Niradhar Sahayog pension as of 2026.

Mythri Yojane is Karnataka's pioneering social security scheme specifically for transgender persons — launched 2019 by WCD Department as one of India's first state-led transgender welfare schemes. Provides ₹1,000/month direct cash transfer (raised from ₹600 in 2022) to all registered transgender persons in Karnataka — irrespective of age, income, family status. Karnataka is one of few states with dedicated transgender pension. Integrated with Niradhar Sahayog, Mythri Skills training, Ashraya housing, Arogya Karnataka healthcare, ePASS education. Beneficiaries need Karnataka Transgender Identity Certificate from District Transgender Welfare Board. 25,000+ transgender persons receive Mythri pension as of 2026.

Mukhyamantri Santwana Harish Scheme (literally 'CM Consolation & Joy Scheme') is Karnataka's unique cash assistance programme providing ₹25,000-₹50,000 to BPL families when a family member is hospitalised for serious illness — covering incidental expenses NOT covered by Arogya Karnataka / PM-JAY (food, attendant cost, transport, post-discharge medicines, lost wages). Launched 2016, converged under Suvarna Arogya Suraksha Trust. One-time cash transfer: ₹25,000 for major surgeries, ₹50,000 for cardiac/cancer/neurosurgery/transplant. Disbursed via DBT within 7-30 days of discharge. 1+ lakh families benefited since launch.

Karnataka Building & Other Construction Workers (BOCW) Welfare Board provides comprehensive social security to 60 lakh+ registered construction workers in Karnataka — including masons, carpenters, electricians, plumbers, painters, labourers, and their families. Benefits: accidental death/disability ₹1–3 lakh, maternity ₹25,000 (2 deliveries), children's education ₹3,000–₹25,000/year, skill training, pension ₹2,000/month after age 60, subsidised housing, and marriage assistance ₹25,000. Workers earning under ₹30,000/month and working minimum 90 days/year in construction are eligible. Annual registration fee: ₹25 (worker) + ₹100 (renewal).

Dr B R Ambedkar Development Corporation (DBADC) is Karnataka's apex body for Scheduled Caste (SC) economic empowerment. Provides concessional loans at 4% interest to Karnataka SC communities for micro-enterprises, education, housing, and agriculture. Key schemes: (1) Swavlamban Scheme — business loans ₹50,000-₹5 lakh at 4%; (2) Education Loan — professional courses ₹1-₹20 lakh at 4%; (3) Subsistence Loan — ₹10,000-₹25,000 for urgent livelihood needs; (4) Agricultural Input Loan — seeds/tools for SC farmers. Funds channelled via NSFDC (National SC Finance & Dev Corp) + Karnataka state budget. 2 lakh+ SC families annually benefited. Apply at district DBADC offices or dbadc.karnataka.gov.in.

Mukhyamantri Jeevana Sanjeevani Scheme is Karnataka's flagship free dialysis programme for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients from BPL and below-₹1.5 lakh income families. Provides free haemodialysis (3 sessions/week) at 68+ government and empanelled private dialysis centres across Karnataka — completely free including consumables, transport reimbursement ₹100/session, and Erythropoietin (EPO) injection. Over 12,000 CKD patients covered with 1,500+ dialysis sessions daily. Converged with Arogya Karnataka cashless hospitalisation. Apply through district-level SAST / Health Department.

Karnataka Minorities Development Corporation Limited (KMDCL) provides post-matric scholarships to students from religious minority communities — Muslim, Christian, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain, and Parsi — studying Class 11 to PhD. Benefits include full tuition fee reimbursement + maintenance allowance ₹230-₹1,200/month (Hosteller) / ₹160-₹550/month (Day Scholar) as per central pattern. Annual family income limit: ₹2 lakh. Around 1 lakh minority students in Karnataka benefit annually. Apply on the National Scholarship Portal (scholarships.gov.in) between July and November. This is a central scheme (Ministry of Minority Affairs) implemented by KMDCL.

Karnataka Fisheries Department runs a comprehensive welfare package for coastal and inland fishermen in Karnataka. Key benefits: (1) Group Accident Insurance — ₹5 lakh for accidental death, ₹2.5 lakh partial disability, ₹25,000 hospitalization; (2) Life Insurance under Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima with state premium support; (3) Subsidy on motorised fishing boats — 50% up to ₹2 lakh; (4) Free fishing nets and equipment every 3 years; (5) Saving-cum-Relief (SCR) — ₹3,000/month cash transfer during lean season ban (June-July). Additionally, blue revolution schemes for fish culture ponds, cage culture, and deep-sea fishing vessel loans at 4%.

Karnataka State Financial Corporation (KSFC) is the state's premier MSME lending institution providing term loans from ₹10 lakh to ₹10 crore at competitive interest rates (9-12%) for manufacturing, service, and trade enterprises in Karnataka. Unique features: (1) Women entrepreneurs get 1% interest rebate; (2) SC/ST entrepreneurs get additional 1% rebate; (3) Margin Money scheme — 20-25% capital subsidy for micro units under PMEGP; (4) Karnataka government technology upgradation subsidy for weaving/handloom units; (5) Energy efficiency loans at concessional rates. KSFC has 29 branch offices across Karnataka. Processing fee: 1% of loan. Sanction typically in 45-90 days.

Karnataka Handloom Development Corporation (KHDC) and Silk Industries Corporation run comprehensive welfare and development schemes for 5 lakh+ handloom weavers and 3 lakh+ silk weavers in Karnataka — world-famous for Mysore Silk, Ilkal Sarees, Channapatna craft, and Dharwad textiles. Benefits: (1) Mahatma Gandhi Bunkar Bima Yojana — ₹2 lakh life insurance + ₹60K scholarship for weaver's children (free to BPL); (2) Free upgraded loom/equipment under CHCDS; (3) Raw silk subsidy 25%; (4) Weaver credit card (WCC) — ₹2 lakh credit at 7% for raw material; (5) Marketing support via Hank Yarn supply, exhibitions, Cauvery Emporium. Skill training under WEAVEMITRA portal.

Karnataka Rajya Sainik Board (KRSB) provides welfare assistance to ex-servicemen (ESM), war widows, and vir naris (gallantry award winners' families) in Karnataka. Key schemes: (1) State ex-gratia grant for gallantry/distinguished service awardees; (2) Financial assistance to ex-servicemen in distress — ₹10,000-₹50,000 one-time; (3) Free road transport concession in KSRTC for ESM; (4) 10% horizontal reservation in State PSUs and government jobs for ESM; (5) ECHS (Ex-servicemen Contributory Health Scheme) linkage at 5 polyclinics; (6) Sainik Rest Houses at concessional rates; (7) Children's education scholarship up to ₹12,000/year. Apply at Zila Sainik Welfare Offices (ZSWOs) in all 31 districts.

Karnataka Raitha Suraksha Yojana provides FREE group personal accident insurance cover of ₹5 lakh to all farmers registered with Karnataka Agriculture Department — covering accidental death, permanent disability, and partial disability during agricultural activities. The scheme is funded entirely by Karnataka government with no premium contribution from farmers. Coverage 24×7 — not limited to farm accidents. All landowners, cultivators, tenant farmers, and crop loan borrowers in Karnataka are eligible. Additional compensation for death due to snake bite during farming: ₹2 lakh. Claims settled through Raitha Seva Kendras and Krishi Bhavans within 30 days of documentation.

Karnataka Contract Casual & Unorganised Workers (KCFC) Welfare Board provides social security to unorganised sector workers in Karnataka who are NOT covered by ESI, EPFO, or BOCW — including street vendors, domestic workers, rickshaw pullers, security guards, sanitation workers, agricultural labourers, vegetable sellers, salon workers, laundry workers, and other informal economy workers. Benefits include: ₹2 lakh accidental death insurance, ₹50,000 disability compensation, ₹5,000 hospitalization, ₹5,000 maternity, and ₹100/month pension contribution. Annual registration ₹30. Combined with PM Street Vendor's AtmaNirbhar Nidhi (PM SVANidhi) for street vendors.

Karnataka Housing Board (KHB) develops and sells affordable residential plots, flats, and houses to EWS (Economically Weaker Section), LIG (Low Income Group), and MIG (Middle Income Group) families in Karnataka urban/semi-urban areas. KHB projects across Bengaluru, Mysuru, Hubballi-Dharwad, Belagavi, Mangaluru, Kalaburagi, and Tumkuru. EWS Category: Plot/flat ₹3-8 lakh (20-30 sq.m house). LIG: ₹8-15 lakh (30-60 sq.m). MIG: ₹15-35 lakh (60-120 sq.m). Integrated with PMAY-U subsidy — EWS/LIG get ₹1.5-2.67 lakh CLA interest subsidy. Apply online at khb.karnataka.gov.in during specific scheme launches (advertised in newspapers).

Karnataka State Post-Matric Scholarship for Scheduled Castes (SCs) — administered by Dr B R Ambedkar Development Corporation (DBADC) and Social Welfare Department — provides full tuition fee reimbursement + maintenance allowance ₹530-₹1,200/month (Hosteller) and ₹300-₹550/month (Day Scholar) for SC students studying Class 11 to PhD in Karnataka. Annual family income limit: ₹2.5 lakh. This is a Central Scheme (Ministry of Social Justice) implemented through Karnataka. Around 8 lakh+ SC students in Karnataka benefit annually. Apply on National Scholarship Portal (scholarships.gov.in) July-November. The scholarship covers professional courses — Engineering, Medical, Law, MBA — at full fee reimbursement.

Karnataka State Disaster Response Fund (SDRF) provides crop loss compensation to farmers who suffer significant crop damage (>33%) due to natural calamities — drought, flood, hailstorm, unseasonal rain, landslide. Compensation rates (2024-25): ₹13,500/acre for rainfed crop loss, ₹27,000/acre for irrigated crop, ₹22,500/acre for perennial crops. Additional: ₹8,000/acre for horticulture. Cattle/livestock loss: ₹30,000-₹3 lakh per animal. Housing damage: ₹95,100-₹5.3 lakh. Assessment done by Revenue Department through crop cutting experiments and satellite data. Compensation credited via DBT within 30-60 days of government declaration.

Karnataka Mukhyamantri Yuva Kaushalya Yojana provides free skill training in market-relevant trades (IT, electronics, hospitality, beauty, automotive, construction trades, retail) to unemployed youth aged 18-35 in Karnataka. Training duration: 3-6 months. Stipend during training: ₹3,000/month. On completion: NSQF-certified course certificate, placement assistance, and ₹5,000 placement bonus for those placed in jobs. Implemented through Karnataka Vocational Training & Skill Development Corporation (KVTSDC). Targets youth from BPL families, rural areas, SC/ST communities. ITIs, Polytechnics, and private training partners certified by KVTSDC provide training across all 31 districts.

Karnataka Maharshi Valmiki Scheduled Tribes Development Corporation (MVSTDC) is the apex body for economic empowerment of Scheduled Tribe (ST) communities in Karnataka including Soliga, Jenu Kuruba, Betta Kuruba, Siddi, Hakki-Pikki, Gond, Lambani, Nayaka, and other notified STs. MVSTDC provides: (1) Housing Loan — ₹1-3 lakh at 4% for pucca house construction/repair; (2) Education Loan — professional courses ₹5-20 lakh at 4%; (3) Self-employment/Enterprise Loan — ₹1-5 lakh at 4%; (4) Agriculture Loan — seeds, equipment ₹50,000-₹1 lakh; (5) NSTFDC linkage — national tribal finance for larger loans. Apply at district MVSTDC offices.

Karnataka Journalist Welfare Fund (KJWF) is the state's dedicated social security programme for accredited journalists and media workers in Karnataka — covering print, television, radio, and digital media. Administered by Department of Information & Public Relations (DIPR), Karnataka. Benefits include: (1) Accident insurance ₹5 lakh; (2) Medical reimbursement up to ₹3 lakh per illness; (3) Ex-gratia to family ₹2 lakh on death in service; (4) Monthly financial assistance ₹5,000 to retired/disabled journalists in distress; (5) Children's scholarship ₹10,000/year; (6) Housing priority in KHB schemes. Around 8,000+ accredited journalists registered. Apply at Karnataka DIPR (dipr.karnataka.gov.in).

Karnataka Building & Other Construction Workers (BOCW) Welfare Board provides annual education scholarships to children of registered construction workers studying from Class 1 to PG/Professional courses — completely separate from and additional to Mukhyamantri Vidyarthi Protsahan or other scholarships. Amount: Class 1-5: ₹3,000/year, Class 6-10: ₹5,000/year, Class 11-12/ITI: ₹8,000/year, Diploma/Graduation: ₹15,000/year, PG/Engineering/Medical/Law: ₹25,000/year. Maximum 2 children per registered BOCW worker. BOCW parent must have been registered for at least 1 year. Apply online at bocwwb.karnataka.gov.in during April-November every year.

Karnataka Agricultural Workers Social Security Scheme provides comprehensive social protection to landless agricultural labourers (farm workers) in Karnataka — distinct from farmer schemes like Raitha Suraksha. Benefits: (1) Accidental death insurance ₹2 lakh (₹4 lakh if accident in agricultural work); (2) Maternity benefit ₹10,000; (3) ₹3,000/month pension after age 60; (4) Children's education scholarship ₹5,000/year; (5) Housing assistance under PMAY-G priority list. Under the Karnataka Unorganised Workers Board, agricultural labourers pay ₹30/year registration. Combined with national PM-KISAN for landless: PM-JAY health + PMGKY food security. District Labour Officer/RSK handles registration.

Gruha Bhagya Mission is Karnataka's urban poor housing programme — providing free pucca houses (Type A: 20 sq.m, Type B: 30 sq.m, Type C: 40+ sq.m) to BPL families living in slums and informal settlements in Karnataka urban areas including BBMP Bengaluru, Bruhat Mysuru, Dharwad-Hubballi, Belagavi, Mangaluru, Kalaburagi. Implemented through BBMP, Urban Local Bodies (ULBs), and KSCB (Karnataka Slum Clearance Board). Integrated with PMAY-Urban for central ₹1.5-2.67 lakh CLA component. State adds ₹2.5-5 lakh per unit. Beneficiaries identified through ULB survey of slum households. Allotment is in-situ (same location) or transit to developed site. 5 lakh+ units targeted under Phase 2.

Tamil Nadu government's Kalaignar Magalir Urimai Thogai scheme provides Rs.1,000 per month directly to the bank accounts of the female head of each eligible family via DBT. Launched in September 2023, over 1 crore women across Tamil Nadu receive this benefit. The scheme aims to promote financial autonomy and economic empowerment of women across all districts.

Pudhumai Penn (Modern Woman) Scheme is Tamil Nadu's flagship girl education scheme launched by CM MK Stalin in September 2022. It provides ₹1,000 per month directly to the bank accounts of girl students studying in Classes 6 to 12 in Tamil Nadu government schools. The scheme targets the critical transition period (Class 6 onwards) when dropout rates are highest due to financial pressure. Over 9 lakh girl students across Tamil Nadu receive this benefit every month via DBT. The girl's own bank account is opened at nationalised banks — no guardian's account. This ₹12,000/year support helps girls buy notebooks, uniforms, and manage travel expenses, directly reducing family financial burden and keeping girls in school through Class 12.

Tamil Nadu Chief Minister's Breakfast Scheme provides free nutritious breakfast to students studying in government primary schools (Classes 1–5) every school day. Launched in September 2022 by CM MK Stalin, the scheme covers over 1.14 lakh students across 1,545 government primary schools initially, now expanded to 5,016+ schools statewide.

Naan Mudhalvan (I am the First) is Tamil Nadu government's flagship skill development and employability scheme for students in Classes 6-12 and higher education. It provides free certification courses in IT, digital skills, NEET/JEE coaching, industry certifications, and soft skills. Students also get paid internship support with stipend ₹1,000-3,000/month. Over 50 lakh students enrolled.

Moovalur Ramamirtham Ammaiyar Higher Education Assurance Scheme provides ₹1,000 per month stipend to girls from first-generation college-going families (parents are not college graduates) studying in Tamil Nadu government arts and science colleges, polytechnics, and government engineering colleges. The scheme encourages girls to pursue higher education.

Makkalai Thedi Maruthuvam, meaning Healthcare at Your Doorstep, is a flagship public-health initiative of the Department of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Tamil Nadu, launched by Chief Minister MK Stalin in 2021. Instead of waiting for patients to reach a hospital, teams of ASHA workers and nurses make weekly visits to every household across the state to screen residents for 27 diseases and health conditions, including diabetes, hypertension, tuberculosis, oral and cervical cancer, and mental-health issues. Free medicines are dispensed on the spot for treatable conditions, and patients needing advanced care receive a referral to a Government hospital. With over 3.5 crore households covered, the programme removes cost and distance as barriers to early diagnosis, especially for the elderly, differently-abled, and chronically ill.

Ennum Ezhuthum, the Numeracy and Literacy Mission of the School Education Department, Government of Tamil Nadu, is designed to make sure every Class 1 to 3 child in a government school masters foundational reading, writing and arithmetic — the skills that all later learning depends on. The mission uses Activity-Based Learning methods so that early-grade teaching is playful and child-centred rather than rote. As an extension of the same digital-education push, the state distributes free tablets to Class 6, 7 and 8 students in government and government-aided schools, delivered through the school headmaster with no separate application. Benefiting over 40 lakh students annually, the programme combines classroom reform with hardware support to close learning gaps in public education across Tamil Nadu.

Vidiyal Payanam (Dawn Journey) is Tamil Nadu government's scheme providing absolutely free bus travel to all women passengers on Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation (TNSTC) and Metropolitan Transport Corporation (MTC) buses across the state. Launched by CM Stalin in September 2021, the scheme covers all women — no income restriction. Over 40 lakh women travel free daily. Women simply board any TNSTC/MTC bus without purchasing a ticket.

Tamil Nadu's Chief Minister Free Laptop Scheme (restarted under CM Stalin's DMK government) provides free laptops to government and government-aided school students in Class 11, Class 12, and first-year college students. Over 20 lakh laptops distributed since 2011 (AIADMK era) and the scheme continues. Class 11-12 students in government schools get laptops at the start of academic year. Laptops come pre-loaded with educational software and internet connectivity support.

Kalaignar Kanavu Illam (Kalaignar's Dream Home) is Tamil Nadu government's urban affordable housing scheme targeting construction of 1 lakh free houses for the poor and economically weaker sections in urban and peri-urban areas. Announced by CM Stalin as part of the DMK government's housing push. Beneficiaries are identified through income surveys and TNUHDB (Tamil Nadu Urban Habitat Development Board). Houses are provided under Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana-Urban (PMAY-U) convergence.

Chief Minister's Comprehensive Health Insurance Scheme (CMCHIS), branded as Kalaignar Muthalvarin Thitta Nala Thittam in Tamil Nadu, provides cashless health insurance coverage of up to Rs 5 lakh per year for major surgeries and treatments at empanelled government and private hospitals. Different from the central Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY, this state scheme covers procedures not included in PMJAY and has a higher per-procedure coverage. About 5 lakh+ surgeries are performed annually. Covers all families with annual income up to Rs 72,000 and TNPDS ration card holders.

Amma Two Wheeler Scheme is Tamil Nadu government's scheme providing 50% subsidy on two-wheeler purchase (up to Rs 25,000) for working women in Tamil Nadu. Launched under DMK government 2021, the scheme targets women going to work who lack transport. The subsidy is given as bank loan interest subsidy — the state government pays 50% of the two-wheeler cost (capped at Rs 25,000). Approximately 10 lakh women benefit in Phase 1. Priority to government scheme beneficiaries, SHG members, and women from BPL families.

Rajiv Gandhi Civil Abhayam is Tamil Nadu government's free civil services coaching scheme for students from economically weak families who aspire to crack UPSC (IAS/IPS/IFS) and Tamil Nadu Public Service Commission (TNPSC) examinations. Launched in 2022 by the DMK government, it provides free residential coaching at select coaching centres across Tamil Nadu — covering tuition fees, study materials, hostel accommodation, food, and a monthly stipend. Eligible students are selected through a merit-cum-means written test. The scheme specifically targets students from SC, ST, OBC, MBC, and economically weaker general category backgrounds to bridge the coaching access gap between rich and poor aspirants.

Tamil Nadu Chief Minister's Free LPG Connection Scheme provides FREE LPG connection, FREE double burner stove, and FREE 2 cylinder refills annually to women heads of BPL households in Tamil Nadu. Implemented by the TN Food and Consumer Protection Department, the scheme acts as a state top-up to central PMUY (Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana), extending benefits to families not covered by PMUY and offering EXTRA refills + stove. Targets 20 lakh+ BPL women in Tamil Nadu. Application at nearest Ration Shop or tnpds.gov.in portal.

Tamil Nadu Pongal Gift Scheme is an annual state government initiative that provides free gifts to ration card (PDS) holders during the Pongal harvest festival (January). The scheme has evolved over years: Current package (2026): ₹1,000 cash transferred to Aadhaar-linked bank account + free rice (1-2 kg) + free sugar (1 kg) + free dhoti/saree (for priority households). Some years also include coconut, turmeric, and other festival items. Total value of Pongal package: approximately ₹1,500-2,000 per family. Implemented through Tamil Nadu Civil Supplies Corporation (TNCSC) and PDS ration shops. All eligible ration card holders automatically receive it — no separate application required. Over 2 crore ration card families benefit. Cash component is directly transferred via DBT ahead of Pongal festival (typically January 13-15).

Magalir Thittam is Tamil Nadu's flagship women Self-Help Group (SHG) programme launched in 1997 under the Tamil Nadu Corporation for Development of Women (TNCDW). It has grown to become one of India's largest SHG networks with over 4.5 lakh SHGs covering 60 lakh women. Benefits: Revolving Fund (RF) of ₹10,000-15,000 per SHG for initial lending; Community Investment Fund (CIF) for group microenterprise; Bank linkage loans at 3% interest (subsidised by state); NABARD credit linkage. Women SHG members can access loans for business (₹50,000-3 lakh per member), education, housing, emergencies. Special schemes under Magalir Thittam: Kalaignar Magalir Urimai Thogai (₹1,000/month — separate scheme) is channelled through SHGs. SHG members also get priority in government scheme registration, livelihood training, and market access through SHG federations.

Tamil Nadu BC/MBC/DNC Post-Matric Scholarship is a state government scholarship for Class 11 to PhD students from Backward Class (BC), Most Backward Class (MBC), and Denotified Communities (DNC). Provides full tuition fee reimbursement + monthly maintenance allowance: ₹230-₹1,200/month (depending on course and Day/Hostel) + compulsory non-refundable fee + study tour charges + thesis typing/printing. Around 12 lakh students benefit annually — making it Tamil Nadu's largest scholarship scheme by reach. Administered by the BC, MBC and Minorities Welfare Department of Tamil Nadu. Apply online at the Tamil Nadu e-Scholarship Portal (escholarship.tn.gov.in / bcmbcmw.tn.gov.in) usually August-December.

Chief Minister's Solar Powered Pumpset Scheme is Tamil Nadu's flagship solar irrigation initiative launched in 2019 — providing up to 80% government subsidy (90% for SC/ST) for installing solar-powered pumpsets (3 HP, 5 HP, 7.5 HP) for agricultural irrigation. The scheme aims to reduce farmer's electricity cost, promote sustainable energy, and ensure round-the-clock irrigation. Subsidy structure: Central subsidy 30% (under PM-KUSUM) + State subsidy 50-60% = total 80-90% government share; farmer pays only 10-20%. A 5 HP solar pump costs ~₹3 lakh total — farmer pays only ₹30,000-60,000. Includes solar panels, motor pump, controller, accessories with 5-year warranty + 25-year solar panel performance warranty. Application via Tamil Nadu Energy Development Agency (TEDA) at teda.in.

Tamil Nadu Adi Dravidar Post-Matric Scholarship is administered by the Adi Dravidar and Tribal Welfare Department for SC/ST students from Class 11 to PG and PhD studying in TN recognised institutions. Benefits: 100% tuition fee + non-refundable fee + maintenance allowance ₹230-₹1,200/month + study tour + thesis printing. Family income limit ₹2.5 lakh. Chief Minister Merit Award: ₹3,000 per annum for 5 years to 1,000 boys + 1,000 girls topping Class 12 from SC/ST/ADC Christian communities. The scheme is integrated with central NSP for OBC students. About 8 lakh+ SC/ST Tamil Nadu students benefit annually with ₹1,500+ crore disbursement. Apply at escholarship.tn.gov.in (window: August-December).

Dr Muthulakshmi Reddy Maternity Benefit Scheme is Tamil Nadu's pioneering maternal welfare programme — providing ₹18,000 cash assistance per pregnancy (raised from ₹12,000 in 2021) to all pregnant women in Tamil Nadu, irrespective of order of birth. Named after Dr Muthulakshmi Reddy, Indian medical pioneer and social reformer. The scheme is administered by the Department of Public Health & Family Welfare and provides cash in 3 instalments: ₹2,000 on registration of pregnancy at primary health centre; ₹4,000 at 7th month antenatal check-up; ₹12,000 after delivery (at recognised institution) and BCG vaccination. The scheme is universal — no income limit — making it one of the most generous state maternity benefit schemes in India. Eligible women receive Mother & Child Protection (MCP) card from PHC. ~10 lakh+ pregnancies covered annually with ₹1,500+ crore outlay.

Tamil Nadu State Old Age Pension is administered by the Department of Social Welfare and Women Empowerment — providing ₹1,000/month direct cash transfer to destitute senior citizens aged 60+ years. The scheme combines Tamil Nadu's state contribution (₹800/month) with central IGNOAPS (Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme — ₹200 for 60-79 / ₹500 for 80+). Total benefit: ₹1,000-1,500/month depending on age group. Eligible: destitute senior citizens without sufficient means of subsistence, no family support, and annual income below ₹1.2 lakh. Approximately 30+ lakh senior citizens in Tamil Nadu receive Old Age Pension under this scheme. Distribution via Aadhaar-linked bank account or through Old Age Pension Booklets at Taluk offices. Application via Taluk Social Welfare Officer or e-Sevai centres.

Tamil Nadu Differently Abled Pension is administered by the Department for the Welfare of Differently Abled — providing ₹1,500/month direct cash transfer to persons with 40%+ disability (severely disabled). The scheme combines TN state contribution (₹1,200/month) + central IGNDPS (₹300/month). Coverage includes 21 disabilities under RPwD Act 2016 — visual impairment, hearing impairment, locomotor disability, intellectual disability, mental illness, autism, cerebral palsy, multiple disabilities, etc. Eligibility: 40%+ benchmark disability with UDID Card, family income below ₹1.2 lakh, TN resident. ~12 lakh+ disability pension beneficiaries in TN as of 2026. Apply at e-Sevai centre or District Differently Abled Welfare Office. Distribution via Aadhaar-linked bank account. Special component for severely disabled (80%+): ₹1,800/month (state ₹1,500 + central ₹300).

Tamil Nadu Widow Pension is administered by the Department of Social Welfare and Women Empowerment — providing ₹1,000-1,300/month direct cash transfer to destitute widows aged 18+ years. The scheme combines TN state contribution with central IGNWPS (Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme). State pension covers widows of any age (18+) who are destitute, while central component (IGNWPS) covers widows aged 40-79 with family income below BPL line. Approximately 14+ lakh widows in TN receive Widow Pension as of 2026. Special enhanced amount for widows aged 80+: ₹1,500/month. Beneficiaries must remain unmarried to continue pension. Application via Taluk Social Welfare Office or e-Sevai centre. Distribution via Aadhaar-linked bank account.

Tamil Nadu has 7 comprehensive Marriage Assistance Schemes (collectively administered by Department of Social Welfare) — providing one-time cash assistance + 8g gold coin for thali to deserving brides at the time of marriage. Schemes: (1) Dr Dharmambal Ammaiyar Memorial — for widow's daughter (₹25,000 + 8g gold); (2) E.V.R. Maniammaiyar Ninaivu — for daughters of poor widows (₹25,000 + 8g gold); (3) Annai Theresa Ninaivu — for orphan girls (₹25,000 + 8g gold); (4) Moovalur Ramamirtham Ammaiyar Ninaivu — for poor girls (graduation or 10+2 educated, ₹25,000-50,000 + 8g gold based on education); (5) Dr Muthulakshmi Reddy Memorial — for inter-caste marriage (₹50,000 + 8g gold); (6) Annai Mary Ammaiyar — for Adi Dravidar Christians; (7) Periyar E.V. Ramasamy Ninaivu — for Sangam-caste women. Gold rate is fixed market value at the time of disbursement. ~3 lakh+ marriages assisted annually.

Tamil Nadu Adi Dravidar Housing and Development Corporation (TAHDCO) provides low-interest loans and subsidies to Scheduled Caste (Adi Dravidar) and Scheduled Tribe (Tribal) families in Tamil Nadu for housing, self-employment, and education. Key loans: (1) Housing Loan — ₹1-3 lakh at 4% for new construction/repair with 25% subsidy component; (2) Self-Employment Loan — ₹50,000-₹10 lakh at 4% for micro-enterprise; (3) Education Loan — professional courses ₹2-₹10 lakh at 4%; (4) Women's Self-Help Group Loans — ₹50,000-₹3 lakh at 4%; (5) NSFDC national-level loans up to ₹20 lakh for viable projects. 3 lakh+ SC/ST families benefited annually. Apply at TAHDCO district offices or tahdco.tn.gov.in.

Tamil Nadu Building & Other Construction Workers (BOCW) Welfare Board provides social security to 30 lakh+ registered construction workers across Tamil Nadu. Benefits: (1) Accidental death ₹5 lakh, accidental disability ₹3 lakh; (2) Natural death relief ₹1 lakh; (3) Maternity benefit ₹6,000 (2 deliveries); (4) Children's education scholarship ₹600-₹15,000/year; (5) Marriage assistance ₹5,000; (6) Pension ₹1,500/month after 60 years; (7) Tool kit purchase assistance ₹2,000; (8) Medical reimbursement up to ₹2,000. Annual registration: ₹25 + employer cess. Apply at Labour Department Tamil Nadu / bocww.labour.tn.gov.in.

Tamil Nadu Agricultural Labourers Welfare Board (TNALWB) provides comprehensive social security to landless agricultural labourers in Tamil Nadu — harvesters, transplanting workers, farm hired labourers, and related workers. Benefits: (1) Accident death ₹3 lakh, disability ₹1.5 lakh; (2) Pension ₹2,000/month after age 60 (combined state + central); (3) Maternity ₹12,000 (2 deliveries); (4) Marriage assistance ₹5,000 (daughter's marriage); (5) Children education scholarship ₹3,000-₹8,000/year; (6) Tool/equipment assistance ₹2,000. Annual registration ₹25. Managed by Labour Department Tamil Nadu. Over 45 lakh agricultural labourers registered.

Tamil Nadu Fisheries Department provides comprehensive welfare to Tamil Nadu's 9+ lakh marine fishermen in coastal districts (Chennai, Nagapattinam, Rameswaram, Tuticorin, Kanyakumari, Thanjavur, Cuddalore, etc.). Benefits: (1) Group Accident Insurance ₹5-₹10 lakh (accidental death at sea); (2) Boat engine subsidy 50% up to ₹1 lakh; (3) Fishing net subsidy 50%; (4) Lean season relief (ban period): ₹5,000 cash per family; (5) Keezhadi fishing village housing; (6) Fishermen Savings-cum-Relief (SCR) Scheme ₹3,000/month deposit during fishing + ₹5,000 relief during ban; (7) Free weather warning SMS system. Apply at District Fisheries Department offices.

Tamil Nadu Chief Minister's Public Relief Fund (CMPRF) provides immediate emergency financial assistance to individuals and families facing genuine hardship due to natural disasters (flood, cyclone, drought, landslide), serious illness requiring expensive treatment, death in accident, fire damage, or other extreme emergencies. Assistance ranges from ₹10,000 to ₹5 lakh depending on the nature and severity of distress. Applications are reviewed by district collectors and approved by CM's Office. CMPRF is also a public donation fund — individuals and organizations can donate to CMPRF. Victims of Chennai floods, cyclones in coastal districts, and disasters in Nilgiris, Erode, Salem hill areas get priority.

Tamil Nadu Handloom Weavers' Cooperative Society (Co-optex) and Tamil Nadu Handloom Development Corporation (TNHDC) provide comprehensive welfare and marketing support to 5 lakh+ handloom weavers producing Kanchipuram silk, Coimbatore cotton, Salem fabric, Madurai Sungudi, Thanjavur weaving, and Bhavani jamakkalam. Benefits: (1) Mahatma Gandhi Bunkar Bima Yojana (MGBBY) — ₹2 lakh accident + ₹60,000 natural death insurance (BPL premium-free); (2) Children scholarship ₹100-₹150/month; (3) TNHDC yarn subsidy 15%; (4) Weaver Credit Card ₹2 lakh at 7%; (5) Co-optex showroom direct selling with better margins. Apply at District Handloom Officer or TNHDC.

Tamil Nadu Unorganised Workers Social Security Board (under Labour Department) provides social protection to informal sector workers not covered by ESI or EPFO — including street vendors, domestic workers, auto/taxi drivers, barbers, washermen, sanitation workers, cobblers, and others. Benefits: (1) Accidental death ₹2 lakh; (2) Permanent disability ₹1 lakh; (3) Maternity ₹6,000; (4) Marriage of daughter ₹3,000; (5) Funeral assistance ₹3,000; (6) Educational assistance ₹500-₹3,000/year for children. Annual registration ₹30. 1 crore+ workers registered. Apply at Labour Department TN / e-Sevai centres.

Tamil Nadu's Chief Minister's Free Electricity Scheme for Farmers provides free electricity (up to 9 hours daily during off-peak hours) for all registered agricultural pumpsets in Tamil Nadu. All farmers with agricultural service connections (pumpsets up to 10HP) get completely free power supply without any monthly bill. Scheme introduced in 1989, expanded and continued through successive governments. Currently covers 22 lakh+ agricultural pumpset connections in Tamil Nadu. Domestic households: free units up to 100 units/month (separate scheme). The scheme costs Tamil Nadu government ₹12,000+ crore annually. Apply for new agricultural pumpset connection at TANGEDCO offices or online at tneb.in.

Tamil Nadu Adi Dravidar and Tribal Welfare Department (ADT) runs 450+ government hostels across Tamil Nadu providing free accommodation, meals, and study facilities for SC and ST students from Class 6 to PG. Additionally, ADT provides: (1) Free school uniform and bags (Class 1-12); (2) Pre-matric scholarship ₹150-₹750/month; (3) Post-matric scholarship top-up ₹2,000-₹15,000/year (additional to NSP central scholarship); (4) Coaching for civil services, UPSC, TNPSC, banking for SC/ST candidates (free residential coaching); (5) Special scholarship for SC/ST students pursuing MBBS, Engineering, Law, MBA: ₹15,000-₹25,000/year. Apply at ADT district offices or scholarships via NSP/TN Scholar portal.

Tamil Nadu Sainik Welfare Board provides welfare assistance to ex-servicemen (ESM), war widows, and Veer Naris in Tamil Nadu. Key benefits: (1) Tamil Nadu state ex-gratia to gallantry awardees (Param Vir Chakra, Maha Vir Chakra, Vir Chakra, Ashoka Chakra, Shaurya Chakra families); (2) 10% horizontal reservation in Tamil Nadu state government jobs and PSUs for ESM; (3) Financial assistance to ESM in distress (₹5,000-₹30,000 one-time); (4) Children's education scholarship ₹750-₹1,500/month; (5) Priority in government plots and TNHB housing; (6) Free travel on TNSTC buses; (7) ECHS health coverage linkage. Apply at District Sainik Welfare Offices in all 38 TN districts.

Tamil Nadu Thooimai Kavalar (Sanitation Workers) welfare scheme provides comprehensive protection to sanitation workers, scavengers, and solid waste management workers employed by ULBs, municipalities, corporations, and panchayats in Tamil Nadu. Benefits under Tamil Nadu Manual Scavengers Rehabilitation Act: (1) Accident insurance ₹5 lakh; (2) Rehabilitation training + ₹2,000/month stipend during training; (3) Housing priority under PMAY-U (1 BHK flat); (4) Children free education at government schools + scholarship ₹5,000/year; (5) 3% horizontal reservation in TN government jobs; (6) Alternative livelihood loan ₹50,000-₹5 lakh at 4% interest. Implemented by SC Welfare Department + ULBs.

Tamil Nadu BC (Backward Class), MBC (Most Backward Class), and DNT (De-notified Tribes) Post-Matric Scholarship provides full tuition fee reimbursement + maintenance allowance ₹530-₹1,200/month (Hosteller) for students studying Class 11 to PhD who belong to TN-notified BC/MBC/DNT communities. Annual family income limit: ₹2 lakh. This is a Central Scheme (Ministry of Social Justice) implemented by Tamil Nadu Backward Classes Welfare Department. Apply on National Scholarship Portal (scholarships.gov.in) July-November. 5 lakh+ BC/MBC/DNT students benefit annually in Tamil Nadu.

Tamil Nadu Differently Abled Welfare Department (beyond the monthly pension) provides comprehensive rehabilitation and welfare: (1) Free assistive devices — motorised tricycle, wheelchair, hearing aid, prosthetic limbs under ADIP (Assistance to Disabled Persons) scheme; (2) ₹50,000 marriage assistance for PWD couple (or PWD marrying able-bodied); (3) 4% reservation in TN government jobs (horizontal); (4) Free travel on TNSTC buses for 40%+ PWD; (5) Free education at District Rehabilitation Centres and Residential Special Schools; (6) Tamil Nadu Differently Abled Industrial Cooperative Societies (TIDCO) — loans for PWD entrepreneurs; (7) Scholarship ₹500-₹2,000/month for PWD students; (8) Property tax exemption.

Tamil Nadu Salt Pan Workers Welfare Board provides social security to salt pan workers in the coastal salt producing districts — Thoothukudi, Ramanathapuram, Nagapattinam, Villupuram, Chennai, Tiruvallur. Benefits: (1) Accidental death/disability insurance ₹3 lakh; (2) Monthly pension ₹1,500/month after age 60; (3) Maternity ₹6,000; (4) Children education scholarship ₹500-₹3,000/year; (5) Marriage of daughter ₹3,000; (6) Funeral ₹3,000; (7) Housing priority under PMAY-G/U. Annual registration ₹25. Managed by Tamil Nadu Labour Department. Around 1 lakh+ salt pan workers registered.

Tamil Nadu Chief Minister's Sports Development Scheme and Sports Achievement Awards support athletes, sports persons, and youth engaged in sporting activities across Tamil Nadu. Key components: (1) CM's Sporting Achievement Award — ₹10,000-₹30 lakh cash award for international medalists (Olympic bronze ₹1 crore, silver ₹2 crore, gold ₹3 crore); (2) Sports Scholarship for youth — ₹500-₹2,000/month for top-ranked athletes in recognized sports; (3) Tamil Nadu Sports Development Authority (SDAT) free coaching academies in all districts; (4) Sports equipment subsidy for schools and colleges; (5) Priority government jobs for sports persons under sports quota (2% in government posts). Tamil Nadu has produced P V Sindhu-equivalent athletes across Kabaddi, Boxing, Chess (Magnus Carlsen opponents).

Tamil Nadu Housing Board (TNHB) allots affordable residential flats to EWS (Economically Weaker Section) and LIG (Lower Income Group) applicants across Tamil Nadu. EWS flats are priced at ₹3-5 lakh and LIG flats at ₹6-10 lakh — far below market rates — with home loan linkage through TNHB or HDFC/SBI. Allotment is through draw of lots (lottery). Additional subsidy of ₹2.5 lakh is available under PMAY-Urban Credit Linked Subsidy Scheme (CLSS) for EWS first-time home buyers. Around 30,000 families benefit each scheme cycle. Apply at tnhb.gov.in.

Tamil Nadu Uzhavar Pathukappu (Farmer Protection) is the state's comprehensive input subsidy scheme for small and marginal farmers — providing free/subsidised seeds (paddy, pulses, millets, oilseeds), 50% subsidy on bio-fertilizers, 50-75% subsidy on sprinkler/drip irrigation, free soil health card + testing, and free crop insurance premium (PMFBY/RWBCIS) for small farmers. Around 50 lakh farmer families in Tamil Nadu benefit. Apply through Agriculture Extension Officer / Block Agricultural Office or agri.tn.gov.in.

दीन दयाल उपाध्याय लाडो लक्ष्मी योजना हरियाणा सरकार की महिला सशक्तिकरण योजना है जो 23 वर्ष या अधिक आयु की पात्र महिलाओं को ₹2,100 प्रति माह DBT के माध्यम से सीधे बैंक खाते में देती है। यह योजना हरियाणा की उन स्थायी निवासी महिलाओं के लिए है जिनके परिवार की वार्षिक आय ₹1,80,000 से कम है और जिनके परिवार में कोई सरकारी कर्मचारी नहीं है। आवेदन के लिए Parivar Pehchan Patra (Family ID) और Aadhaar से जुड़ा बैंक खाता अनिवार्य है।

Mera Pani Meri Virasat is Haryana's groundwater-conservation drive, launched in 2020 by the state Agriculture & Farmers Welfare Department in response to the alarming fall in the water table across paddy-heavy blocks. Paddy (dhaan) is one of the thirstiest crops grown in the state, so the scheme pays farmers ₹7,000 per acre as a direct incentive to give it up and instead sow water-saving alternatives such as maize, cotton, pulses, bajra, sunflower or horticulture crops. Farmers register their plot and the replacement crop on the agriculture portal before sowing, a patwari verifies the actual change in the field, and the incentive is then released straight into the Aadhaar-linked bank account by DBT, leaving no room for middlemen.

Saksham Yuva Yojana, run by Haryana's Employment Department, is built to do two things at once for the state's educated unemployed — pay a monthly allowance and keep them engaged in real work so skills do not rust. A registered graduate receives ₹9,000 a month and a post-graduate ₹10,500 a month, a figure that bundles the basic allowance with an honorarium of ₹100 a day for up to 100 hours of voluntary work each month in a government office or department. Alongside the money, beneficiaries get skill training and priority when they apply for government jobs. More than 2.45 lakh youth have enrolled. Applications are filed at hreyahs.gov.in using the Parivar Pehchan Patra, and the allowance is credited monthly by DBT to the Aadhaar-linked bank account.

Mahila Samridhi Yojana is a long-running microfinance scheme that puts working capital into the hands of Scheduled Caste women in Haryana so they can start or expand a small business of their own. Implemented through the Haryana Backward Classes & EWS Welfare Nigam, it offers self-employment loans of up to ₹60,000 at a concessional 5% rate of interest, channelled through Self Help Groups so that women borrow and repay as a supported group rather than alone. The money is meant for income-generating trades that women can run close to home — tailoring and stitching, a beauty parlour, food processing, petty manufacturing and similar micro-enterprises. Applications are made online through saralharyana.gov.in using the Parivar Pehchan Patra, after which the District Welfare Office verifies the case and the sanctioned amount is routed to the beneficiary's bank account.

Mukhyamantri Antodaya Parivar Utthan Yojana (MAPU) is Haryana Government's flagship scheme to identify and uplift the poorest families with annual income below ₹1 lakh. Launched in 2021, the scheme targets 1 lakh families initially identified from the Parivar Pehchan Patra (PPP) database. Each identified family gets a dedicated government officer as a 'Parivar Mitra' who helps them access 30+ government schemes — skill training, employment, agriculture support, scholarship, housing, and financial assistance. The scheme aims to bring every family's income above ₹1.80 lakh/year within a set period through convergence of existing schemes and new livelihood support.

Haryana Chirag Yojana (Chief Minister Equal Education Relief, Assistance and Grant) is Haryana Government's scheme enabling children from economically weaker sections (EWS) to study in private schools free of cost. Launched in 2022, the scheme allows parents with annual income up to ₹1.80 lakh to get their ward admitted in private schools with tuition fees paid by the government. This covers Classes 2-12 in private recognised schools. The scheme is similar to the RTE 25% reservation but extends beyond Class 8 which RTE covers. In 2024-25, over 25,000 students enrolled through this scheme in Haryana's private schools.

Haryana Old Age Samman Allowance (also called Vriddhawastha Samman Bhatta) is Haryana Government's monthly pension scheme for senior citizens aged 60 years and above. The pension amount is ₹3,000 per month (enhanced in 2023 from earlier ₹2,500/month). The scheme is universal in nature — it covers all senior citizens in Haryana with annual family income up to ₹3 lakh per year. The amount is transferred directly to the beneficiary's Aadhaar-linked bank account every month via DBT. Over 22 lakh senior citizens receive this pension in Haryana. Applications are processed through the Parivar Pehchan Patra (PPP) system and Antyodaya Saral Kendra.

Mukhyamantri Parivar Samridhi Yojana (MMPSY) is Haryana's umbrella social security scheme providing an annual benefit of ₹6,000 per family (₹500/month equivalent) PLUS mandatory enrollment in PM Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (₹2 lakh life insurance), PM Suraksha Bima Yojana (₹2 lakh accident insurance), and PM Shram Yogi Maandhan (₹3,000/month pension at 60). Covers 15-20 lakh families with annual income < ₹1.80 lakh and land < 2 hectares.

Haryana Antyodaya Parivahan Yojana provides the poorest BPL families in Haryana with free bus travel up to 1,000 km per year on Haryana Roadways buses. Beneficiaries receive a free bus pass. The scheme targets the 1 lakh poorest families identified through the PPP (Parivar Pehchan Patra) database. This helps BPL families access hospitals, government offices, markets, and educational institutions without transportation costs.

Haryana Kaushal Rozgar Nigam (HKRN) is a state government corporation that deploys contractual workers in government departments, boards, corporations, and PSUs at fixed, transparent pay scales. Launched in 2021 to eliminate contractor exploitation, HKRN ensures contractual employees get government-fixed minimum wages (₹18,000-₹50,000/month based on skill), provident fund, ESI, and no deductions. Over 1 lakh contractual posts managed. Youth apply online at hkrn.gov.in — major transparency reform for Haryana's outsourced workforce.

Haryana Chirayu Yojana is Haryana's extension of the central Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY scheme, providing cashless health insurance coverage of Rs 5 lakh per family per year at empanelled government and private hospitals. While Ayushman Bharat covers BPL/SECC families, Haryana Chirayu extends the coverage to additional families with annual income up to Rs 1.80 lakh — identified through PPP (Parivar Pehchan Patra) database. As of 2026, over 28 lakh families in Haryana are covered. Apply at nha.gov.in or get card from Antyodaya Saral Kendras.

National Family Benefit Scheme (NFBS) is the centrally-funded scheme under the National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP), implemented in Haryana by the Social Justice & Empowerment Department. NFBS provides a ONE-TIME lump-sum grant of ₹20,000 to BPL families upon the death of the PRIMARY BREADWINNER (the main earning member). Eligibility: deceased breadwinner aged 18–60 years; family must be BPL listed in SECC-2011 / Antyodaya / state BPL list. The benefit is paid via DBT to the surviving spouse's or eldest adult member's Aadhaar-linked bank account. Application within 1 year of death. Over 5 lakh Haryana families have benefited since 1995.

Haryana Mukhyamantri Yuva Pratibha Protsahan Yojana (CMYPPY) is the state's flagship talent encouragement scheme providing CASH REWARDS to Haryana's exceptional young achievers — top performers in board examinations (Class 10/12), competitive exams (UPSC, IIT-JEE, NEET, CLAT), sports (national/international medals), and arts/culture. Cash rewards: Class 10 toppers Rs 11,000–Rs 51,000; Class 12 toppers Rs 21,000–Rs 1 lakh; UPSC IAS/IPS/IFS toppers Rs 1–Rs 5 lakh; International medalists (Olympics, Asian, Commonwealth Games) Rs 1.5 crore (Gold), Rs 75 lakh (Silver), Rs 50 lakh (Bronze); National medalists Rs 5–Rs 25 lakh. The scheme has rewarded over 15,000 Haryana youth since 2014.

Haryana Mukhyamantri Yuva Pratibha Protsahan Yojana (EWS Civil Service component) was officially announced by Chief Minister Nayab Singh Saini on 8 April 2026 during a felicitation event for Haryana candidates who cleared the UPSC civil services exam. The scheme provides financial assistance ranging from ₹25,000 to ₹70,000 to economically weaker Haryana candidates who QUALIFY the preliminary stages of UPSC, Haryana Public Service Commission (HPSC), and judicial service examinations. Income-graded benefits: ₹70,000 for income up to ₹1 lakh/year; ₹60,000 for income up to ₹1.80 lakh; ₹50,000 for income ₹1.80–3 lakh; lower slabs for ₹3-5 lakh income bracket. Aim is to support meritorious EWS Haryana youth in completing the costly Mains-Interview preparation cycle. Eligible candidates must produce the prelim qualification mark sheet from UPSC/HPSC/judicial service. Linked to Parivar Pehchan Patra (PPP) for income and Haryana domicile verification.

After Class 10, the cost of college fees and living away from home pushes many Scheduled Caste students in Haryana to drop out, and this post-matric scholarship — run by the state's Welfare of SC & BC Department — is designed to remove exactly that barrier. It does two things together: it reimburses the full course tuition and pays a monthly maintenance allowance that scales with the stage of study and where the student lives. The allowance runs at ₹550 a month for a Class 11-12 day scholar, ₹1,000 a month for a day scholar in a degree or PG course, and ₹1,200 a month for a hosteller in a degree or professional course. Families earning up to ₹2.5 lakh a year qualify, the student must have at least 50% in the previous exam, and more than 3 lakh SC students benefit each year. Applications go through the Saral portal at saralharyana.gov.in with the Family ID, and the award is paid by DBT into the student's Aadhaar-linked bank account.

For backward-class students in Haryana, school after Class 10 often stalls not for lack of marks but for lack of fees. This post-matric scholarship, run by the state's Welfare of SC & BC Department, tackles both fronts: it reimburses the full course tuition and pays a monthly maintenance allowance on top. The allowance scales with the stage of study and whether the student lives at home or in a hostel — ₹400 a month for a Class 11-12 day scholar rising to ₹1,000 a month for a hosteller in a degree or professional course, with ₹600 and ₹800 slabs in between. Families earning up to ₹1.5 lakh a year qualify, provided the student belongs to Haryana's BC-A or BC-B list. The whole process is handled online through saralharyana.gov.in, with income and family details drawn from the Parivar Pehchan Patra (Family ID) and the award paid by DBT straight to the student's Aadhaar-linked bank account.

Haryana's disability pension is among the most generous run by any Indian state, and it is far more than a cash transfer. The Social Justice & Empowerment Department pays ₹3,000 a month to persons assessed with 70% or higher disability and ₹2,500 a month to those in the 60-69% band, with the central IGNDPS contribution stacked on top so the combined figure can climb to roughly ₹3,000-3,500 a month. Around that pension sits a wider safety net: a 3% reservation in government jobs, free travel on Haryana Roadways buses, priority in state housing allotments, and free assistive devices. Eligibility is open to Haryana-domiciled adults aged 18 and above whose annual family income stays within ₹3 lakh and who are not drawing another government pension. Applications go through saralharyana.gov.in with the Parivar Pehchan Patra, and a District Social Welfare Officer verifies the case before the amount is released by DBT. More than 2 lakh disabled residents already draw this pension in the state.

Run by Haryana's Social Justice & Empowerment Department, the Vidhwa Evam Nishaktjan Pension gives a widow a steady monthly income so the loss of a husband does not also mean the loss of household support. The state pays ₹3,000 a month to widows whose annual family income stays within ₹3 lakh, and this stacks with the central IGNWPS (Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme) top-up of ₹300-500 a month for widows aged 40-79, taking the combined figure past ₹3,000. The state portion carries no upper age restriction, and the scheme also reaches abandoned and destitute women. Applications are filed through saralharyana.gov.in using the Parivar Pehchan Patra, a District Social Welfare Officer verifies the case, and the amount is credited monthly by DBT to the Aadhaar-linked bank account. More than 5 lakh widows already draw this pension across the state.

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act guarantees 100 days of wage employment per year to every rural household in Haryana. Current wage: ₹357/day (2025-26) — one of the highest MGNREGA wage rates in India. Works: water conservation, land development, road construction, plantation, anganwadi. Payment within 15 days via DBT. Haryana allows up to 150 days in drought-declared areas. Apply for Job Card at Gram Panchayat. Over 15 lakh rural households registered in Haryana MGNREGA.

Construction work in Haryana is physically punishing and rarely comes with a formal employer's safety net, which is exactly the gap the state's Building & Other Construction Workers Welfare Board, run under the Labour Department, exists to fill. Once a mason, carpenter, electrician, plumber, painter or welder registers and pays a token contribution of ₹25 a month, a single membership opens a long list of benefits across a working life. The headline cover is ₹5 lakh group accidental death insurance and a ₹3,000-a-month pension after the age of 60, but the everyday support matters just as much: a ₹20,000 maternity benefit, education scholarships of ₹8,000 to ₹20,000 a year for up to two children, medical reimbursement up to ₹1 lakh a year, a housing loan subsidy of ₹2 lakh and a ₹50,000 marriage benefit. Eligibility rests on having put in at least 90 days of construction work in the previous year while not being covered by ESIC. Registration is done online at bocwharyana.gov.in or in person at the District Labour Office, and more than 18 lakh workers in the state are already enrolled.

Haryana Mukhyamantri Awas Yojana (MMAY), driven by the Town & Country Planning Department through HSVP (Haryana Shahari Vikas Pradhikaran), is the state's route to a first home for urban families who could never bid for a flat at market rates. It offers EWS (Economically Weaker Section) flats — typically a 1 BHK or studio — priced at roughly ₹5-8 lakh in HSVP sectors, with allotment decided by a transparent lottery so no single applicant can corner a unit. The income windows are clear: EWS up to ₹3 lakh a year and LIG (Low Income Group) between ₹3 and ₹6 lakh, with a 20% quota reserved for SC/ST, persons with disability and ex-servicemen. On top of the flat, eligible buyers taking a home loan can claim the PMAY-U credit-linked subsidy — ₹2.67 lakh for EWS and ₹2.35 lakh for LIG — through an empanelled bank. Applications are filed online via the HSVP / DGTCP Haryana portal.

Through the Haryana Scheduled Castes and Backward Classes Finance & Development Corporation (HSFDC / HBCFDC), the SC & BC Welfare Department puts low-cost credit within reach of SC and BC entrepreneurs who would otherwise pay heavy interest to start a trade. The corporation lends ₹15,000 to ₹3 lakh at just 2% interest a year for micro and small enterprises, repayable over three to five years, so the cost of borrowing stays tiny against the income the business generates. Alongside it, the Aatmanirbhar Haryana Loan Scheme (a DRI-scheme convergence) offers ₹15,000 at 4% to BPL individuals of all castes, while MUDRA linkage lets SC/BC borrowers access ₹50,000 to ₹10 lakh under the Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana. Applications are made through haryanascbc.gov.in or the nearest District HSFDC office, with the sanctioned amount routed to the beneficiary's bank account.

Run by Haryana's Agriculture & Farmers Welfare Department, this is less a single scheme than a bundle of guarantees that protects a farmer's income from sowing to sale. First, MSP procurement: Haryana is among India's top MSP-procuring states for wheat (₹2,275/quintal) and paddy (₹2,300/quintal), and a farmer must register the crop on the Meri Fasal Mera Byora (MFMB) portal to be assured of government purchase at those rates. Second, the Bhavantar Bharpai Yojana pays the difference by DBT when the market price of notified vegetables and horticulture crops slips below a declared floor price. Third, PMFBY crop insurance covers losses at a low Kharif premium of 1.5%, and fourth, PM-KISAN adds ₹6,000 a year in income support. Every one of these services runs through agriharyana.gov.in and the MFMB portal, with registration tied to land records and the Aadhaar-linked bank account.

For a small dairy or livestock household, the sudden death of a milch animal can wipe out the family's main source of income overnight — and that is exactly the shock the Mukhyamantri Pashudhan Bima Yojana is built to absorb. Run by Haryana's Animal Husbandry & Dairying Department, it gives BPL families (with PPP income within ₹1.80 lakh) free insurance, with the full premium paid by the government, for cattle such as cows, buffaloes and bullocks as well as sheep, goats and pigs. Cover runs from ₹40,000 to ₹80,000 per cattle head and ₹5,000 per sheep or goat, and it pays out on both accidental and disease death; each insured animal carries an ear tag for identification. Non-BPL farmers get a 50% premium subsidy, and the scheme converges with the central PMFBY livestock cover. Around 5 lakh animals are insured every year. Enrolment is done at pashudhanharyana.gov.in or the nearest Veterinary Hospital after a health check and tagging.

Lakshmir Bhandar is West Bengal government's flagship women welfare scheme providing monthly financial assistance of ₹1,500 to General/OBC women and ₹1,700 to SC/ST women aged 25–60 years. Amount is transferred via DBT directly to Aadhaar-linked bank accounts.

Swasthya Sathi is West Bengal government's flagship health assurance scheme, run by the state Health & Family Welfare Department, that gives every family a smart card worth ₹5 lakh of cashless treatment per year at empanelled government and private hospitals. Unlike most insurance products, there is no income test and no premium for the household — the entire cost is borne by the state, and the card is issued in the name of the senior-most woman of the family. Coverage extends to more than 500 medical and surgical packages, including cardiac care, cancer, dialysis and ICU stays, with no cap on family size. Hospitals settle bills directly with the scheme, so patients pay nothing at the counter. More than 10 crore residents are covered.

Kanyashree Prakalpa is West Bengal government's award-winning girl child welfare scheme providing K1 annual scholarship of ₹1,000 to girls aged 13–18 in Classes 8–12, and K2 one-time grant of ₹25,000 to unmarried girls aged 18+ continuing education. The scheme has won the UN Public Service Award.

Krishak Bandhu (Farmers' Friend) is West Bengal's farmer income support scheme providing ₹10,000 per year per acre (up to 2 acres = ₹20,000 max) directly to farmer bank accounts in 2 instalments — Kharif and Rabi. Additionally, the scheme provides ₹2 lakh death coverage for registered farmers (₹2.50 lakh if accidental). Over 79 lakh farmers in WB benefit.

Rupashree Prakalpa is West Bengal government's one-time financial assistance scheme of ₹25,000 for adult girls (18+) from economically weaker families at the time of marriage. The amount is paid directly to the girl's bank account before marriage. Annual family income must be below ₹1.5 lakh. Over 7 lakh girls have benefited since launch.

Duare Sarkar (Government at your Doorstep) is West Bengal's unique government service delivery programme launched by Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee in 2020. Under this programme, government camps are set up in every Gram Panchayat and Municipality ward, bringing 18+ government schemes to the people's doorstep — including Lakshmir Bhandar, Health Saathi, Krishak Bandhu, Rupashree, Kanyashree, student credit card, and more. Over 1.7 crore people enrolled in a single round.

Bina Mulya Samajik Suraksha Yojana (BMSSY) is West Bengal's flagship social security insurance scheme launched by Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee. Under this scheme, unorganised sector workers — including agricultural labourers, construction workers, bidi workers, beedi rollers, transport workers, and domestic workers — receive free group insurance covering natural death (₹2 lakh), accidental death (₹5 lakh), permanent disability (₹5 lakh), and partial disability (₹2.5 lakh). The annual premium of ₹500 per member is paid entirely by the State Government — hence 'Bina Mulya' (without cost). Over 1.29 crore workers enrolled as of 2025.

Banglar Yuva Sathi is West Bengal Government's unemployment allowance scheme providing ₹1,500 per month to educated unemployed youth aged 21-40 years who hold at least a graduation degree and are registered at the Employment Exchange. The scheme targets youth who are actively seeking employment but have not been able to find a job, offering financial support for up to 2 years (24 months). West Bengal has over 40 lakh educated unemployed youth — the scheme aims to register and support at least 10 lakh in Phase 1. Amount is transferred directly to the beneficiary's Aadhaar-linked bank account via DBT.

West Bengal Student Credit Card Scheme, launched in June 2021, provides education loans up to Rs 10 lakh at just 4% annual interest to students pursuing higher education (Class 10 onwards). No collateral, no guarantor, no income limit. The state government acts as guarantor. Students can use the loan for tuition, hostel, books, laptop, and other education expenses. Over 1 lakh loans sanctioned since launch. Apply online at wbscc.wb.gov.in or through Duare Sarkar camps.

West Bengal Aikyashree Scholarship is the state's pre-matric and post-matric scholarship programme for minority community students (Muslim, Christian, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain, Zoroastrian) studying in Classes 1-12 and higher education. Launched in 2015 under the Mamata Banerjee government, over 15 lakh minority students receive scholarships annually. Benefits: Pre-matric (Class 1-10) Rs 1,100 to Rs 5,000/year; Post-matric (Class 11+ / graduation) Rs 5,000 to Rs 12,000/year. Amount directly credited to student's Aadhaar-linked bank account via DBT. Apply at scholarshipwb.net.

Banglar Bari (Bengal Home) is West Bengal's urban affordable housing scheme for the urban poor, slum dwellers, and economically weaker sections who are not covered under PMAY-Urban. The scheme is implemented through Housing Infrastructure Development Corporation (HIDCO) and Municipal Corporations. Beneficiaries receive a fully constructed housing unit in apartment complexes. The scheme is convergent with PMAY-Urban central funding. Target: 1.5 lakh urban poor families in Kolkata and other municipal areas. Priority to BPL, women-headed households, and SC/ST.

Sabooj Sathi (Green Companion) is West Bengal government's flagship scheme providing free bicycles to all students of Classes 9–12 studying in government schools, aided schools, and madrasas across West Bengal. Launched in 2015 by CM Mamata Banerjee, it is one of the world's largest bicycle distribution programmes — over 1.20 crore bicycles distributed to date. The scheme dramatically improves school attendance, particularly for girl students in rural areas who may have to travel several kilometres to reach the nearest secondary school. Students need not apply separately — bicycles are distributed directly through schools. All classes 9–12 students, both boys and girls, are eligible regardless of income or caste.

Yuvashree Arpan is West Bengal government's unemployment allowance scheme providing ₹1,500 per month to unemployed educated youth aged 18–45 who are registered with the West Bengal Employment Exchange. The scheme targets youth who have appeared in state government job selection tests but are yet to be employed. Launched as an extension of the original Yuvashree scheme, Yuvashree Arpan specifically covers candidates who have participated in competitive exams including State Level Selection Test (SLST), SSC, and other WB government recruitment tests. The monthly allowance continues until the candidate finds employment or reaches the age limit.

West Bengal Yuvasree Scheme provides a monthly unemployment allowance of ₹1,500 to educated unemployed youth registered on the West Bengal Employment Bank Portal (employmentbankwb.gov.in). The scheme targets unemployed graduates and post-graduates aged 18–45, helping them sustain themselves while they search for jobs or undergo skill training. The Employment Bank Portal is West Bengal's central job placement system — it currently has 25+ lakh registered job seekers and 1+ lakh employer registrations. Yuvasree allowance is provided to selected beneficiaries based on annual quota and selection criteria, primarily targeting first-time job seekers from economically weaker sections. The selected youth also get priority access to skill development programmes and job fairs.

Jai Bangla is West Bengal's umbrella social security pension programme covering multiple vulnerable categories. Key sub-schemes: (1) Manabik (for Persons with Disability 60%+): ₹1,000/month pension — one of the highest disability pensions in India; (2) Jai Johar (for SC and Scheduled Tribes): ₹1,000/month pension for elderly (60+) SC/ST individuals; (3) Taposili Bandhu (SC pension); (4) Jai Bangla Old Age Pension (merged with NSAP — ₹1,000/month for 60+ BPL). West Bengal provides ₹1,000/month — significantly above the central NSAP contribution of ₹200-500/month. Total beneficiaries across Jai Bangla umbrella: over 1 crore. Distribution through Duare Sarkar camps and bank accounts. Application at Gram Panchayat / BDO / Municipality. Mamata Banerjee government's flagship social security initiative.

Masons, carpenters, electricians and other site workers across West Bengal rely on the Building and Other Construction Workers Welfare Board (BOCWWB), run by the state Labour Department, to turn unstable daily-wage work into a social-security net. Once a worker registers, the board offers ₹4 lakh accidental death insurance, ₹2 lakh for natural death, a ₹1,000/month pension from age 60, a ₹3,000 maternity benefit, children's education aid of ₹3,000-15,000/year, housing loan assistance up to ₹1 lakh, ₹2,000 tool-kit support and ₹5,000 funeral assistance. The cess fund is built from employers contributing 1% of construction cost, while the worker pays only ₹25. More than 35 lakh workers are already enrolled, and registration runs through bocwwb.wb.gov.in or any local Labour Office.

West Bengal SC/ST Post-Matric Scholarship provides full tuition fee reimbursement and monthly maintenance allowance to SC and ST students studying in Class 11 and above in West Bengal. Maintenance allowance: ₹350/month (Day Scholar Class 11-12), ₹750/month (Day Scholar Degree+), ₹1,000/month (Hosteller Class 11-12), ₹1,200/month (Hosteller Degree/Professional). Family income limit: ₹2.5 lakh. Apply at scholarshipwb.net portal (SC/ST/OBC welfare) or NSP scholarships.gov.in for the central PMS-SC scheme. Over 5 lakh SC/ST students in WB benefit annually.

Gatidhara (Momentum) is West Bengal's self-employment and entrepreneurship loan scheme for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. The West Bengal SC/ST Finance and Development Corporation provides term loans up to ₹5 lakh at 4% interest (against market rate of 12-16%) to SC/ST entrepreneurs for small business — shop, vehicle, handicrafts, food processing, repair workshop, beauty salon, agro-processing. Additionally, Gatidhara provides ₹50,000 as seed grant (non-repayable) for micro enterprises. Training linked — beneficiaries get skill training before loan. Apply at wbscstfinance.org or nearest SC/ST Finance office.

West Bengal Fisheries Department provides welfare schemes for registered marine and inland fishermen. Under the West Bengal Fishermen Welfare and Development scheme: ₹5 lakh group accidental insurance at sea, ₹1 lakh partial disability, subsistence allowance ₹1,500/month during lean fishing months (June-July ban period), diesel subsidy 50 paise/litre for mechanised boats, ice and cold storage subsidy, and one-time assistance for boat engine repair ₹15,000. Additionally, the central PMMSY (Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana) provides additional support to WB fishermen — 60% government subsidy on boats, nets, and cold storage for SC/ST/women fishers. Apply at fisheries.wb.gov.in or nearest Fisheries Extension Officer.

Sikhsha Shree (Educational Honour) is West Bengal government's pre-matric scholarship for SC and ST students studying in Classes 5-8 in West Bengal government and government-aided schools. Amount: ₹800/year as annual maintenance allowance directly credited to student's bank account. Over 35 lakh SC/ST students in WB benefit annually from Sikhsha Shree and its complementary central scheme (NSP Pre-Matric scholarship for SC — ₹150-200/month). The scheme aims to prevent SC/ST student drop-out at the primary-to-middle school transition. Applications processed by school headmaster through scholarshipwb.net portal. No direct individual application needed — schools register eligible students.

Nischay (Certainty) is West Bengal's Self-Help Group (SHG) credit linkage scheme under the West Bengal Finance & Development Corporation. Women SHG members get access to ₹2 lakh group loans at 7% interest (below market rate) for livelihood income-generating activities — handicraft, food processing, tailoring, poultry, fish farming, horticulture, petty trade. Banks (SBI, UCO, UBI, Bandhan Bank) lend to SHGs under WB government guarantee. Additionally, NABARD's WB SHG-Bank Linkage provides up to ₹10 lakh for mature SHGs. SRLM (State Rural Livelihood Mission) in West Bengal, branded as Anandadhara, manages SHG formation and bank linkage in rural WB.

West Bengal Swami Vivekananda Merit-Cum-Means Scholarship (SVMCM) provides ₹1,000–₹5,000/month to meritorious students from economically weaker sections studying Class 11 to PhD in West Bengal, irrespective of caste or religion.

For a person living with disability in West Bengal, a predictable monthly income can mean the difference between dependence and dignity. The Manabik scheme answers that need by paying ₹1,000 every month to residents certified with 40% or more disability. Administered by the state's social-security machinery and dovetailed with the central IGNDPS, the pension reaches beneficiaries as a single combined credit straight into an Aadhaar-linked bank account through DBT, removing middlemen and cash queues. Applicants apply via socialsecurity.wb.gov.in or at their local block or municipality office once a government medical board has issued the disability certificate. The scheme targets adults aged 18 and above whose annual family income stays below ₹1 lakh and who are not already drawing another government pension.

West Bengal Tapasi Prakalpa scheme provides ₹10,000 one-time financial award to SC and ST girl students who pass the Class 10 (Madhyamik) examination from West Bengal Board, to encourage higher education and reduce dropout rates.

West Bengal Karma Sathi Prakalpa provides interest-free loans up to ₹2 lakh to unemployed youth (18–45 years) for starting micro-enterprises and self-employment ventures, with repayment over 5 years.

Higher study should not stall because a backward-class family cannot meet tuition and hostel costs — that is the gap West Bengal's OBC post-matric scholarship fills. Open to students from the OBC-A and OBC-B communities studying anywhere from Class 11 up to PhD in state government or government-aided institutions, the scheme reimburses the full tuition fee and adds a monthly maintenance allowance of ₹500-₹1,200 depending on the course and stay. Applications and renewals are handled entirely through the OASIS (Online Application for Scholarships and Incentive Scheme) portal, where students upload their caste, income and bonafide certificates for verification. The two categories carry different income ceilings: OBC-A applicants must have family income below ₹2.5 lakh, while OBC-B applicants must stay below ₹1.5 lakh a year.

West Bengal Taruner Swapno (Youth's Dream) scheme provides up to ₹1 lakh subsidy or 25% of vehicle cost (whichever is lower) on purchase of motorcycles and scooters to unemployed youth for self-employment as delivery agents, food delivery, or transport.

West Bengal Aamar Bari Aamar Gram (My Home My Village) scheme provides rural infrastructure support including road connectivity, drinking water, electricity, and housing to remote gram panchayat villages in West Bengal.

West Bengal Nabanna Scholarship provides ₹5,000–₹10,000 per year to meritorious children of tea garden and unorganised sector workers in West Bengal studying from Class 5 to Class 12, with priority for North Bengal tea district students.

Mahatma Gandhi NREGA in West Bengal guarantees 100 days of wage employment per year to rural households at ₹237/day, registered through Gram Panchayat, with additional state top-up in some districts.

West Bengal Jai Johar scheme provides comprehensive welfare support to Scheduled Tribe communities including housing, education scholarships, health support, skill development, and livelihood assistance through the Tribal Development Department.

West Bengal provides pre-matric scholarships to SC and ST students in Class 9 and 10 with ₹150/month (day scholars) to ₹750/month (hostellers) for maintenance, plus full tuition fee waiver through the OASIS portal.

West Bengal provides comprehensive support to handloom weavers and artisans including free loom/equipment, ₹2 lakh credit linkage through WB WBHDC (Handloom Development Corporation), skill upgradation, design support, and marketing assistance.

West Bengal Lok Prasar Prakalpa provides comprehensive welfare support to notified backward communities (excluding SC/ST) — including education scholarships, vocational training, self-employment loans, and health coverage through the BC Welfare Department.

Women on West Bengal's construction sites rarely get paid maternity leave, so the BOCW (Building and Other Construction Workers) Welfare Board steps in with a dedicated maternity and child-welfare package layered on top of its usual accident and pension cover. A registered woman worker receives a ₹20,000 maternity benefit, a ₹5,000 child-care grant and a continuing education scholarship for her children, helping her step away from site work around childbirth without losing income. Because these benefits attach to BOCW membership, the woman must have been registered with the board for at least a year before claiming, and the maternity benefit applies only where ESIC is not already covering her. Claims and registration are processed through wbbocw.gov.in or the district BOCW office.

YSR Cheyutha is a flagship women empowerment scheme run by the Women Development and Child Welfare department of Andhra Pradesh for women aged 45 to 60 belonging to SC, ST, BC and Minority communities. The idea is to give middle-aged women, who are often moving out of hard manual labour, a dependable lump of seed capital to start or expand a small livelihood such as a kirana shop, dairy unit, tailoring work or petty trade. Each eligible woman receives ₹18,750 per quarter, adding up to ₹75,000 a year, paid straight into her own Aadhaar-linked bank account through DBT so there is no middleman and no diversion of funds. Around 22 lakh women across the state are covered, with enrolment and verification handled at the Village or Ward Secretariat.

YSR Amma Vodi is Andhra Pradesh government's flagship scheme that provides ₹15,000 per year to mothers (or eligible guardians) who send their children to government schools, tribal welfare schools, and social welfare residential schools. The benefit is directly transferred to the mother's Aadhaar-linked bank account. Over 43 lakh mothers benefited annually.

Jagananna Vidya Deevena is the full fee reimbursement programme of the Andhra Pradesh Department of Higher Education, built so that no eligible student drops out of college because the family cannot afford the tuition. It covers students in ITI, Polytechnic, Degree, B.Tech, Medical, Pharmacy, Law and similar professional courses, and the government pays 100% of the tuition fee directly to the institution rather than to the student. The benefit is aimed at SC, ST, BC, Kapu, EBC, Minority and EWS students from families with annual income up to ₹2.5 lakh (a higher ceiling applies to some categories). Reimbursement is released after the college verifies the student's admission and attendance, with payment routed through the official portal so the fee burden on the family is effectively zero. More than 10 lakh students benefit every year.

Jagananna Vasathi Deevena is the living-cost companion to the fee-reimbursement scheme, run by the Andhra Pradesh Department of Higher Education to cover the boarding and food expenses that tuition support alone does not address. It targets SC, ST, BC, Minority and EWS students pursuing degree, post-graduate and professional courses, many of whom have to stay away from home or commute long distances to attend college. Day scholars receive ₹10,000 a year while students staying in hostels receive ₹20,000 a year, credited directly to the student's Aadhaar-linked bank account through DBT. Paired with Jagananna Vidya Deevena, it is designed so that an eligible student's family carries effectively no out-of-pocket cost for higher education. Over 8 lakh students draw this support every year.

YSR Aasara is a Self-Help Group relief scheme of the Andhra Pradesh Women Development and Child Welfare department, created to clear the debt overhang that was holding back lakhs of SHG and DWCRA women. The scheme cancels outstanding group loans that had built up over years and, alongside the waiver, channels fresh working capital so the groups can keep their micro-enterprises running. Eligible SHGs receive new loans of up to ₹1 lakh at zero interest, with the waiver and fresh credit linked through the District Mission Management Unit and the Village or Ward Secretariat. Around 85 lakh SHG women were targeted under a total waiver of about ₹6,300 crore, the relief amount being credited in instalments to the women's accounts rather than handed out in cash.

Annadata Sukhibhava (formerly YSR Rythu Bharosa) is Andhra Pradesh's farmer investment support scheme providing ₹20,000 per year per farmer family — comprising ₹13,500 from AP government and ₹6,000 from PM-KISAN (Central). Renamed by the TDP government in 2024 after the YSR Rythu Bharosa brand. Over 51 lakh farmer families benefit. Transferred in 2 instalments (Kharif and Rabi seasons) to Aadhaar-linked bank accounts via DBT.

AP Nethanna Bharosa is an investment-support scheme of the Andhra Pradesh Department of Handloom and Textiles that puts working capital directly into the hands of traditional handloom weaver families. Weaving is seasonal and cash-strapped, and yarn, dyes and loom maintenance often eat up a weaver's earnings before the cloth is even sold; this scheme eases that pressure by giving ₹25,000 a year per weaver family. Launched by the state government in 2024, it focuses on genuine handloom workers, not power-loom operators, and covers families in AP's traditional weaving clusters such as Mangalagiri, Venkatagiri, Ongole, Chirala and Uppada. The amount is paid in two instalments straight to the weaver's Aadhaar-linked bank account through DBT, and more than 1 lakh weaver families are covered.

AP NTR Bharosa is Andhra Pradesh's state social security pension scheme providing Rs 3,000 per month to elderly (60+), widows, disabled, and other vulnerable citizens. Launched under the TDP government in 2024 replacing the earlier YSR Pension Kanuka, the scheme covers approximately 65 lakh beneficiaries across AP. The pension is transferred directly to Aadhaar-linked bank accounts via DBT on a monthly basis. The scheme also covers beedi workers, construction workers, fishermen, and HIV/AIDS patients.

Nadu-Nedu (Then and Now) is Andhra Pradesh government's flagship school infrastructure transformation programme renovating 45,000 government schools across AP. Launched in 2019 by the YSRCP government and continued by TDP, the scheme provides English medium instruction, furniture, toilets, clean drinking water, electricity, smart classrooms, compound walls, and painting. Total outlay: ₹3,500 crore. Benefits: 40 lakh+ students in government schools of AP. Phase 1 covered 15,715 schools; Phase 2 covers 30,000+ more.

Talliki Vandanam (Mother's Salute) is the flagship education welfare scheme of Andhra Pradesh government launched January 2025 — replacing the earlier YSR Amma Vodi scheme. Provides ₹15,000 annually to mothers of every school-going child in Andhra Pradesh from Class 1 to Intermediate (Class 12), credited directly to mother's bank account. Eliminates Amma Vodi's BPL-only requirement — now covers MORE families (including non-BPL children attending government schools). Annual budget: ₹9,400+ crore covering 70+ lakh students. Implemented through Andhra Pradesh Grama Sachivalayam.

Jagananna Thodu (meaning 'Jagan's support') is Andhra Pradesh government's scheme to provide interest-free working capital loan of ₹10,000 per year to street vendors, small traders, and micro-entrepreneurs. Launched under the YSR Congress government, the scheme targets BC (Backward Class), SC, ST, and minority vendors who lack access to formal credit. The ₹10,000 is given as direct cash/DBT — NO interest, NO collateral. Beneficiaries can use it to replenish stock, purchase raw materials, or expand their business. Re-application is allowed each year (second year: ₹15,000; third year: ₹20,000 with good track record). Implemented through Grama/Ward Sachivalayam. Over 25 lakh beneficiaries covered in initial phases. The scheme complements PM SVANidhi (central street vendor loan) — both can be availed.

Masons, carpenters, electricians, painters and other site workers across Andhra Pradesh build the state's homes, roads and bridges, yet rarely get a formal safety net. The AP Building and Other Construction Workers Welfare Board (BOCWWB), run by the state Labour Department, fixes that by enrolling them as members and funding their welfare from a cess paid by builders — 1% of construction cost — plus a small ₹50 yearly worker contribution. Once registered, a worker becomes eligible for ₹5 lakh group accident insurance, a ₹2 lakh natural-death benefit, a ₹1,500 monthly pension after 60, a ₹10,000 maternity benefit, children's education scholarships of ₹5,000-25,000 a year, a ₹2 lakh housing loan subsidy and medical reimbursement up to ₹2 lakh annually. More than 22 lakh workers are already on the rolls. Registration runs through bocwwb.ap.gov.in or any nearby Labour Office.

Andhra Pradesh SC/ST Post-Matric Scholarship (AP ePass) provides full tuition fee reimbursement and maintenance allowance to SC and ST students studying Class 11 and above. Maintenance: ₹550/month (Day Scholar Class 11-12), ₹1,000/month (Day Scholar Degree/PG), ₹900/month (Hosteller Class 11-12), ₹1,200/month (Hosteller Degree/PG/Professional). Family income limit: ₹2.5 lakh (SC), ₹3 lakh (ST). AP ePass portal is one of India's largest scholarship platforms — over 10 lakh SC/ST students annually. Apply at apepass.ap.gov.in.

Andhra Pradesh Backward Classes (BC/OBC) Post-Matric Scholarship provides full tuition fee reimbursement and monthly maintenance to BC/OBC students studying Class 11 and above. Maintenance: ₹500/month (Day Scholar Class 11-12), ₹900/month (Day Scholar Degree+), ₹800/month (Hosteller Class 11-12), ₹1,100/month (Hosteller Degree/Professional). Family income limit: ₹2 lakh. Managed by BC Welfare Department. Apply at apepass.ap.gov.in (same portal as SC/ST). AP has 5 BC groups (A, B, C, D, E) covering 100+ communities. Over 8 lakh BC students benefit annually.

Andhra Pradesh Fisheries Department provides comprehensive welfare to registered marine and inland fishermen. Benefits: ₹5 lakh sea accident death insurance (enhanced under PMMSY), ₹2 lakh partial disability, ban period/lean season subsistence allowance ₹3,000/month during annual fishing ban (June-July), diesel subsidy for mechanised boats, 50% subsidy on new boats and fishing nets under PMMSY, and housing under PM Awas for fishermen. AP has India's longest coastline (974 km) with 1.5+ million fishermen. Apply at apfisheries.ap.gov.in or nearest Fisheries Extension Officer.

Andhra Pradesh Agriculture Department's Rythu Pedatha (Farmer's Capital) initiative provides comprehensive input subsidies to AP farmers: 50-75% subsidy on quality seeds, 50% on bio-fertilizers and organic inputs (PKVY organic farming), 50-75% on drip/sprinkler irrigation equipment, 25-50% on farm machinery (power tiller, transplanter, harvester), 50% on polyhouse/shade net/mulch. Additionally AP provides: ₹9,500 input subsidy per crop hectare in case of severe drought/flood (input subsidy scheme), and PMFBY crop insurance at 1.5% Kharif premium. Apply through Village Agriculture Assistant (VAA) or apagrisnet.ap.gov.in.

Jagananna Suraksha is Andhra Pradesh's comprehensive family health and accident insurance scheme launched by the YSR Congress government. Provides ₹5 lakh per family per year — covering hospitalization, accidental death (₹5 lakh to nominee), permanent disability (₹5 lakh), and partial disability (₹2.5 lakh). The scheme covers all AP families whose annual income is below ₹5 lakh — no premium — fully government funded. Implemented in convergence with Ayushman Bharat PMJAY and state Aarogyasri scheme. The TDP government in 2024 continued the scheme with enhanced outreach under the NTR Suraksha brand. All AP residents with Aadhaar and AP ration card are auto-enrolled.

Andhra Pradesh's Navaratnalu (Nine Gems) flagship housing scheme provides free fully-constructed houses to BPL, SC/ST, and landless homeless families under PMAY-Gramin (rural) and PMAY-Urban convergence. Benefits: fully constructed house with 2 bedrooms + kitchen + toilet + electricity + water supply. Rural: central ₹1.20 lakh + state top-up ₹30,000 = ₹1.50 lakh total construction cost. Urban: PMAY-U with CLSS or EWS housing. AP government targets 30 lakh houses in 5 years. Identified through SECC data + Gram Panchayat surveys. Apply through Village/Ward Sachivalayam.

Jagananna Gorumudda (Jagan's Morsel) is Andhra Pradesh's enhanced implementation of PM Poshan (National Programme for Mid-Day Meals). AP provides cooked mid-day meals with significantly higher nutrition standards: rice, dal, vegetables daily + 2 eggs per week (1 egg per week initially, enhanced to 2). The state allocates additional ₹9 per child per day over and above central allocation. Covers all students in Classes 1-8 in government and government-aided schools — 40 lakh students. Also covers Anganwadi children. Each meal provides 400+ calories and 12+ grams protein. Grain (rice/wheat) supplied by FCI at ration rates. Local SHG women cook meals under Mamata Canteen / school kitchen arrangement.

YSR Aarogyasri provides cashless health insurance coverage of ₹5 lakh per year to all BPL (white ration card) families in Andhra Pradesh for 2,500+ listed medical procedures and surgeries at empanelled government and private hospitals.

YSR Sunna Vaddi (Zero Interest) is a crop-loan interest subvention scheme run by the Andhra Pradesh Agriculture Department for small and marginal farmers. Farmers borrow up to ₹1 lakh as a short-term crop loan through a Kisan Credit Card from any scheduled bank at the normal rate. When the borrower repays the full amount on time, the state reimburses the entire interest component directly to the lending bank, leaving the effective cost to the farmer at 0%. The reimbursement is processed against the farmer's verified Farmer ID and Rythu Bharosa records, and the relieved interest is credited so the loan stays affordable season after season for genuine cultivators.

Jagananna Chedodu provides ₹10,000 annual financial assistance directly to traditional artisans — barbers (Nayee Brahmin), washermen (Rajaka), tailors, cobblers (Madiga), and other BC artisan communities — to support their livelihoods.

Jagananna Vidya Kanuka provides free school entry kits to all students in government and government-aided schools in Andhra Pradesh — including school bag, textbooks, notebooks, shoes, socks, and two sets of uniform — every academic year.

The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), implemented in Andhra Pradesh through the Panchayati Raj and Rural Development Department, gives every rural household a legal right to 100 days of unskilled wage work each financial year at ₹247 per day. Adult members register at their Gram Panchayat and receive a job card listing the family. When a household demands work, the Panchayat must allocate it within 15 days, failing which an unemployment allowance is due. Wages are paid into the worker's Aadhaar-linked bank or Jan Dhan account through direct transfer, and works typically cover earthwork, water harvesting, plantation, road repair and pond deepening close to the village.

The Andhra Pradesh Scheduled Castes Cooperative Finance Corporation (APSCCFC) is the state nodal body that finances self-employment for Scheduled Caste families. Under its entrepreneur loan scheme, eligible SC applicants receive ₹1 lakh to ₹5 lakh to set up a viable new business or enterprise, with interest kept low at 3–6% and a back-ended subsidy of 25–50% of the loan that is not repayable. The balance is repaid in instalments over a few years. Applications are filed online at apsccfc.ap.gov.in or at the district SC Corporation office, where the caste certificate, income and project plan are verified before sanction, and approved amounts are disbursed through the beneficiary's bank account.

The Andhra Pradesh Backward Classes Cooperative Development Corporation (APBCDC) finances self-employment ventures for Backward Class families through the state BC Welfare Department. Its entrepreneur loan provides ₹1 lakh to ₹10 lakh to set up a new business at a subsidised 4–6% interest rate, combined with a 25–35% subsidy on the loan that the beneficiary does not repay. The corporation runs distinct windows for general BC, BC women and minority-BC applicants. Candidates apply online at apbcwelfare.ap.gov.in or at the district BC Welfare office, where the BC caste certificate, income proof and project plan are checked; sanctioned amounts are disbursed to the bank account and repaid over roughly five years.

The Andhra Pradesh Minority Welfare Department runs a post-matric scholarship to keep students from notified minority communities — Muslim, Christian, Sikh, Buddhist, Parsi and Jain — in higher education. Eligible students from Class 11 up to PhD in recognised institutions receive full reimbursement of tuition fees along with a monthly maintenance allowance of ₹500 to ₹1,200. Applications are filed each academic year on the AP ePass portal under the Minority category, where the minority community certificate, income proof, bonafide and fee receipt are verified. Once sanctioned, the fee component is settled with the institution and the maintenance amount is credited directly to the student's Aadhaar-linked bank account.

YSR Kapu Nestham is a women-focused income-support scheme run by the Andhra Pradesh BC Welfare Department for women belonging to the Kapu, Balija, Telaga, and Ontari communities. It pays ₹15,000 every year (equivalent to roughly ₹1,250 a month) to help eligible women meet household expenses and build a small financial cushion. The money is released directly into the woman's Aadhaar-linked bank account through DBT, so there are no agents, no office queues, and no chance of the amount being diverted along the way. To qualify, an applicant must be 18 or older, hold a valid community certificate issued by the local MRO, and belong to a family earning less than ₹3 lakh a year. Applications and verification are processed online through the dedicated kapunestham.ap.gov.in portal.

For persons with disability in Andhra Pradesh, a steady monthly income can be the difference between dependence and dignity. Under the state's Social Security Pension framework, the government pays ₹3,000 every month to those carrying a certified disability of 40% or more, with the amount landing directly in an Aadhaar-linked bank account through DBT — no middlemen, no monthly office visits. Applicants must be 18 or above, hold a disability certificate from the District Medical Board, and come from a household earning under ₹1.5 lakh a year; the pension is meant for those not already drawing another government pension such as old-age or widow support. The whole process — application, verification and ongoing payment — is handled through the village and ward secretariat network and the sachivalayam.ap.gov.in portal, which AP has built specifically to take welfare delivery to the doorstep.

YSR Jeeva Kranthi provides BC women's Self Help Groups in Andhra Pradesh with ₹75,000 capital investment support, free skill training, and market linkage to establish viable micro-enterprises through AP BC Welfare Department.

Andhra Pradesh Rythu Sadhikara Samstha (RySS) promotes Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF) by providing free training, Jivamruta preparation support, and market linkage to AP farmers to reduce input costs and improve profitability.

YSR Cheyutha (YSR Support) is Andhra Pradesh government's financial assistance scheme providing ₹18,750 per year for 4 consecutive years (total ₹75,000) to SC, ST, BC, and minority women aged 45 to 60 who do not have a regular income source. Launched by YSRCP government in 2020, the scheme aims to support marginalized women at a critical life stage when they are transitioning out of labour-intensive work. Funds are credited directly to the woman's Aadhaar-linked bank account via DBT. AP covers over 22 lakh women under this scheme across all districts. The scheme is continued with modifications under the current TDP government.

Gruha Lakshmi is Telangana government's women welfare scheme providing ₹2,500 per month to the woman head of household. Amount transferred via DBT directly to Aadhaar-linked bank account. Apply at gruhalakshmi.telangana.gov.in.

Telangana Rythu Bandhu is a farmer investment support scheme run by the state's Department of Agriculture that provides ₹5,000 per acre per crop season (Kharif and Rabi) directly to landowner farmers as pre-sowing financial assistance. The aim is to free farmers from high-interest private loans at the start of each season so they can buy seeds, fertiliser and other inputs without borrowing. Eligibility is verified through the Dharani land-records portal and the Pattadar Passbook, after which the money is credited straight into the farmer's Aadhaar-linked bank account via Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT). Over 70 lakh farmers in Telangana receive this assistance each season, making it one of the largest investment-support programmes for cultivators in India.

Kalyana Lakshmi and Shaadi Mubarak are twin marriage-assistance schemes run by the Telangana Women Development & Child Welfare Department to ease the financial burden of weddings on poorer families. Both provide a one-time grant of ₹1,00,116 to the bride. 'Kalyana Lakshmi' covers SC/ST/BC/EBC Hindu women, while 'Shaadi Mubarak' covers women from notified minority communities (Muslim, Christian, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain). The amount is paid by cheque or demand draft into the bride's bank account after verification of her age, caste/community and family income. The bride must be 18 or above and the groom 21 or above, with no government employee or income-tax payer in the family. Applications are filed within six months of the marriage, helping over six lakh families since launch.

KCR Kit (now referred to as 'Rajanna Kit' under the current government) is a maternal and child health scheme of the Telangana Department of Health, Medical & Family Welfare. It provides ₹12,000 cash assistance for a baby boy or ₹13,000 for a baby girl, paid in instalments, along with a kit of 16 items such as baby clothes, a blanket, mosquito net, soap, baby oil and feeding accessories, to mothers who deliver at government hospitals. The extra amount for girl children is meant to encourage families to welcome daughters. The cash is transferred through Direct Benefit Transfer to the mother's Aadhaar-linked bank account, while the kit is handed over at the hospital. By rewarding institutional deliveries, the scheme aims to reduce maternal and infant mortality, and it has covered over 30 lakh deliveries since launch.

Telangana Rythu Bima is a free life insurance scheme for landowner farmers in Telangana aged 18 to 59 years. In case of farmer's death (natural or accidental), the family receives ₹5 lakh as insurance benefit. The premium of ₹2,500/year per farmer is fully paid by the Government of Telangana. Over 38 lakh farmers are covered.

Gruha Jyothi is Telangana Government's flagship free electricity scheme launched by CM Revanth Reddy in August 2023, providing 200 units of free electricity per month to every domestic household in Telangana. The scheme is one of the five guarantees ('Pancha Guarantees') promised by the Congress party before the 2023 Telangana elections. Over 1.49 crore domestic electricity consumers in Telangana — approximately 5.11 crore households — benefit from this scheme. Consumers whose monthly usage is 200 units or less pay zero electricity bill. Those consuming above 200 units pay only for the excess units beyond 200. The scheme costs the state approximately ₹6,200 crore annually and is funded from the state budget.

Mahalakshmi is Telangana Government's flagship women empowerment and financial assistance scheme launched by CM Revanth Reddy as part of the Congress party's five 'Pancha Guarantees.' Under the scheme, one woman per household (preferably the family head or senior woman member) receives ₹2,500 per month — ₹30,000 per year — directly into their Aadhaar-linked bank accounts. The scheme targets 1.28 crore women across Telangana. Additionally, Mahalakshmi provides free bus travel in TSRTC buses for all women, free LPG cylinder, and ₹500 per month as additional support for women in below poverty line households. Phase-wise rollout began in 2024 with DBT installments every month.

Telangana ePASS (Electronic Payment and Application System of Scholarships) is a comprehensive scholarship portal managing post-matric scholarships for SC, ST, BC, EBC, Disabled, and Minority students in Telangana. Over 7 lakh students benefit annually. The scheme covers maintenance allowance (hostel and day scholar rates), tuition fee reimbursement, and study tour charges. All disbursement is done via DBT to Aadhaar-linked bank accounts. Apply at epass.cgg.gov.in every year at the start of academic session.

Telangana Dalit Bandhu is one of India's most iconic SC empowerment schemes, launched in August 2021 by the Government of Telangana. The scheme provides a ₹10 lakh ONE-TIME direct cash grant (NOT a loan — no repayment required) to Scheduled Caste (SC) families to start or expand income-generating enterprises. Beneficiaries can use the grant for any livelihood activity: agriculture, dairy, poultry, retail business, transport, small manufacturing, services. Telangana State Welfare Department also provides hand-holding through District Collectors. Pilot launched in Huzurabad constituency (CM's home); now expanded to ~118 constituencies. Aims to cover 10 lakh+ SC families across Telangana over 5 years.

Telangana Education Kits Scheme provides FREE school kits to all students enrolled in government and government-aided schools across Telangana. Each kit contains: 1 school bag, 2 sets of school uniform, notebooks, textbooks, stationery (pens, pencils, geometry box), shoes, socks, water bottle, and lunch box. The scheme covers all students from Class 1 to Class 10 — approximately 30 lakh students annually. Distribution happens at the start of each academic year (June–July). The scheme aims to reduce the financial burden on poor families, reduce dropouts, and ensure all government school students start the academic year with the same access to learning materials. Implemented by the School Education Department, Telangana.

Telangana Yuvanidhi (Youth Wealth) is the Congress government's flagship unemployment allowance scheme launched 2024 — a key election guarantee. Provides ₹3,000/month unemployment allowance to graduates and post-graduates from Telangana who are unable to find employment despite completing education. Modelled on Karnataka's similar Yuva Nidhi scheme. Targets 5-7 lakh educated unemployed youth in Telangana with budget allocation of ₹2,500+ crore annually. Application through Telangana Skill Development & Entrepreneurship Mission portal.

Aasara Pensions is Telangana government's flagship social security pension umbrella scheme — one of the most generous state pensions in India. Covers 10 categories: senior citizens (57+), widows, persons with disability (40%+), Beedi workers, single women, weavers, AIDS patients, dialysis patients, toddy tappers, and Bathukamma workers. Senior citizens (57-64): ₹2,016/month; Senior citizens (65+) and Widows: ₹3,016/month; Persons with severe disability (80%+): ₹3,016/month; Other disabled (40-79%): ₹2,500/month. Over 44 lakh beneficiaries — among India's largest state social security programmes. Application via Mee Seva or aasara.telangana.gov.in.

The Bathukamma Sarees Scheme is a popular Telangana state initiative where the government distributes free sarees to women — particularly BPL and ration card holder women — during the Bathukamma festival (the 9-day floral festival of Telangana women, celebrated in September-October). Launched by the BRS government and continued by the Congress government, the scheme distributes high-quality sarees (typically handloom/Pochampally/Gadwal weave sarees worth ₹500-1,000) to crores of women. Distribution point: Ration shops (PDS shops) and designated collection centres across Telangana. Scale: Over 1.5 crore women beneficiaries annually. The scheme also supports Telangana's handloom weaver community — the government bulk-purchases sarees from TSCO (Telangana State Cooperative Textiles Federation) and district-level weaver cooperatives, providing livelihood to over 1 lakh weavers. Women collect sarees at their nearest ration shop with their ration card.

Telangana Aarogyasri (now Mahatma Jyotirao Phule Telangana Aarogya Sri) provides cashless health insurance up to ₹5 lakh per year to BPL families for 3,000+ listed surgeries and treatments at empanelled government and private hospitals across Telangana.

Telangana government's flagship housing scheme provides free double bedroom (2BHK) houses with kitchen, bathroom, and basic amenities to homeless BPL families in urban and rural areas across Telangana. The scheme is aimed at houseless poor families and those living in kutcha or dilapidated structures, giving them a fully built pucca home at no cost. Beneficiaries are identified through government surveys as well as applications, covering both GHMC urban areas and rural Telangana.

T-PRIDE (Telangana Pradesh Incentives for Development and Empowerment) provides financial assistance of ₹25 lakh to Backward Class (BC) entrepreneurs in Telangana for starting new enterprises, with 35% subsidy and the rest as interest-free loan.

Run under Telangana's Aasara Pensions framework, this disability pension is among the most generous of any Indian state, putting ₹3,016 into the pocket of an eligible divyang person every month. It is meant to give a steady, dignified income to residents who carry a government-certified disability of 40 percent or more and whose annual family income stays below ₹1.5 lakh. Rather than vouchers or in-kind aid, the money lands directly in the beneficiary's Aadhaar-linked bank account through DBT, which keeps the payout transparent and cuts out middlemen. Applicants register on the Aasara portal or at a Gram Panchayat or MeeSeva centre, after which their disability certificate and income proof are verified before the monthly credit begins.

For students from Telangana's backward and disadvantaged communities, ePass is the single window that keeps education affordable. Short for Electronic Payment and Application System of Scholarships, the portal lets BC, OBC, EBC, SC, ST and Minority students claim two things at once — full reimbursement of their tuition fee and a monthly maintenance allowance to cover everyday study costs. It spans the whole education ladder, from Class 1 right up to PhD, as long as the student is enrolled in a recognised institution. The welfare departments behind the scheme verify the student's caste and income credentials, then route the money to the student's own bank account, with the application moving step by step from institution check to district verification and finally a DBT credit.

Telangana Matsyakara Bharosa provides ₹10,000 annual investment support to registered fishermen families for purchasing nets, boats, and fishing equipment, along with free group accident insurance and welfare benefits.

Masons, helpers, electricians, plumbers and the many other hands that build Telangana's cities sit at the heart of this welfare scheme. Administered by the Telangana Building and Other Construction Workers (BOCW) Welfare Board under the state Labour Department, it converts a worker's one-time registration into a basket of protections: accident insurance of up to ₹5 lakh, a monthly pension after the working years end, scholarships for the workers' children, marriage assistance and maternity benefits. The thread that ties it together is registration — a worker who has put in at least 90 days of construction work in the last year and is not covered by ESIC or EPF can enrol with the Board and unlock these benefits, with assistance amounts paid into the worker's bank account once a claim is verified.

Telangana Minority Welfare Department provides pre and post-matric scholarships with full tuition fee reimbursement and ₹500–₹1,200/month maintenance to Muslim, Christian, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain, and Parsi community students.

Telangana BC Study Circles provide free residential coaching for UPSC, TSPSC Group I/II, Banking, and other competitive exams to Backward Class students, with free accommodation, food, study material, and ₹1,000/month stipend.

Telangana Chief Minister's Relief Fund provides emergency financial assistance up to ₹5 lakh for life-threatening medical treatment, fire accidents, flood relief, and other disasters to economically weaker sections of Telangana.

Telangana Pala Velugu (Milk Revolution) scheme distributes free buffaloes to SC/ST/BC farmers and provides milk procurement price support to encourage dairy farming across rural Telangana.

Telangana Social Welfare Residential Schools (TSWREIS) provide free residential education from Class 1 to 12 for SC, ST, BC, and EBC children, including accommodation, food, uniforms, books, and coaching for competitive exams.

Mahatma Gandhi NREGA in Telangana guarantees 100 days of wage employment per year to rural BPL households at ₹257/day, with job card registration through Gram Panchayat and work allocation within 15 days of demand.

Rajiv Yuva Vikasam provides free skill development training in ITI, TSSC, and industry-aligned trades to unemployed Telangana youth (18–35 years) with ₹3,000/month stipend, free hostel for outstation students, and placement support.

Telangana Rythu Vedika (Farmer Service Centres) provides registered farmers with access to crop insurance, MSP procurement, agricultural inputs at subsidised rates, soil testing, and extension services through village-level farmer service centres.

Subhadra Yojana is Odisha's BJP government flagship women empowerment scheme, inaugurated by PM Narendra Modi on September 17, 2024. It provides ₹10,000 per year to all eligible women aged 21–60 years in two instalments of ₹5,000 each — paid on Raksha Bandhan (August) and International Women's Day (March 8). The scheme covers women with NFSA or SFSS ration cards automatically; others need an income certificate showing family income below ₹2.5 lakh. Over the 5-year scheme period (2024–2029), each beneficiary receives ₹50,000 in total. Money is credited directly to Aadhaar-linked bank accounts via DBT. Over 1 crore women have registered.

KALIA (Krushak Assistance for Livelihood and Income Augmentation) is Odisha's flagship farmer income support scheme providing ₹10,000 per year to small and marginal farmers in two instalments.

Biju Swasthya Kalyan Yojana (BSKY) is Odisha's flagship health insurance scheme. Women members of eligible families get ₹10 lakh annual cashless treatment; other family members get ₹5 lakh. Covers 1,000+ secondary and tertiary care packages at empanelled government and private hospitals. 96 lakh families (3.5 crore people) covered. Smart Health Card issued to all members. Apply/check at bsky.odisha.gov.in.

Mamata is Odisha's conditional cash transfer scheme for pregnant and lactating working women from the unorganised sector. Eligible women receive ₹5,000 in two instalments (₹2,000 during pregnancy + ₹3,000 after delivery). The scheme promotes institutional delivery, vaccination, and nutrition. Covers PESA areas and tribal regions. Implemented by Women and Child Development department.

Mo Ghara (My Home) is Odisha government's flagship housing scheme providing ₹1.30 lakh financial assistance to houseless and kutcha house families not covered under PMAY. Launched in 2024 by CM Mohan Majhi, it targets 45 lakh households across Odisha — the most ambitious state housing programme in Odisha's history. Beneficiaries receive ₹1.30 lakh in 3 instalments via DBT. Priority to ST, SC, women-headed households, landless families, and persons with disabilities.

BALARAM (Bank Linkage and Agri-credit Mechanism Across Rural Areas of Mission Shakti) is Odisha government's interest-free crop loan scheme for small and marginal farmers through PACS (Primary Agricultural Credit Societies). 5.70 lakh farmers get crop loans up to ₹50,000 at 0% interest — the state pays the interest subsidy. BALARAM operates through Odisha's Mission Shakti SHG network, linking women SHGs with credit for agriculture. Repayment is within 12 months.

Odisha Shramik Card (also called Labour Card / Construction Worker Card) is issued by the Odisha Building & Other Construction Workers Welfare Board (BOCWWB) to construction workers registered under the BOCW Act 1996. The card unlocks 14+ welfare benefits including: maternity assistance (Rs 10,000), death benefit (Rs 2 lakh), accident assistance, marriage assistance for daughters (Rs 20,000), educational assistance for children (Rs 1,000–Rs 25,000/year), pension on retirement (Rs 1,000–Rs 1,500/month), funeral assistance, and free medical treatment. Over 35 lakh workers registered in Odisha. Card validity: 1 year, renewed annually with a nominal fee. Apply at ocws.odisha.gov.in or any Common Service Centre (CSC).

Mukhyamantri Krushi Udyog Yojana (MKUY) is Odisha government's flagship agri-business and agri-enterprise loan scheme. Provides bank loans up to ₹50 lakh with 40% capital subsidy (capped at ₹20 lakh) to farmers, FPOs, entrepreneurs for: cold storage, food processing units, agri-warehouses, dairy/poultry/fishery units, agri-input shops, mushroom cultivation, vermicomposting, beekeeping, horticulture nurseries, and other agri-allied businesses. Implemented through APICOL (Agriculture Promotion & Investment Corporation of Odisha) via apicol.co.in portal. Higher subsidy (50%) for SC/ST/women applicants.

Madhu Babu Pension Yojana (MBPY) is Odisha's flagship social security pension scheme named after the legendary Odia leader Madhu Babu (Madhusudan Das). It is an umbrella pension scheme covering: (1) Old Age pensioners (60+ years, BPL) — ₹500/month (60-79 years) and ₹700/month (80+ years); (2) Widows (40+ years, BPL) — ₹500-700/month; (3) Persons with Disability (40%+) — ₹500-700/month; (4) Unmarried women (30+ years) — ₹500/month; (5) Leprosy cured persons — ₹500/month; (6) HIV/AIDS patients — ₹500/month; (7) Primitive Tribal Groups (PTG) — ₹500/month. Total beneficiaries: over 55 lakh pensioners (one of India's largest state pension programmes). Pension is paid every month on the 15th. In 2024, Odisha enhanced MBPY amounts and expanded coverage to all 30 districts. Application through Grama Panchayat/ULB.

Mission Shakti is Odisha's world-renowned women empowerment programme and Self-Help Group (SHG) network — one of the largest in India. Over 70 lakh women across 7 lakh SHGs are members. Mission Shakti provides: microfinance loans ₹1 lakh to ₹5 lakh via Bank-SHG linkage, enterprise grant up to ₹25,000 (non-repayable) for income-generating activities, skill training, market linkages, and legal empowerment. Mission Shakti SHGs manage 50,000+ community shops (Mamata Canteen, school kitchens, ration distribution). Senior SHG federations get management contracts worth crores. Apply at missionshakti.odisha.gov.in or through local Gram Panchayat Mission Shakti District Programme Manager.

Run by Odisha's SC/ST Development and Backward Classes Welfare Department, this post-matric scholarship keeps SC, ST and OBC (SEBC) learners in Class 11 and beyond from dropping out for want of fees. Eligible students get their full tuition reimbursed plus a monthly maintenance allowance that scales with the course level and where the student stays: ₹380/month for a Class 11-12 day scholar, ₹820/month at degree level and above for day scholars, ₹750/month for Class 11-12 hostellers, and ₹1,200/month for hostellers in degree or professional courses. The family-income ceiling is ₹2.5 lakh for SC/ST applicants and ₹1.5 lakh for the OBC/SEBC stream. Applications are filed on scholarships.odisha.gov.in, and the verified amount lands in the student's own Aadhaar-linked account through DBT. The Centre's NSP PMS-SC/ST portal (scholarships.gov.in) runs alongside it, and roughly 10 lakh students across Odisha draw on these benefits every year.

Odisha Fisheries Department provides welfare for registered sea and inland fishermen. Key benefits: ₹5 lakh group accident insurance at sea (central PMMSY enhanced), ₹2 lakh partial disability, lean-season ban period assistance ₹2,000/month during annual 61-day sea fishing ban (April 15 – June 14), diesel subsidy for mechanised boats, 50-60% subsidy on new fishing boats and nets under PMMSY, free life insurance (PMJJBY ₹2 lakh for fishermen), and housing under PMAY for fishermen colonies. Odisha has 470 km coastline — 9 lakh registered fishermen. Apply at fisheries.odisha.gov.in.

Gopabandhu Samajik Suraksha Yojana (GSSY) is Odisha's social security scheme for unorganised sector workers. Named after freedom fighter and poet Gopabandhu Das, GSSY provides ₹500/month pension to registered unorganised workers (aged 60+), ₹1 lakh death benefit, ₹50,000 disability benefit, and funeral assistance. Additionally, GSSY provides ₹1,500 per delivery for maternity benefit (up to 2 deliveries). Covers 54 occupational categories including domestic workers, agricultural labourers, fishermen, construction workers (non-BOCWWB), street vendors, cycle/auto drivers, beedi workers, weavers. Over 25 lakh workers enrolled. Apply at labour.odisha.gov.in.

Odisha is India's leading handicraft state — home to Pattachitra painting, Dhokra metal casting, silver Tarakasi filigree (Cuttack), Sambalpuri and Bomkai handloom sarees, Konark stone carving, terracotta pottery, palm leaf etching (Talapatrachitra), and more. The Odisha government supports artisans through the Department of Handicrafts and Cottage Industries. Key benefits: ₹50,000 tool kit/equipment grant for artisans registered with state, 50% training stipend (₹150-200/day), market linkage through Utkalika state emporium, e-commerce listing on Odisha One platform and Amazon Karigar, cluster development support ₹1-5 crore, and PM Vishwakarma Yojana benefits (₹15,000 toolkit + ₹3 lakh loan at 5%). ODOP (One District One Product) incentives for Odisha artisans.

Biju Krushak Kalyan Yojana (BKKY) is Odisha's flagship free crop insurance scheme where the state government pays 100% of the crop insurance premium on behalf of farmers — unlike PMFBY where farmers pay 1.5-2% premium. Under BKKY, all registered farmers in Odisha get free crop insurance for Kharif crops (paddy, maize, millets) up to ₹30,000/season compensation for crop failure/natural disaster. The state pays the full premium to insurance companies. Over 52 lakh farmers in Odisha benefit. BKKY is particularly significant for small and marginal farmers who cannot afford even the nominal PMFBY premium. Apply through agriculture department or village agriculture assistant.

Biju Pucca Ghar Yojana (BPGY) is Odisha's state housing scheme providing free pucca (RCC) houses to BPL families who lost homes in cyclones, floods, or fires, and to houseless BPL families not covered under PMAY-G. Benefit: ₹1.30 lakh per unit (state funds) for a 2-room pucca house with toilet and electricity. The scheme is named after late CM Biju Patnaik. Distinct from PMAY-G — covers residual BPL households. Beneficiaries identified by Gram Panchayat + revenue officials. Apply through Block Development Office or Gram Panchayat. 10 lakh+ houses constructed under BPGY.

MUKTA (Mukhyamantri Karma Tatpara Abhiyan) is Odisha's urban employment guarantee scheme launched in 2020, providing 100 days of paid employment per year to urban poor households in Odisha's urban local bodies (ULBs). Daily wage: ₹288/day (2025-26). Works: road repair, drainage cleaning, plantation, solid waste management, park maintenance, painting of public buildings. Payment within 15 days via DBT. Urban poor — migrant workers, daily wage labourers — get priority. Scheme particularly expanded post-COVID to support returning migrants. Apply at Ward Office / ULB.

Odisha government provides state-funded pre-matric scholarships to SC and ST students from Class 1 to Class 10 to prevent dropout and promote education. Day Scholar: ₹100-250/month (Class 1-8), ₹350-600/month (Class 9-10). Hosteller: ₹350-700/month (Class 3-10). Full tuition and exam fees reimbursed for Class 9-10. ST students in Ashram schools get free boarding, lodging, uniform and books. Over 25 lakh SC/ST students benefit annually. Apply through scholarship.odisha.gov.in (state scholarship portal) or school principal.

Odisha Medhabruti (Merit Scholarship) is the state's merit-based scholarship for outstanding students at Class 10 and Class 12 level across all categories (General/OBC/SC/ST). Top-scoring students in Class 10 board exams get ₹1,500/month for 2 years (Class 11-12). Top Class 12 scorers get ₹3,000/month for 3-5 years (degree level). Merit list published by Board of Secondary Education (BSE) and Council of Higher Secondary Education (CHSE) Odisha. Income limit: ₹2.5 lakh. Covers all categories — not caste-restricted. Apply through scholarship.odisha.gov.in.

For persons with disabilities in Odisha, the Madhusudan Divyang Sahayata Yojana — run in convergence with the Centre's NSAP and managed by the Social Security & Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (SSEPD) Department — provides a steady monthly pension along with wider support. The pension is ₹500/month where disability is assessed at 40-79%, rising to ₹1,000/month for those certified with 80% or more disability. Beyond the cash, the scheme opens the door to free assistive devices such as wheelchairs, tricycles, hearing aids and artificial limbs under the ADIP programme, education scholarships for disabled students, and preference in state housing and employment schemes. To qualify, applicants must have a disability certificate from the CDMO or Medical Board and a family income within ₹36,000/year for rural households or ₹45,000/year for urban ones. Applications can be made on ssepd.gov.in or at the Block Development Office, and the pension reaches the beneficiary's Aadhaar-linked account by DBT.

Odisha is famous for Sambalpuri sarees, Ikat, Pasapalli, and Bomkai textiles. The Handloom, Textile & Handicraft Department supports registered handloom weavers through: ₹3,000/year input subsidy (yarn, dye), 50% subsidy on new loom/jacquard attachment, ₹2 lakh life insurance + ₹1 lakh disability cover under MGBVY (Mahatma Gandhi Bunkar Bima Yojana), health insurance through Aarogyashree/BSKY, marketing support through BOBBIL and UTKALIKA government emporiums, GI tag protection for Sambalpuri, and free design training at Weaver Service Centres. Apply at handloom.odisha.gov.in or Weavers Service Centre.

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) guarantees 100 days of wage employment per year to every rural household in Odisha. Current wage: ₹237/day (2025-26). Works include water conservation, land development, road construction, plantation, flood protection. Payment in 15 days via DBT. Odisha has 1.4 crore+ active MGNREGA workers — one of India's highest participation states. SC/ST households get priority. Women constitute 40%+ workers in Odisha MGNREGA. Apply for Job Card at Gram Panchayat. Under convergence with Odisha government's rural schemes.

This post-matric scholarship, administered by Odisha's OBC & SEBC Development Department, is aimed squarely at students from Socially and Educationally Backward Classes who have crossed matriculation and enrolled in Class 11 or any higher course. Beyond reimbursing the full tuition fee, it pays a monthly maintenance allowance pegged to the course stage and whether the student is a day scholar or a hosteller: ₹400/month for a Class 11-12 day scholar, ₹700/month for a day scholar in degree or PG study, ₹600/month for a Class 11-12 hosteller, and ₹900/month for a hosteller in a degree or professional programme. The annual family-income ceiling for this OBC/SEBC stream is ₹1 lakh, lower than the SC/ST threshold, so an accurate income certificate matters. Applications go through scholarship.odisha.gov.in and the approved amount is credited to the student's Aadhaar-linked account by DBT, with more than 5 lakh OBC/SEBC students drawing on the scheme each year.

Samrudhi (Prosperity) is Odisha government's flagship scheme under Mission Shakti to empower women Self-Help Groups (SHGs). Benefits: ₹1 lakh interest-free seed capital to new SHGs for income-generating activities, ₹3 lakh bank linkage loan at 0% interest (government pays interest), revolving fund ₹15,000 per SHG, skill training, and market linkage through government fairs. Mission Shakti has formed 70 lakh+ women SHGs in Odisha — one of India's largest SHG networks. Samrudhi extends benefits to SHGs performing well under Mission Shakti grading. Apply through Block Mission Shakti Cell.

Odisha's Aahaar scheme provides cooked nutritious meals (rice, dal, vegetables) at just ₹5 per plate to daily wage workers, construction workers, migrant labourers, and urban poor at Aahaar centres set up in cities and towns. Launched in 2015, Aahaar has 1,200+ centres across Odisha cities — near railway stations, bus stands, market areas, construction sites. Each meal has 700+ calories. Government subsidises ₹20-25 per plate — beneficiary pays only ₹5. Over 4 lakh meals served daily. No identity card required — anyone can eat. CSR and NGO partnership model.

Odisha provides pre-matric and post-matric scholarships to students from minority communities (Muslim, Christian, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain, Zoroastrian) funded by both central (National Minority Development Finance Corporation) and state governments. Pre-matric: ₹5,000-7,000/year (day scholar/hosteller) for Class 1-10. Post-matric: ₹7,000-12,000/year for Class 11 and above. Income limit: ₹1 lakh (pre-matric) / ₹2 lakh (post-matric). Apply through central Minority Affairs portal or scholarship.odisha.gov.in. Minority certificate required.

Mo School Abhiyan (My School Campaign) is Odisha government's innovative community-participation scheme launched in 2017, allowing alumni and well-wishers to contribute to improvement of government schools in their home districts. Alumni register on moschool.odisha.gov.in, pledge contributions, and track how funds improve their school — new classrooms, labs, libraries, sports facilities, toilets, drinking water, smart classrooms. Government matches 10-25% on top of alumni contribution (alumni get 80G tax exemption). Over ₹200 crore raised by 2.5 lakh+ alumni contributors. 5,000+ schools improved. Also benefits current students through improved infrastructure.

Punjab Atta Daal Scheme provides subsidised flour (atta) at ₹2/kg and dal at ₹20/kg to BPL, SC, and blue card holder families through fair price shops across Punjab.

Punjab Ghar Ghar Rozgar Yojana is an employment-linkage programme run by the Department of Employment Generation, Skill Development and Training, Government of Punjab. Through the official pgrkam.com portal it offers unemployed educated youth free job-seeker registration, access to district-level rozgar melas (job fairs), career counselling, foreign-placement guidance, and self-employment leads. Registered candidates receive SMS and portal alerts whenever vacancies matching their qualification and skills are posted, and they can be shortlisted directly by participating private and government employers. There is no registration fee — the entire process is online — and placement support continues until the candidate is connected with a suitable opening within Punjab or abroad.

Aam Aadmi Clinics (AAC) are Punjab's flagship free healthcare initiative launched by CM Bhagwant Mann's AAP government. 800+ clinics across all Punjab districts provide free OPD consultation, 100+ diagnostic tests, and free medicines — no registration fee, no charge. Each clinic has a doctor, pharmacist, and lab technician. Over 2 crore free consultations done since 2022 launch.

The Punjab Ashirwad Scheme (renamed from the earlier Shagun Scheme) is a marriage-assistance programme administered by the Social Welfare Department, Government of Punjab. It provides a one-time grant of ₹51,000 to daughters from Scheduled Caste, Backward Class and economically weaker families at the time of their marriage, helping low-income parents meet wedding expenses without falling into debt. The benefit is released through Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) straight into the bride's Aadhaar-linked bank account, so there is no cash handling or middleman. Families with annual income below the prescribed rural/urban limits qualify, and applications are filed with the District Social Welfare Officer or online at edistrict.punjabgovt.gov.in.

Punjab Mukhyamantri Sehat Bima Yojana (formerly Sarbat Sehat Bima Yojana) is the AAP Government's flagship free health insurance scheme covering all Punjab families with cashless treatment up to ₹10 lakh per family per year. The scheme was significantly expanded by the AAP government in 2022 — raising coverage from ₹5 lakh to ₹10 lakh and extending it universally to all Punjab families (over 60 lakh families). It covers hospitalisation, surgery, cancer treatment, critical illness, and organ transplants at over 700+ empanelled government and private hospitals across Punjab and India. No premium is charged to any beneficiary family.

Bhagat Singh Yuva Rozgar Yojana (formerly Ghar Ghar Rozgar Yojana extension) is Punjab Government's unemployment allowance scheme for educated youth. Under the scheme, graduates who are unemployed receive a monthly allowance of ₹2,500 for up to 3 years while they search for employment or skill training. Post-graduate degree holders receive ₹3,000/month. The scheme is part of Punjab's broader employment ecosystem that also includes the Rozgar Mela (Job Fairs) and skill development partnerships. Launched/renamed under AAP government to honor Bhagat Singh's centenary, the scheme aims to support youth during their transition from education to employment.

Punjab Mukhyamantri Mawan Dhiyan Satkar Yojana (also called Maa-Beti Samman Yojana — Mother-Daughter Felicitation Scheme) was launched in 2026 by the Punjab Government to provide monthly financial assistance of ₹1,000–₹1,500 to ALL adult women in Punjab. Every eligible woman aged 18+ gets ₹1,000/month directly to her bank account. SC (Scheduled Caste) women receive enhanced ₹1,500/month. Registration began from 15 April 2026 through Sewa Kendras, Anganwadi Centres, Nagar Nigam, and Committee offices. Exclusions: current/retired government employees, MPs/MLAs (current or former), and income tax payers. Aims to cover 1 crore+ Punjab women across rural and urban areas.

Punjab Solar Street Lighting Scheme, implemented by Punjab Energy Development Agency (PEDA), provides FREE solar streetlights to villages, gram panchayat areas, urban wards, and remote habitations across Punjab. Each LED solar streetlight has a 12W LED panel, lithium battery, motion sensor, and 5-year warranty. Aims to electrify 10,000+ streets in rural Punjab with renewable energy — reducing dependence on grid power, eliminating dark spots, and improving night-time safety for women, students, and pedestrians. Beneficiary: Gram Panchayat, Nagar Panchayat, or Municipal Committee passes a resolution requesting solar streetlights — PEDA installs them free of cost. No cost-sharing required from Panchayat.

Punjab Mai Bhago Vidya Scheme — named after the legendary Sikh warrior Mai Bhago — provides FREE bicycles to ALL girl students enrolled in Class 11 and Class 12 in Punjab government and government-aided schools. Aim: improve girls' access to higher secondary education by easing daily commute, reducing dropouts, and ensuring continuation till Class 12. Launched 2011, continued under successive Punjab governments. Distribution at school level by Education Department. Over 1 lakh bicycles distributed annually. Universal coverage — no income limit, all Class 11-12 government school girls eligible.

Dr B R Ambedkar Scheme of Post-Matric Scholarship (Punjab) is the state's flagship education scholarship for Scheduled Caste (SC) students. Provides 100% tuition fee reimbursement + non-refundable fee + maintenance allowance (₹230-₹1,200/month — Day Scholar/Hosteller) + thesis allowance + study tour charges for Class 11 to PhD students. The scheme covers professional courses (Engineering/Medical/Law/MBA/MCA) and general degree courses at recognized institutions. Family annual income ≤ ₹2.5 lakh (recently revised). Around 3 lakh+ Punjab SC students benefit annually. Administered by Punjab Department of Social Justice, Empowerment and Minorities. Apply online at scholarships.punjab.gov.in (the Punjab State Scholarship Portal — e-Punjab Scholarship Portal) between August-December.

Punjab Mukhyamantri Mawan Dhiyan Satkar Yojana, also called Maa-Beti Samman Yojana, was announced by Finance Minister Harpal Singh Cheema on 8 March 2026 (International Women's Day) during the Punjab Budget 2026-27 presentation. CM Bhagwant Mann formally launched the scheme on 14 April 2026 at a rally in Adampur, Jalandhar — with registrations starting 15 April 2026 in 9 pilot constituencies (Adampur, Malout, Sri Anandpur Sahib, Dirba, Sunam, Moga, Kotkapura, Batala, Patiala Rural). The remaining 108 constituencies open registration from 15 May 2026. Described by Punjab government as 'the world's first universal cash transfer scheme for women', every eligible woman aged 18 years and above who is a permanent resident of Punjab will receive ₹1,000 per month directly in her bank account via DBT. Women from the Scheduled Caste (SC) category receive ₹1,500 per month (₹500 additional). No middlemen, no delays — direct credit to Aadhaar-linked bank account.

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) in Punjab provides guaranteed wage employment of 100 days per year at ₹326/day to rural households. Any rural household can demand work through the Job Card during lean agricultural seasons. Wages are paid via DBT directly to the worker's bank account within 15 days. Works undertaken include road construction, irrigation canals, plantation, ponds, and village infrastructure. Punjab's Social Welfare and Rural Development Department implements the scheme across all 22 districts.

Punjab SC Pre-Matric Scholarship is a centrally sponsored scheme implemented by Punjab Welfare Department providing annual scholarship of ₹1,000–₹3,500 plus book allowance to Scheduled Caste students studying in Class 1 to Class 10 in government and government-aided schools. The scheme aims to prevent dropouts among SC children and ensure continuation of education. Day scholars and hostellers receive different rates. Family income must be below ₹2.5 lakh per annum. Applications are submitted through the Punjab Scholarship Portal (scholarships.punjab.gov.in) by the school on behalf of students.